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Articles 1 - 30 of 50
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Letter From The Editor, Lisa Taylor Hudson
Letter From The Editor, Lisa Taylor Hudson
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Welcome to third issue of The Richmond Journal of Law & Technology's 1999-2000 publication period. In its fifth year of operation, the Journal is experiencing growth and exposure that many never believed possible. As the fifth Editor-in-Chief of the Journal, I have had the unique opportunity to observe an exponential growth pattern for our review that spans the globe - from Switzerland to Malaysia.
Aclu V. Reno: Congress Places Speed Bumps On The Information Superhighway, Dharmesh S. Vashee
Aclu V. Reno: Congress Places Speed Bumps On The Information Superhighway, Dharmesh S. Vashee
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
In 1996, Congress passed the Communications Decency Act ("CDA") in an effort to regulate indecent speech on the Internet. Through the CDA, Congress sought to protect children from easily accessible, harmful materials on the Internet. In spirit, the law had noble intentions; however, on its face, the CDA raised serious constitutional questions and was immediately challenged by First Amendment advocates in ACLU v. Reno ("Reno I"). Using broad and vague terms such as "indecent" and "patently offensive," the CDA threatened to restrict adult access to a tremendous amount of speech that was constitutionally protected. Additionally, through the imposition of criminal …
Using The Digital Millennium Copyright Act To Limit Potential Copyright Liability Online, Jonathan A. Friedman, Francis M. Buono
Using The Digital Millennium Copyright Act To Limit Potential Copyright Liability Online, Jonathan A. Friedman, Francis M. Buono
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Any online service provider ("OSP"), including a website operator, that accepts user postings or includes content from other parties on its website or online service is at risk that it will be held liable if such third-party content infringes the copyright of another party. Liability for copyright infringement is an expensive proposition and can run into the millions of dollars. Thus, an OSP must be vigilant in limiting its potential liability in connection with such third-party content.
Y2k …Who Cares? We Have Bigger Problems: Choice Of Law In Electronic Contracts, Aristotle G. Mirzaian
Y2k …Who Cares? We Have Bigger Problems: Choice Of Law In Electronic Contracts, Aristotle G. Mirzaian
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Every day it becomes more certain that the Internet will take its place alongside the other great transformational technologies that first challenged, and then fundamentally changed, the way things are done in the world.
Administrative Procedure Act Standards Governing Judicial Review Of Findings Of Fact Made By The Patent And Trademark Office, Peter J. Corcoran Iii
Administrative Procedure Act Standards Governing Judicial Review Of Findings Of Fact Made By The Patent And Trademark Office, Peter J. Corcoran Iii
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
The United States Patent and Trademark Office (the "PTO") is one of the oldest agencies in the American administrative system. Throughout the history of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit ("Federal Circuit") and its predecessor courts, the factual decisions of the PTO administrative boards have been reviewed by the same standard that is applied to decisions of district courts. The standard that has been used is the "clearly erroneous" standard, and its use to review PTO decisions dates back over one hundred years.
Internet Taxes: Congressional Efforts To Control States' Ability To Tax The World Wide Web, Kevin J. Smith
Internet Taxes: Congressional Efforts To Control States' Ability To Tax The World Wide Web, Kevin J. Smith
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Every year, increasingly more people use the Internet to purchase goods and services. Internet purchases are expected to exceed $20 billion per year in the near future. By the year 2003, industry experts predict Internet purchases by businesses alone will reach $1.3 trillion. Presently, the majority of Internet sales transactions flow through business to business sites. Internet purchases by consumers are expected to reach $144 billion by the year 2003.
Business Method Patents, John J. Love
Business Method Patents, John J. Love
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Good morning, it's a pleasure to be here alive. We just participated in the daily road race from Washington to Richmond that many of you do every day. The first question I've been asked to deal with is why do we have patents? Of course we're very proud of fact that the PTO's origins date back the Constitution itself. In Article I Section 8 of the Constitution, the framers specifically gave Congress the power to grant inventors, for a limited time, the exclusive right to their inventions. So this is not a product of the industrial revolution but dates back …
Deregulation In Maine: The Why And How, William M. Nugent
Deregulation In Maine: The Why And How, William M. Nugent
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Maine's retail electricity rates - although (on average) the lowest in New England - were in 1997 (the year Maine passed its restructuring legislation) nearly 40 percent higher than the national average. Industrial customers paid rates 40.4 percent above the U.S. average; commercial 36.9 percent more, and residents (i.e., voters) a whopping 51.3 percent more than residential consumers across the country. Place the risks of investment decisions in the market, where they belong. Technological developments (paralleled by changes in national regulatory policy) have erased the natural monopoly nature of the general portion of the electricity industry. Since regulators are not …
Antitrust And Market Power, Milton A. Marquis
Antitrust And Market Power, Milton A. Marquis
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
The antitrust laws have been described as the "Magna Carta of free enterprise."
Report From The Court: State Bans Employees From Indecent Internet Activity: U.S. Fourth Circuit En Banc Hearing Of Urofsky V. Gilmore, Julie A. Roscoe
Report From The Court: State Bans Employees From Indecent Internet Activity: U.S. Fourth Circuit En Banc Hearing Of Urofsky V. Gilmore, Julie A. Roscoe
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
On October 25, 1999 the constitutional debate over a Virginia statute limiting state employees from performing uncensored computer-assisted research resumed before the United States Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. The case in debate is Urofsky v. Gilmore. The statute affects all Virginia state employees, who amount to over 100,000 people.
The Unfinished Business Of Breaking Up "Ma Bell:" Implementing Local Telephone Competition In The Twenty-First Century, Michael T. Osbourne
The Unfinished Business Of Breaking Up "Ma Bell:" Implementing Local Telephone Competition In The Twenty-First Century, Michael T. Osbourne
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Responding to the statutory deadline in the Telecommunications Act of 1996, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released its first Local Competition Order (LCO), In Re Implementation of the Local Competition Provisions in the Telecommunications Act of 1996, First Report and Order, CC Docket No. 96-98 (FCC 96-325), on August 8, 1996. Designed to implement local competition nationwide, this Order in nearly 1500 pages promulgated detailed provisions regarding the relationship between the Regional Bell Operating Companies ("RBOCs") (traditional monopoly providers of local telephone service) and new entrants in local telecommunications. This article focuses on several key provisions in the first LCO …
Opening Remarks At The Ninth Annual Austin Owen Symposium, John Plunkett
Opening Remarks At The Ninth Annual Austin Owen Symposium, John Plunkett
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Let me say it's a pleasure to be here. It's both a privilege and a pleasure to have the opportunity to speak with you on topics certainly near and dear to my heart having to do with technology. It is a pleasure for me to welcome you to the 9th Annual Austin Owen Lecture, and to welcome you to my alma mater. It's a pleasure for me to be back here on this campus almost weekly, participating in a variety of different activities.
Electric Choice In Pennsylvania, Brian D. Crowe
Electric Choice In Pennsylvania, Brian D. Crowe
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Implementing Electric Choice
Market Power And Antitrust Issues In The Restructuring Of The Electric Industry, David L. Cruthirds
Market Power And Antitrust Issues In The Restructuring Of The Electric Industry, David L. Cruthirds
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Dynegy is one of the country's leading energy merchants - formerly NGC Corporation and Natural Gas Clearinghouse.
Why Urofsky V. Gilmore Still Fails To Satisfy, Michael D. Hancock
Why Urofsky V. Gilmore Still Fails To Satisfy, Michael D. Hancock
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit appears to have adopted the rule that any speech uttered by a governmental employee, in the course of performing the work for which the employee was hired, is per se not a "matter of public concern." A majority of the court relies on its holdings in DiMeglio v. Haines and Boring v. Buncombe Co. Bd. of Educ. for that proposition. That fact was evident in questioning from the en banc panel of the Fourth Circuit during its rehearing of Urofsky v. Gilmore on October 25, 1999. At issue was the …
The Y2k Problem: Proposed Statute To Guide Triers Of Fact In Determinations Of Negligence, William D. Horgan
The Y2k Problem: Proposed Statute To Guide Triers Of Fact In Determinations Of Negligence, William D. Horgan
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Following the coming new year, the Y2K Problem will create problems worldwide. While the exact extent of its harm is open to debate, there is no disagreement over its inevitability. In fact, some computer-related companies (including the makers of Norton Anti-Virus and Quicken for Windows have already been sued for damages arising from allegedly non-Y2K-compliant products. While various actors at all levels of business and government will be subject to legal liability for such malfunctions, this article will examine the legal liability of software producers and engineers under current remedial theories. Software manufacturers are a logical choice for this examination …
The Developing Legal Infrastructure And The Globalization Of Information: Constructing A Framework For Critical Choices In The New Millennium Internet -- Character, Content And Confusion, Tomas A. Lipinski
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
This paper reviews recent attempts to extend traditional property rights and other information controls and regulations into new media, such as cyberspace, primarily the World Wide Web. It reviews developments in copyright, trademark, trademark dilution, misappropriation, trespass, censorship, tort, privacy and other legal doctrines as they are reflected in recent United States case law and legislation, and to a lesser extent, in international agreements. Legal problems often arise because there is a conflict of viewpoints in how to best characterize space on the Internet, specifically the World Wide Web. Some argue that traditional ownership rights should apply, or perhaps a …
One Professor's Approach To Increasing Technology Use In Legal Education, Shelley Ross Saxer
One Professor's Approach To Increasing Technology Use In Legal Education, Shelley Ross Saxer
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Legal educators must increase the use of technology in legal education today Although some legal educators may disagree vehemently with this statement, most have accepted the fact that technology has and will become an even greater part of the fabric of our learning institutions. Students in kindergarten spend some portion of their week in the computer lab. By the time kids reach their middle- and high-school years, many are well-versed in word processing programs, e-mail, and surfing the Internet. Elementary school teachers are trained and encouraged to use multi-media software, the Internet, and other technology in their classrooms because not …
Praying For Relief: The Impact Of Secular Organizations On Internet And Trademark Law, Ramona Leigh Taylor
Praying For Relief: The Impact Of Secular Organizations On Internet And Trademark Law, Ramona Leigh Taylor
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
"The creation and rapid growth of the Internet have been 'hailed' [as] one of the greatest technological advances in recent history,” remarked one scholar of Internet law and jurisdiction. The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals characterizes the Internet as "a global network of interconnected computers allow[ing] individuals and organizations around the world to communicate with one another." It is, therefore, not surprising that the Internet impacts every aspect of our daily lives. The Web is the fastest growing part of the Internet, and thus, an important mechanism for commerce. Authors Joseph Zammit and Lynette Herscha explain, "[t]he rapid growth in …
Dna Fingerprinting - Justifying The Special Need For The Fourth Amendment's Intrusion Into The Zone Of Privacy, Deborah F. Barfield
Dna Fingerprinting - Justifying The Special Need For The Fourth Amendment's Intrusion Into The Zone Of Privacy, Deborah F. Barfield
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
The Fourth Amendment prohibits the government from conducting unreasonable searches and seizures.When claims arise against the government's Fourth Amendment transgressions, usually those claims turn on interpretation of the term "reasonable." Traditionally, a search and seizure conducted under the authority of a judicial warrant for "probable cause" is unquestionably reasonable.In some, albeit very limited, types of searches reasonableness is met with at least "individualized suspicion."When searches intrude into the human body, however, they implicate a person's most deep-rooted expectation of privacy - the right to be left alone.
Consumer Privacy, James M. Mccauley
Consumer Privacy, James M. Mccauley
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Pretty scary. This whole business of technology and privacy. I don't know about you but it makes me think about that John Grimes song where he wanted to blow up the TV, throw away the paper, and move to the country. I think that there are probably some things that we can do and that we cannot do. One of the things that comes to mind in listening to my colleagues talk about the shutdown of the dotcoms, last year Congress overhauled the 65 year prohibition against insurance companies not being permitted to get involved in financial services and banking. …
Ucita: The Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act, Michael J. Lockerby
Ucita: The Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act, Michael J. Lockerby
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
From the heated rhetoric of both proponents and opponents of UCITA, one would think that UCITA represented a radical change from current law. From the standpoint of this practitioner, however, UCITA represents more of an evolutionary than a revolutionary change in the law. In at least three critical areas, the enforceability of "paperless contracts," dispute resolution, and "self-help" remedies, UCITA is arguably consistent with current law or at least the trend of current law. Indeed, the main inconsistency between UCITA and current law is that current law is at times inconsistent. From the standpoint of most businesses, certainty is preferable …
Pennsylvania's Record, John Hanger
Pennsylvania's Record, John Hanger
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
John Hanger's outline of the Pennsylvania energy market.
Alliance Management: The Journey Towards Partnerships, Robert E. Spekman
Alliance Management: The Journey Towards Partnerships, Robert E. Spekman
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Mr. Spekman discusses corporate alliances.
From The Back Office To The Front Lines, David F. Koogler
From The Back Office To The Front Lines, David F. Koogler
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Communication between parties in the emerging era of electric utility deregulation and competition is critical. In the past, communication within the electric utility business was simple and involved low-tech solutions such as voice communication over telephones, fax machines, computer-to-computer communications over modems, and even "snail mail."
Ethical Challenges Of Restructuring For Lawyers: Lawyer/Client Loyalty In A Rapidly Evolving Industry, Robert E. Eicher
Ethical Challenges Of Restructuring For Lawyers: Lawyer/Client Loyalty In A Rapidly Evolving Industry, Robert E. Eicher
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
This article is the outline of Mr. Eicher's speech.
Letter From The Editor, Lisa Taylor Hudson
Letter From The Editor, Lisa Taylor Hudson
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Welcome to the fourth issue of The Richmond Journal of Law & Technology. By now, we have all emerged from the "Y2K Crisis" unscathed. In fact, for many, the advent of the new year and new millennium was utterly uneventful technologically. However, this new year is not without its own fanfare for The Journal, for 2000 marks the first time this law review has published a fourth issue in a single academic term. Furthermore, we are even entrenched in the publication process for a fifth issue already. We continue to work hard to produce these timely, insightful, and scholarly publications, …
Letter From The Editor, Lisa Taylor Hudson, Dharmesh S. Vashee
Letter From The Editor, Lisa Taylor Hudson, Dharmesh S. Vashee
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Welcome to the fifth issue of The Richmond Journal of Law & Technology! This issue represents a watershed experience for JOLT, as this is the first time we have published more than three issues in a single year! The timing of this issue's publication is also significant because on April 5, 2000, we will celebrate the fifth birthday of our journal. As the oldest exclusively online law review in the U.S., we continue to enjoy our leadership role in the publication of academic pieces dedicated to the marriage of law and technology.
Metatags: Seeking To Evade User Detection And The Lanham Act, Terrell W. Mills
Metatags: Seeking To Evade User Detection And The Lanham Act, Terrell W. Mills
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
You hop on the World Wide Web ready to do some Internet surfing. You decide to check the scores from last night's football game. You head to your favorite search engine and then pause . . . "where will the scores be" you ask yourself. You decide upon ESPN, because you know they have it all when it comes to sports. So, you type in ESPN and click on the "SEARCH" button. You eagerly await the return of the results to head out to the ESPN homepage to find out if your alma mater beat the in-state rival in the …