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The Effects Of Age At The Beginning Of Reading Instruction On Reading Achievement, Phyllis G. Wacker

Master's Theses

Hunt (1961) found that in lower socio-economio groups training provided by the child' s natural environment was often too haphazard for the efficient development of ideas of which he is capable. Limited experiences, or few "learning sets" may be the cause of lack of achievement. These questions led the experimenter, a year later, to undertake a study of these children after each had had two years of formal, in school, reading instruct ion, and to test the following hypotheses:

1. Four groups of children who had entered school at the same time, but at four different ages, would differ significantly …

The Impact Of The Telephone Industry On The Economy Of Virginia, Homer W. Marshall Jr

Master's Theses

There are forty-two independent telephone companies and the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company of Virginia currently providing telephone services throughout the State of Virginia. The general goal of this study is to establish the economic nature and significance of the telephone industry on the State of Virginia. The basic function of this industry is to provide an increasingly vital service - communications within and between areas of the State, The United States, and foreign countries. Some of the background conditions covered in this study, as well as findings, are mentioned in this introduction as an invitation to the reader to …

Historic Richmond Foundation, Ernest H. Mason

Master's Theses

Facing northwest in the twenty-four hundred block of East Broad and Grace Streets in Richmond, Virginia is St. John's Church which occupies, with its cemetery and dependent appurtenances, an entire city block or one sixteenth of a square mile. Over the eastern skyline of the city, the building loses its identity; even its spire is hidden by an intricate maze of buildings of less traditional import. The white frame steeple is a nationwide symbol of the active thought and spoken word which led to the American Revolution, for from its chancel to the occupants of its high paneled pews, Patrick …

A Survey Of The Attitudes Of Virginia's Teachers Concerning Merit Pay, Ira J. Mitchell

Master's Theses

The interest shown by the public in demanding quality in education is evidenced by the number of articles appearing in newspapers and magazines. In order that quality be developed and maintained, school system will undoubtedly have to find a means of attracting and holding superior teachers. One means by which some school systems might meet this challenge would be the establishment of a pay system which would be on a competitive basis with that of the business world. The purpose of this survey is to study the attitudes of Virginia teachers on merit pay. It is hoped that, after this …

Washington Irving: Artist Of The Picturesque, Dana Dewey Woody

Master's Theses

Living in the period of romanticism in art and literature, Irving reflects the spirit and taste of the times. His choice of subject matter and his attitude toward it were romantic. He wrote about things that were old, unusual and strange-Spanish castles, English churches and manor houses, Hudson River area legends and traditions. He found nature delightful and was sympathetic toward humble creatures, such as the noble savage and animals.

Art of the romantic period pleased without disturbing and pictured common human situations, painted sentimentally and with a touch of humor. The beauty of primeval nature was painted with tenderness …

The Educational Program For The Mentally Retarded In Henrico County (Virginia) Public Schools, Betty Parrish Knott

Master's Theses

It was the purpose or this study (1) to review the growth which has taken place in educating the mentally retarded in the public schools on a national and state level; (2) to review the actions being taken in Virginia colleges and universities to educate teachers in the field of mental retardation; (3) to investigate Henrico County's educational. Program for the mentally retarded; and (4) to determine the number of fourth, fifth and sixth grade pupils in Henrico County who need screening for possible admission into Special Education Classes.

The Movement For Home Rule In Prince Georges County, Maryland 1961-1964, Paul A. Clark Jr.

Master's Theses

The purpose of this paper has been to trace the movement for constitutional home rule in Prince Georges County, Maryland. Special attention has been given to the effects of the movement on Prince Georges County government. As a conclusion to this study, several more recommendations are suggested as improvements on the local government administration.

A Survey Of The Administration Of Noninstructional Personnel In The Richmond Public Schools And Other School Divisions With Comparable Enrollments, Harold David Gibson

Master's Theses

School personnel administration.is concerned with two basic categories of employees: teaching and nonteaching or instructional and noninstructional. How they differ in definition and classification and which employees of a school division fall into the respective categories, especially the noninstructional classification, is the purpose for the survey to be reported in the succeeding chapters of this investigation. Little or no professional literature· exists to clarify this issue. Consequently, 'it is the desire of the writer to report and analyze what is presently being done in the administration of noninstructional employees.

The Military Occupation Of Richmond, 1865-1870, Richard M. Duggan

Master's Theses

It has been my hope to present this paper as a part of the historical portrayal of the U. S. Amy's experience with ''military government and civil affairs." With this view in mind, I have devoted the first chapter to a brief history of the army's occupation experiences, especially through the Civil War. Additionally, I have attempted to define and clarify several terms used to differentiate the use of military authority.

More specifically, the purpose of this thesis is to determine the extent of military control affecting the govermant of Richmond during the 1865-1870 period following the Civil War. l …

A History And Analysis Of Negro Newspapers In Virginia, Ronald E. Cutler

Master's Theses

The scope of this paper is not to present a chronological account of the Negro press in Virginia but it ls desired to explore briefly the history of the Negro press and its growth with special attention on editorial policies and general content. The greatest emphasis will be directed on the Negro press during times of crisis after 1900. These periods include the Constitutional Convention,1901-1902, World War I, the depression, World War II, the present day press and the dilemmas which the Negro press faces in the future.

Potential Neoplasm Inhibitors, Andrew G. Bachmann

Master's Theses

The historical portion of this paper is designed to show the value of mustard compounds in the treatment of cancer and the methods used to take advantage of various exploit­ able variants between normal tissue and cancerous tissue.

The experimental section is an effort to evaluate and take advantage of the variant of pH.

An Experiment In Group Counseling At John Marshall High School, Richmond, Virginia, Daniel S. Marshall

Master's Theses

A request was made by the principal of John Marshall High School to the guidance staff that experimentation be done in the area of group counseling. The writer, who had previously served on the guidance staff and subsequently as a teacher, agreed to coordinate the experiment. In addition to the coordinator, two teachers and two counselors assisted in the implementation and performance of the experiment.

The objective of the experiment was to see whether there was improvement in citizenship and academic achievement manifested as a result of the experiment in group counseling of problem students. With this objective in mind …

The Behavioral Effects Of Partial Reinforcement As A Function Of The Stimulus Similarity Of The Intertrial Interval, Dennis L. Mclaughlin

Master's Theses

Although Pavlov (1927) and Skinner (1938) had published articles dealing with the effects of less than 100% reinforcement upon acquisition and extinction, it was not until the Humphrey's investigation (1939) that partial reinforcement became an enigma for leaning theorists. Hull's theory came under the sharpest criticism because with a decrease in the number of reinforcement in acquisition there was not a corresponding decrease in habit strength as measured by resistance to extinction. Despite much criticism, Hull did not deet it necessary to consider the problem of partial reinforcement in his Principles of Behavior (1943). Humphreys, on the other hand, proposed …

Shakespeare's Use Of Letters In Twelve Representative Plays, Clara Beery Mcilwraith

Master's Theses

The purpose of this study of Shakespeare's use of letters is twofold. First, representative plays will be examined to determine some of the ways in which letters contributed to such important elements as plot structure, character delineation, creation of atmosphere, heightening of suspense, or a combination of two or more of these and possibly other uses. In addition, the letters will be studied for the evidence they may furnish in themselves, of the development of Shakespeare's dramatic technique and artistry.

The Hitler-Youth In The Third Reich, David Crawford Poteet

Master's Theses

This work attempts to answer, at least in part, two specific questions: why did the Hitler-Youth arise, and what was it? Any judgement which this paper offers as to why the Hitler-Youth arose by all rights should be questioned. Probably it is too soon to attempt such an analysis. But if attempts were never made, the criticism, which almost invariably results in further thinking and perhaps firmer conclusions would have no point at which to begin.

Cognitive Dissonance In Task-Orientedgroups Under Intermittent And Continuous Success, Arthur Hiram Strock Ii

Master's Theses

In a recent study by Burke (1961), the psychological effects of participation in task-oriented groups were studied. This study incorporated selected communication networks, the wheel, circle, and the all-channel, from a number of experimental arrangements that were conceived and developed by Bavelas (1950). Burke’s eighteen five-man groups were seated at a partitioned table containing slots in a center post through which written messages could be sent. This apparatus was similar in design to the table first used and described by Leavitt (1951). The groups worked on a task that required the members to find one symbol among five that was …

Mencius -- Political Philosophy, Chi-Hsiung Shih

Master's Theses

Chinese civilization has strongly influenced Asia since its establishment roughly about .four thousand years ago. The influences have penetrated tho Asiatic countries through the ages and all the traces could be found in history. There is a saying that East is East and West is West. In the so-called East or oriental civilization, the Chinese part of contribution occupies its backbone.

Western civilization usually could be defined with the combination or three parts namely 'democracy', 'sciences' and 'Christianity'. The first two parts can be further traced to the pre-Platonic period in Greece; ·while tho third part was, of course, the …

Some Morphological And Histological Effects Of The Poison Of Lophopodella Carteri (Hyatt) On Young Ambystoma Opacum (Gravenhorst) And Carassius Auratus (Linnaeus), Eric Justin Collins

Master's Theses

Larvae of the marbled salamander, Ambystoma onscum, and the goldfish, Carassius auratus, were subjected to poi­ soning by homogenates of Lonhopodella carteri. Stock homogenates were prepared by grinding specimens of frozen L. carteri in a rotary blender and adding distilled water to give a 20 percent concentration (wt./vol.); the stock was used to prepare working solutions.

Homogenates from bryozoans collected in 1964 were approximately twice as poisonous as those from the 1963 col­ lection. It ls possible that chemical changes during stor­ age and bacterial action prior to freezing caused deterioration of the poisonous principle in the material from 1963. …

Richmond's Reaction To Abraham Lincoln : From November 1860 - March 1881, James Alexander Deangelis

Master's Theses

I have endeavored to give an account of Richmond's reaction to Abraham Lincoln from his election in November, 1860, to his inauguration on March 4, 1861. I have also tried to emphasize the reaction in Richmond because it represented not only the attitude in Virginia but in many respects the upper South as a whole.

The paper is divided into two principal parts, each divided into three chapters. The first area concerns the effect of Lincoln's election on the people of Richmond. This is discussed in three chapters; the first, a study of the background events leading up to the …

The Method In Beckett's Madness : A Critical Study Of Samuel Beckett's Drama, Robert Grattan

Master's Theses

This paper presents an argument for a better under­ standing of Samuel Beckett's drama, a type of drama which is typical of our modern world, a drama of experimenta tion, of revolt, and of paradoxes. This is the Theater of the Absurd.

An Account Of Measurements Of The Mean Range Of Polonium-210 Alpha Particles In Liquid Water, Clyde Eugene Moss Jr.

Master's Theses

A comprehensive account of seven previous measurements of the mean range of Polonum-210 alpha particles in liquid water is presented. Suggestions for obtaining more accurate range measurements are made. The importance of the mean range value to radiobiology is mentioned.

A Study Of The Occupational Pattern Of The Presbyterian Ministry Of The Synod Of North Carolina, James F. Hubbard

Master's Theses

The Synod of North Carolina of the Presbyterian Church in the United States operates a Guidance Center on the campus of st. Andrews Presbyterian College at Laurinburg, North Carolina. Similar centers are in operation in other states by the appropriate Synod of the church. It is the task or these centers to provide a program or testing and counseling for high school Juniors and Seniors from local churches throughout the state. Candidates for the ministry are also examined and reports made to the Presbytery in charge. The emphasis is upon vocational and educational guidance. The Guidance Center in North Carolina …

Henrik Ibsen And Thomas Hardy : A Sociological Comparison, Garland Karr Linkous Jr.

Master's Theses

Although much has been written about the plays of Henrik Ibsen and the novels of Thomas Hardy, there have been no notable comparisons of the works of the two men, perhaps because they wrote in the two different media. Another possible explanation is the fact that Ibsen is universally regarded as the father of modern drama, but Hardy's status-whether he is the last Victorian novelist or the first modern one-is disputed. It is the purpose of this paper to demonstrate, by comparison, that Hardy should very definitely be classed with the modern, realistic writers.

The final Chapter of this paper …

Percina Notogramma Montuosa Hogarth, A New Subspecies Of A Percid Fish From The Upper James River, William Thomas Hogarth

Master's Theses

Percina notogramma montuosa is described from 50 specimens taken in the tributaries of the upper James River. It is best separated from Percina notogramma notogramma, which inhabits the lower James, Rappahannock, York, Potomac and Patuxent rivers, on the basis of lateral-line scales (average difference 89%) and scales around the caudal peduncle (average difference 79%). A comparison of the meristic indices resulted in an average difference of 89%. A total of 18 out of 31 meristic and proportional characters were found to give significant differences.

The relatively few specimens from the Rappahannock, Potomac and Patuxent rivers precluded an intensive investigation of …

Presentation Factors As Critical Variables In Learning By Program, Guide, And Self Study, Charles Holman Jennings

Master's Theses

Visionary suggestions for improving formal education are now at last becoming realities. More and better equipped plants are rising. Teachers' salaries are on the increase. More updated text books are available. Ability grouping is Widely practiced. A wider range and greater depth or course offerings enhances the high school curricula. Increased alumni contributions and government grants are leading to expansion of staff and facilities at the college level. However, none of these consider how a student learns. Thus none copes directly with the most basic o! needs, that of making the teaching-learning process itself more effective and efficient. The approach …

Benjamin Harrison, Governor Of Virginia 1781-1784, Sara Etheredge Teeter

Master's Theses

The purpose of this research has been to study in detail the administration of Benjamin Harrison as governor of Virginia from November, 1781 to November, 1784.

The work of any governor is influenced to a great degree by the political, economic, and social conditions of the society in which he serves, and by the character of the man himself. Therefore, the first chapter of the study presents a summary of conditions in Virginia at that time, and the second delineates the man his family background, his political experiences, and his character traits.

The third chapter examines Harrison's administration as governor, …

Agricultural Society Of Albemarle County, Virginia, G. Harold Williams

Master's Theses

The agricultural society which took the lead in this second movement was the Agricultural Society of Albemarle; an organization founded by professional men who desired to bring about agricultural reform for all the people in Virginia. A long list of accomplishments occurred during the years in which the society prospered, and some of the key agricultural reforms were introduced at their meetings. The decline of the Society came in late 1841 when a new and informal organisation began to draw members from the more loosely formed Albemarle Society. Prosperity was brought to Albemarle County by the Society and its accomplishments …

A Comparative Study Of The Ability And Achievement Of Pupils In The Graded And Nongraded Plans Of Organization In The Same School, Alice Gates Goodman

Master's Theses

It was the purpose of this study to compare the pupils in the graded plan of organization with the pupils in the nongraded plan of organization with reference to their ability and achievement.

The findings of this study implied that (1) the effectiveness of any plan of organization was dependent on the people who carried out the program and not on an administrative change in the organisational structure of the school, (2) high pupil achievement was not limited to any one plan of organization, (3) a comparison of test scores did not always indicate whether a particular plan of organization …

An Evaluation Of Materials Handling Equipment In General Merchandise Warehouses Richmond, Va., Donald Henderson Bowles

Master's Theses

Like most persons exploring a new and unknown field, the writer did not know, at the start, in which directions his research might take him, how far it might lead or what he would find.

The stated purpose of the study was to learn what methods and which types of equipment for handling materials were being used currently in general merchandise warehouses in Richmond. The stated objectives were to make a comparison between methods and equipment being used in Richmond and to evaluate them in light of these methods and types of equipment which were considered best by the authorities …

A Comparison Of The Responses Of Achievers And Underachievers In A Junior High School On A Biographical Questionnaire, Claude Ashburn Sandy

Master's Theses

The purpose of the present study is to discover some of the biographical factors (personal, family, and environmental) which are characteristic of a majority of underachievers in junior high school. The discovery of these factors may lead to the development of an instrument which would assist in the detection, early in school, of an underachieving predisposition. This seems to be a logical possibility in view of a study by Shaw and Mccuen (1960). Their results indicated individual patterns of academic achievement for male and female underachievers beginning early in elementary school. Further, the classification of these factors by content may …