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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Impact Of Environmental Factors On Invasive Vinca Major Management In The Sonoran Desert, Emma S. Rosenau
The Impact Of Environmental Factors On Invasive Vinca Major Management In The Sonoran Desert, Emma S. Rosenau
UVM Patrick Leahy Honors College Senior Theses
Invasive species are one of the top global threats to biodiversity, and guidelines for context-dependent local management of invasive species is needed. Vinca major is a vine native to Eurasia that acts as an invasive in the Southwestern United States, including Aravaipa Canyon, an ecologically important corridor with a rare perennial stream in the Sonoran Desert. Eradication efforts for V. major in the canyon focus on glyphosate (Roundup) application. However, detailed guidance on the ideal environmental conditions under which to apply glyphosate to achieve maximum V. major die-off would be useful to land managers and is a current knowledge gap. …
Short- And Long-Term Impacts Of Forest Management In Response To The Invasive Emerald Ash Borer In New England Forests, Hanusia Higgins
Short- And Long-Term Impacts Of Forest Management In Response To The Invasive Emerald Ash Borer In New England Forests, Hanusia Higgins
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
As non-native forest pests disperse across the United States, the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (EAB), has emerged as one of the most costly and destructive invaders. In response to EAB, forest management practices, including pre-salvage logging, "phloem reduction" (large ash removal), and strategies to improve future ash regeneration, have been implemented to meet economic, ecological, cultural, and safety objectives. Although many studies have quantified the impacts of EAB on mortality of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.), less is known about the short- and long-term ecological impacts of forest management in response to this pest. In summer 2020, we measured forest …
The Impacts Of Asian Longhorned Beetle On Forests In Southern New England, Olivia Fay Box
The Impacts Of Asian Longhorned Beetle On Forests In Southern New England, Olivia Fay Box
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Over the past several decades, the United States has been experiencing an influx of nonnative pests due to increased globalization, and many of these pests have the potential to permanently alter the composition, structure, and function of forests. Asian longhorned beetle (ALB) is an invasive pest that came into Worcester county, MA in 2008, where the first instance of this species invading both urban and natural forested areas was documented. Within the quarantine area for this novel invasion, 30,000 trees were removed over the course of 10 years as part of management efforts focused on harvesting all host species, primarily …
Pacific Northwest To New England: Exploring The Intersections Of Invasive Ecology, Forest Management, And Alternative Energy, Alexandra N. Neidermeier
Pacific Northwest To New England: Exploring The Intersections Of Invasive Ecology, Forest Management, And Alternative Energy, Alexandra N. Neidermeier
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Invasive species exact important ecologic, economic, and cultural tolls in forests. This research focused on the intersections of invasive ecology, forest management, and a forest commodity. Invasive ecology was explored through an assessment of two potential biological control agents of hemlock woolly adelgid. The two species of silver fly (Leucopis spp.) from the Pacific Northwest were first examined for temporal resource partitioning patterns. The niches of these species were then examined spatially by developing a species distribution model. Leucopis spp. exhibited sinusoidal patterns of daily emergence when examined over a 29-day period, with peak daily abundances that were inversely related. …
Yes, You Can Eat That: How Communities That Forage In Vermont Interact With Invasive Species, Sheridan Plummer
Yes, You Can Eat That: How Communities That Forage In Vermont Interact With Invasive Species, Sheridan Plummer
Environmental Studies Electronic Thesis Collection
Invasive species have permanently altered the world, both socially and ecologically, and the rate of introductions shows no sign of slowing down in the future. In Vermont, foragers are in regular contact with these introduced species and can play an integral role in their removal through the gathering, harvesting, and consumption of edible invasive plants. Through questionnaires to the public, in-depth interviews with foraging experts, and participation in community herb walks and plant harvesting, I explored perspectives on foraging in Vermont and its relation to the collection and consumption of invasive plant species. By interpreting the feedback, responses, and observations …
Spawning Site Selection And Fry Development Of Invasive Lake Trout In Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Lee Simard
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Since their discovery in Yellowstone Lake in 1994, Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) have been the object of an intensive gillnet suppression program due to their predation on native Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri). Managers are also interested in targeting early life stages to augment suppression. A benthic sled was used to sample for Lake Trout eggs at 24 locations, hypothesized to be spawning sites, that encompassed a range of depths, slopes, and substrate composition to determine the location and characteristics of spawning sites in Yellowstone Lake. Lake Trout eggs were collected at seven sites, five of which had not …
Invasive Plant Ecology In Vermont: Insights From Spatial Analysis And Interactions Of Garlic Mustard (Alliaria Petiolata) With Native Plants And Invertebrates, Chenin Kathleen Limback
Invasive Plant Ecology In Vermont: Insights From Spatial Analysis And Interactions Of Garlic Mustard (Alliaria Petiolata) With Native Plants And Invertebrates, Chenin Kathleen Limback
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
Causes and patterns of invasive plant species establishment and success depend broadly upon their ecology, including habitat suitability and interactions with other plants and animals. Here I examine the traits and distribution of invasive plants in Vermont, using spatial analysis, laboratory and field studies. I used GIS to investigate environmental factors correlated with presence of 19 invasive plant species in Vermont campgrounds. My results support the assumption that human dispersal of invasive plant seed and stock may be more important than natural dispersal of these plant species to new sites. I also investigate in-depth the relationships of invasive herbaceous garlic …
Are Genes Faster Than Crabs? Mitochondrial Introgression Exceeds Larval Dispersal During Population Expansion Of The Invasive Crab Carcinus Maenas, John A. Darling, Yi Hsin Erica Tsai, April M.H. Blakeslee, Joe Roman
Are Genes Faster Than Crabs? Mitochondrial Introgression Exceeds Larval Dispersal During Population Expansion Of The Invasive Crab Carcinus Maenas, John A. Darling, Yi Hsin Erica Tsai, April M.H. Blakeslee, Joe Roman
Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources Faculty Publications
Biological invasions offer unique opportunities to investigate evolutionary dynamics at the peripheries of expanding populations. Here, we examine genetic patterns associated with admixture between two distinct invasive lineages of the European green crab, Carcinus maenas L., independently introduced to the northwest Atlantic. Previous investigations based on mitochondrial DNA sequences demonstrated that larval dispersal driven by advective currents could explain observed southward displacement of an admixture zone between the two invasions. Comparison of published mitochondrial results with new nuclear data from nine microsatellite loci, however, reveals striking discordance in their introgression patterns. Specifically, introgression of mitochondrial genomes relative to nuclear background …
The Limits To Prediction In Ecological Systems, Brian Beckage, Louis J. Gross, Stuart Kauffman
The Limits To Prediction In Ecological Systems, Brian Beckage, Louis J. Gross, Stuart Kauffman
College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Faculty Publications
Predicting the future trajectories of ecological systems is increasingly important as the magnitude of anthropogenic perturbation of the earth systems grows.We distinguish between two types of predictability: the intrinsic or theoretical predictability of a system and the realized predictability that is achieved using available models and parameterizations. We contend that there are strong limits on the intrinsic predictability of ecological systems that arise from inherent characteristics of biological systems. While the realized predictability of ecological systems can be limited by process and parameter misspecification or uncertainty, we argue that the intrinsic predictability of ecological systems is widely and strongly limited …
Transient Social-Ecological Stability: The Effects Of Invasive Species And Ecosystem Restoration On Nutrient Management Compromise In Lake Erie, Eric D. Roy, Jay F. Martin, Elena G. Irwin, Joseph D. Conroy, David A. Culver
Transient Social-Ecological Stability: The Effects Of Invasive Species And Ecosystem Restoration On Nutrient Management Compromise In Lake Erie, Eric D. Roy, Jay F. Martin, Elena G. Irwin, Joseph D. Conroy, David A. Culver
Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources Faculty Publications
Together, lake ecosystems and local human activity form complex social-ecological systems (SESs) characterized by feedback loops and discontinuous change. Researchers in diverse fields have suggested that complex systems do not have single stable equilibria in the long term because of inevitable perturbation. During this study, we sought to address the general question of whether or not stable social-ecological equilibria exist in highly stressed and managed lacustrine systems. Using an integrated human-biophysical model, we investigated the impacts of a species invasion and ecosystem restoration on SES equilibrium, defined here as a compromise in phosphorus management among opposing stakeholders, in western Lake …