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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
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Resistance-Based Interval Exercise Acutely Improves Endothelial Function In Type 2 Diabetes, Monique E. Francois, Cody Durrer, Kevin Pistawka, Frank Halperin, Jonathan P. Little
Resistance-Based Interval Exercise Acutely Improves Endothelial Function In Type 2 Diabetes, Monique E. Francois, Cody Durrer, Kevin Pistawka, Frank Halperin, Jonathan P. Little
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Different modes of exercise, disease, and training status can modify endothelial shear stress and result in distinct effects on endothelial function. To date, no study has examined the influence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and training status on the acute endothelial response to different modes of interval exercise (INT). We examined the effect of a single session of resistance- and cardio-based INT compared with a time-matched control on endothelial function in 12 age-matched T2D participants, 12 untrained, and 11 trained adults (aged 56 ± 7 yr). Flow-mediated dilation (%FMD) of the brachial artery was assessed at baseline and immediately, 1, …
Low-Volume Intense Exercise Elicits Post-Exercise Hypotension And Subsequent Hypervolemia, Irrespective Of Which Limbs Are Exercised, Matthew Graham, Samuel Lucas, Monique E. Francois, Stasinos Stavrianeas, Evelyn Parr, Kate Thomas, Jim D. Cotter
Low-Volume Intense Exercise Elicits Post-Exercise Hypotension And Subsequent Hypervolemia, Irrespective Of Which Limbs Are Exercised, Matthew Graham, Samuel Lucas, Monique E. Francois, Stasinos Stavrianeas, Evelyn Parr, Kate Thomas, Jim D. Cotter
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Introduction: Exercise reduces arterial and central venous blood pressures during recovery, which contributes to its valuable anti-hypertensive effects and to facilitating hypervolemia. Repeated sprint exercise potently improves metabolic function, but its cardiovascular effects (esp. hematological) are less well-characterized, as are effects of exercising upper versus lower limbs. The purposes of this study were to identify the acute (< 24 h) profiles of arterial blood pressure and blood volume for (i) sprint intervals versus endurance exercise, and (ii) sprint intervals using arms versus legs. Methods: Twelve untrained males completed three cycling exercise trials; 50-min endurance (legs), and 5*30-s intervals using legs or arms, in randomized and counterbalanced sequence, at a standardized time of day with at least 8 days between trials. Arterial pressure, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit were measured before, during and across 22 h after exercise, the first 3 h of which were seated rest. Results: The post-exercise hypotensive response was larger after leg intervals than endurance (AUC: 7540 ± 3853 vs. 3897 ± 2757 mm Hg·min, p = 0.049, 95% CI: 20 to 6764), whereas exercising different limbs elicited similar hypotension (arms: 6420 ± 3947 mm Hg·min, p = 0.48, CI: -1261 to 3896). In contrast, arterial pressure at 22 h was reduced after endurance but not after leg intervals (-8 ± 8 vs. 0 ± 7 mm Hg, p = 0.04, CI: 7 ± 7) or reliably after arm intervals (-4 ± 8 mm Hg, p = 0.18 vs. leg intervals). Regardless, plasma volume expansion at 22 h was similar between leg intervals and endurance (both +5 ± 5%; CI: -5 to 5%) and between leg and arm intervals (arms: +5 ± 7%, CI: -8 to 5%). Conclusions: These results emphasize the relative importance of central and/or systemic factors in post-exercise hypotension, and indicate that markedly diverse exercise profiles can induce substantive hypotension and subsequent hypervolemia. At least for endurance exercise, this hypervolemia may not depend on the volume of post-exercise hypotension. Finally, endurance exercise led to reduced blood pressure the following day, but sprint interval exercise did not.
The Changing Landscape Of Disaster Volunteering: Opportunities, Responses And Gaps In Australia, Blythe Mclennan, Joshua Whittaker, John Handmer
The Changing Landscape Of Disaster Volunteering: Opportunities, Responses And Gaps In Australia, Blythe Mclennan, Joshua Whittaker, John Handmer
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
There is a growing expectation that volunteers will have a greater role in disaster management in the future compared to the past. This is driven largely by a growing focus on building resilience to disasters. At the same time, the wider landscape of volunteering is fundamentally changing in the twenty-first century. This paper considers implications of this changing landscape for the resilience agenda in disaster management, with a focus on Australia. It first reviews major forces and trends impacting on disaster volunteering, highlighting four key developments: the growth of more diverse and episodic volunteering styles, the impact of new communications …
Application Of Satellite Navigation System For Emergency Warning And Alerting, Suelynn Choy, John Handmer, Joshua Whittaker, Yuki Shinohara, Tomohiro Hatori
Application Of Satellite Navigation System For Emergency Warning And Alerting, Suelynn Choy, John Handmer, Joshua Whittaker, Yuki Shinohara, Tomohiro Hatori
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
One of the key responsibilities of any government is to communicate and disseminate safety information and warnings to the general public in case of an emergency. Traditionally, warnings are issued by the government through a broadcast approach using communication channels such as TV and radio. However this monopolistic approach is now challenged by new technologies and media capable of providing individualised warnings to personal mobile devices. Location-based emergency services and mobile alerts are becoming increasingly prevalent in the provision of emergency warnings. These new modes of emergency services have been adopted by several countries worldwide including Australia. One example is …
Centralised Coordination Of Spontaneous Emergency Volunteers: The Ev Crew Model, Blythe Mclennan, Julie Molloy, Joshua Whittaker, John Handmer
Centralised Coordination Of Spontaneous Emergency Volunteers: The Ev Crew Model, Blythe Mclennan, Julie Molloy, Joshua Whittaker, John Handmer
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
This paper presents a case study of Emergency Volunteering - Community Response to Extreme Weather (EV CREW). EV CREW is a best-practice model for centrally coordinating spontaneous volunteers who respond during emergencies. The model was developed by Volunteering Queensland, a not-for-profit organisation and the peak volunteering body in Queensland. The case study outlines the EV CREW model, with particular attention on intended outcomes for community resilience and emergency management. It presents spontaneous volunteering as an empowering and legitimate component of recovery and resilience and, when coordinated appropriately, it adds value to recovery, is rewarding for volunteers, and reduces associated risks …
Association Between Inflammatory Potential Of Diet And Risk Of Depression In Middle-Aged Women: The Australian Longitudinal Study On Women's Health, Nitin Shivappa, Danielle A. J. M Schoenaker, James R. Hebert, Gita D. Mishra
Association Between Inflammatory Potential Of Diet And Risk Of Depression In Middle-Aged Women: The Australian Longitudinal Study On Women's Health, Nitin Shivappa, Danielle A. J. M Schoenaker, James R. Hebert, Gita D. Mishra
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Dietary factors and inflammation markers have been shown to play a role in the development of depression. However, there are very few studies that have explored the association between inflammatory potential of diet and risk of depression. In this study, we examined the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII), which was developed specifically to measure the inflammatory potential of diet, and risk of depression in the middle-aged cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. A total of 6438 women with a mean age of 52·0 (sd 1·4) years at baseline were followed-up at five surveys over 12 …
Differences In Motor Evoked Potentials Induced In Rats By Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Under Two Separate Anesthetics: Implications For Plasticity Studies, Matthew Sykes, Natalie A. Matheson, Philip W. Brownjohn, Alexander D. Tang, Jennifer Rodger, Jonathan Shemmell, John N. J Reynolds
Differences In Motor Evoked Potentials Induced In Rats By Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Under Two Separate Anesthetics: Implications For Plasticity Studies, Matthew Sykes, Natalie A. Matheson, Philip W. Brownjohn, Alexander D. Tang, Jennifer Rodger, Jonathan Shemmell, John N. J Reynolds
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is primarily used in humans to change the state of corticospinal excitability. To assess the efficacy of different rTMS stimulation protocols, motor evoked potentials (MEPs) are used as a readout due to their non-invasive nature. Stimulation of the motor cortex produces a response in a targeted muscle, and the amplitude of this twitch provides an indirect measure of the current state of the cortex. When applied to the motor cortex, rTMS can alter MEP amplitude, however, results are variable between participants and across studies. In addition, the mechanisms underlying any change and its locus are …
Understanding The Effects Of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation On Neuronal Circuits, Natalie A. Matheson, Jonathan Shemmell, Dirk De Ridder, John N. J Reynolds
Understanding The Effects Of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation On Neuronal Circuits, Natalie A. Matheson, Jonathan Shemmell, Dirk De Ridder, John N. J Reynolds
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Despite the widespread use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in both research and clinical settings, there is a paucity of evidence regarding the effects of its application on neural activity. Studies investigating the effects of rTMS on human participants (Huang et al., 2005) have shown that patterned trains of rTMS can be used to modulate the sensitivity of motor pathways for a period outlasting the stimulation itself. These changes are often attributed to an rTMS-induced increase in neural "plasticity" or a "change in excitability" of the motor pathway. Evidence that rTMS can modify the strength of motor pathways has …
Integrative Review Of The Supportive Care Needs Of Arab People Affected By Cancer, Ibrahim M. Alananzeh, Janelle V. Levesque, Cannas Kwok, Bronwyn Everett
Integrative Review Of The Supportive Care Needs Of Arab People Affected By Cancer, Ibrahim M. Alananzeh, Janelle V. Levesque, Cannas Kwok, Bronwyn Everett
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
This review aimed to identify the unmet supportive care needs to conduct an integrative review of the literature, to identify the unmet supportive care needs of Arab people affected by cancer (patients and caregivers), and the impact of these needs on quality of life and psychosocial well-being. In July 2015 databases, search engines and electronic list servers were searched, with no limit on the year of publication. Reference lists of included articles and published reviews were also hand searched. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies examined the supportive care/ unmet needs of Arab cancer patients and their family …
Selection And Constraints On Offspring Size-Number Trade-Offs In Sand Lizards (Lacerta Agilis), G Ljungström, M Stjernstedt, Erik Wapstra, Mats M. Olsson
Selection And Constraints On Offspring Size-Number Trade-Offs In Sand Lizards (Lacerta Agilis), G Ljungström, M Stjernstedt, Erik Wapstra, Mats M. Olsson
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
The trade-off between offspring size and number is a central component of life-history theory, postulating that larger investment into offspring size inevitably decreases offspring number. This trade-off is generally discussed in terms of genetic, physiological or morphological constraints; however, as among-individual differences can mask individual trade-offs, the underlying mechanisms may be difficult to reveal. In this study, we use multivariate analyses to investigate whether there is a trade-off between offspring size and number in a population of sand lizards by separating among- and within-individual patterns using a 15-year data set collected in the wild. We also explore the ecological and …
Teaching And Learning Preferences Of 'Generation Y' Occupational Therapy Students In Practice Education, Caroline Hills, Tracy Levett-Jones, Helen Warren-Forward, Samuel Lapkin
Teaching And Learning Preferences Of 'Generation Y' Occupational Therapy Students In Practice Education, Caroline Hills, Tracy Levett-Jones, Helen Warren-Forward, Samuel Lapkin
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Background/Aims: Practice education is integral to health professional curricula. There is emerging evidence that student generational attributes may be impacting on practice education. Students born between 1982 and 2000, termed 'Generation Y', are said to have a different outlook on learning to those students from other generational groups. However, there is little research from student perspectives to investigate these claims. This study aimed to identify 'Generation Y' occupational therapy students' preferred teaching and learning approaches in practice education. Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive approach and purposive sampling, 22 semi-structured interviews were undertaken with third and fourth year 'Generation Y' occupational …
Principles And A Model For Advancing Future-Oriented And Student-Focused Teaching And Learning, Dominique R. Parrish
Principles And A Model For Advancing Future-Oriented And Student-Focused Teaching And Learning, Dominique R. Parrish
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
A major agenda of higher education institutions is to equip students to be employable and ‘future ready’ graduates; achieve their professional and personal goals; and respond, in a socially responsible way, to the challenges of the 21st Century. These aspirations require quality teaching and learning that is future-oriented and student-focused. This paper will describe the first phase of an initiative carried out in an Australian university to afford these aspirations as well as promote transformative and sustainable curriculum and pedagogy. An extensive review of literature was conducted to ascertain traits of Generation Y students. The findings from this review highlighted …
How Health Care Professionals Use Social Media To Create Virtual Communities: An Integrative Review, Kaye D. Rolls, Margaret Hansen, Debra Jackson, Doug Elliott
How Health Care Professionals Use Social Media To Create Virtual Communities: An Integrative Review, Kaye D. Rolls, Margaret Hansen, Debra Jackson, Doug Elliott
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Background: Prevailing health care structures and cultures restrict intraprofessional communication, inhibiting knowledge dissemination and impacting the translation of research into practice. Virtual communities may facilitate professional networking and knowledge sharing in and between health care disciplines. Objectives: This study aimed to review the literature on the use of social media by health care professionals in developing virtual communities that facilitate professional networking, knowledge sharing, and evidence-informed practice. Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted to identify research published between 1990 and 2015. Search strategies sourced electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL), snowball references, and tables of contents of 3 journals. Papers that …
Why We Belong - Exploring Membership Of Healthcare Professionals In An Intensive Care Virtual Community Via Online Focus Groups: Rationale And Protocol, Kaye D. Rolls, Margaret Hansen, Debra Jackson, Doug Elliott
Why We Belong - Exploring Membership Of Healthcare Professionals In An Intensive Care Virtual Community Via Online Focus Groups: Rationale And Protocol, Kaye D. Rolls, Margaret Hansen, Debra Jackson, Doug Elliott
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Background: Many current challenges of evidence-based practice are related to ineffective social networks among health care professionals. Opportunities exist for multidisciplinary virtual communities to transcend professional and organizational boundaries and facilitate important knowledge transfer. Although health care professionals have been using the Internet to form virtual communities for many years, little is known regarding "why" they join, as most research has focused on the perspective of "posters," who form a minority of members. Objective: Our aim was to develop a comprehensive understanding of why health care professionals belong to a virtual community (VC). Methods: A qualitative approach will be used …
Health Literacy: Does Health Literacy Affect The Use Of Complementary And Alternative Medicines (Cam) In Australian General Practice Settings?, Dora M. Von Conrady, Andrew D. Bonney, Judy Mullan
Health Literacy: Does Health Literacy Affect The Use Of Complementary And Alternative Medicines (Cam) In Australian General Practice Settings?, Dora M. Von Conrady, Andrew D. Bonney, Judy Mullan
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
The aim of this study was to assess whether health literacy is associated with the use of complementary and alternate medicines (CAM).
A Late Quaternary Vertebrate Deposit In Kudjal Yolgah Cave, South-Western Australia: Refining Regional Late Pleistocene Extinctions, Nathan Jankowski, Grant A. Gully, Zenobia Jacobs, Richard G. Roberts, Gavin J. Prideaux
A Late Quaternary Vertebrate Deposit In Kudjal Yolgah Cave, South-Western Australia: Refining Regional Late Pleistocene Extinctions, Nathan Jankowski, Grant A. Gully, Zenobia Jacobs, Richard G. Roberts, Gavin J. Prideaux
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
We describe the stratigraphy and chronology of Kudjal Yolgah Cave in south-western Australia, a late Quaternary deposit pre- and post-dating regional human arrival and preserving fossils of extinct and extant fauna. Single-grain optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating shows that seven superposed units were deposited over the past 80 ka. Remains of 16 mammal species have been found at the site, all of them represented in Unit 7, for which seven OSL ages indicate accumulation between 80 and 41 ka. Single-grain OSL equivalent dose distribution patterns show no evidence of reworking of older or younger sediments into Unit 7, but late …
Optical Dating Of Sediments From The West Mouth, Mark Stephens, Richard G. Roberts, Olav B. Lian
Optical Dating Of Sediments From The West Mouth, Mark Stephens, Richard G. Roberts, Olav B. Lian
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
This chapter reports on optical dating procedures carried out in 2002-2003 in an attempt to estimate the timing of deposition of sedimentary units of archaeological significance in the West Mouth. Optical dating is a well established method for determining the time elapsed since grains of quartz or feldspar were last exposed to sunlight. The established age-range of the method is from one to 150,000 years and so was applicable to the West Mouth where chronology based on radiocarbon-dated charcoal places the earliest hominim presence at about 50,000 BP. Because this age is at the upper limit of the radiocarbon dating …
Generation Y Occupational Therapy Students' Views And Preferences About The Provision Of Feedback During Clinical Practice Education, Caroline Hills, Tracy Levett-Jones, Helen Warren-Forward, Samuel Lapkin
Generation Y Occupational Therapy Students' Views And Preferences About The Provision Of Feedback During Clinical Practice Education, Caroline Hills, Tracy Levett-Jones, Helen Warren-Forward, Samuel Lapkin
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Introduction: Feedback is central to students' learning whilst on practice education and has been identified by students as one aspect of quality placements. Generation Y students have been reported as preferring praise during feedback, and in occupational therapy, students classified as Generation Y have been reported as having difficulty accepting critical feedback in practice education. This study aimed to seek one group of Generation Y students' views and preferences in regards to quality feedback during practice education. Method: After ethical approval, students from one occupational therapy program in an Australian university were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview to …
Investigating Gp Experiences: Barriers And Facilitators To The Management And Referral Of Acne Patients In A Primary Care Setting, Andrew D. Bonney, Judy Mullan, Jo-Ann See, Jenna E. Rayner, Athena Hammond
Investigating Gp Experiences: Barriers And Facilitators To The Management And Referral Of Acne Patients In A Primary Care Setting, Andrew D. Bonney, Judy Mullan, Jo-Ann See, Jenna E. Rayner, Athena Hammond
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
The aim of this project was to investigate the GP experience and the barriers and facilitators of referral to dermatologists for isotretinoin treatment.