Digital Commons Network^™

Reimagining Langdell's Legacy: Puncturing The Equilibrium In Law School Pedagogy, Laura A. Webb

Law Faculty Publications

For more than 150 years, legal education has largely followed the course charted by Christopher Columbus Langdell when he became dean of Harvard Law School in 1870. Langdell’s innovations included the case method, high-stakes summative assessments, and preferences for faculty members with experience in “learning law” rather than practicing it. His proposals were innovative and responsive to challenges in legal education at the time, but this Article argues that taking Langdell’s approach to reform—including a willingness toimplement radical changes in the face of institutional shortcomings—requires reimagining his methods for the benefit of today’s students. We identify key deficiencies of the …

Death Penalty Exceptionalism And Administrative Law, Corinna Lain

Law Faculty Publications

"In the world of capital punishment, the oft-repeated refrain “death is different” stands for the notion that when the state exercises its most awesome power—the power to take human life—every procedural protection should be provided. Every safeguard should be met. Granted, doing so makes the death penalty cumbersome. And granted, it slows what Justice Blackmun famously called “the machinery of death.” But when the stakes are literally life and death, the idea is that we ought to make sure that whatever the state does, it does right.

Scholars have lamented the way that this idea of death penalty exceptionalism has …

Speaking The Truth: Supporting Authentic Advocacy With Professional Identity Formation, Laura A. Webb

Law Faculty Publications

When law students are asked to articulate legal rules in a persuasive communication such as a brief, they may experience internal tension. Their version of the rule, as framed to benefit a particular client’s position, may be different from the way they would articulate the rule if they were not taking on an advocate’s role. The conflict between those two versions of a legal rule leads some students to wonder if advocacy itself is deceptive, if an advocate’s role requires one to sacrifice ethics for success, and if ancient Greek philosophers were correct when they derided persuasive communication as “trickery …

Gender Disparity In Law Review Citation Rates, Christopher A. Cotropia

Law Faculty Publications

Gender disparity in scholarly influence – measured in terms of differential citation to academic work – has been widely documented. The weight of the evidence is that, in many fields of academic inquiry, papers authored by women receive fewer citations than papers authored by men. To investigate whether a similar gender disparity in scholarly influence exists in legal studies we analyze the impact of gender on citation to articles published in top 100 law reviews between 1990 and 2010. We find evidence of gender disparity in citation rates, but in surprising contrast to observations made in other disciplines, we observe …

Avoiding Ethics Complaints: Finding The Rules And Leos, Joyce Manna Janto

Law Faculty Publications

One nightmare shared by all lawyers is the prospect of a letter from the Standing Committee on Lawyer Discipline informing them of a complaint. Prudent lawyers avoid this by becoming familiar with the ethical rules and standards of their jurisdiction. Because, as many a lawyer has learned, ignorance of the rules is no excuse.

Fastcase, Roger V. Skalbeck

Law Faculty Publications

In February 2006, the VSB gave its notice of intent to award a contract to Fastcase, a legal research vendor now based in Washington, D.C. Fastcase provides online legal research services to more than two dozen bar associations and has been the provider of legal research services in Virginia since this original contract award. On January 26, 2016, the VSB published a notice of intent to award Fastcase a new three-year contract with optional one-year renewals. All lawyers admitted to practice in Virginia have access to the Fastcase platform as part of their annual bar dues.

Fastcase is a web-based …

Statutory Law, Kathleen Klepfer, Alexis Fetzer

Law Faculty Publications

This chapter describes the sources of law created by the legislative branch of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The materials include the laws enacted by the Virginia General Assembly, the publications in which those laws are found, and the resources available to assist in interpreting the legislative enactments.

The cardinal rule in Virginia statutory construction is that the statute expresses the intention of the lawmakers. Therefore, it falls upon the courts to ascertain the General Assembly’s intent where that intent becomes important in the application of statutory materials. When researching Virginia statutes, certain principles of interpretation and application must be kept …

Finding And Using Images, While Respecting Copyright, Roger V. Skalbeck

Law Faculty Publications

Text plays a central role in nearly every lawyer’s life. From cases to codes to contracts, words matter tremendously. At times, words alone are insufficient. A well-selected image can evoke emotion and attract attention. While there are literally millions of images online available for use without cost, a well sourced and properly referenced image should recognize and respect the creator’s intellectual property rights. Here are tips for finding and using images, while respecting copyright.

A Guide To Legal Research In Virginia, Joyce Manna Janto

Law Faculty Publications

The primary goal of this new edition of A Guide to Legal Research in Virginia is to expand coverage in several chapters and to add a new chapter covering legal ethics materials. This edition also notes changes in the URLs for many Virginia government websites. Most of these changes are likely based on changes in administrations and technological upgrades. The researcher should be aware that there is a lack of consistency among Virginia government web addresses. Changes in the operation and coverage of the major legal databases are noted where appropriate. Today, Virginia practitioners have a wide variety of resources, …

Gpo’S New Govinfo Site, Paul Birch

Law Faculty Publications

It’s about time. Seven years after its official launch, the Government Printing Office’s rather dated looking FDsys website is soon to have a fresh replacement, https://govinfo.gov. Still in beta testing, the site already bears the rakishly lowercased call-name “govinfo.” Those, like myself, who have been unsure about how to pronounce “FDsys” should be thankful enough for this alone. But GPO has delivered more than just a name change. The forthcoming site is in many ways a vast improvement over its predecessor.

Free Access To Law Of The European Union And Its Member States, Alexis Fetzer

Law Faculty Publications

While Europe may lie across the pond, there are many reasons why today’s practitioner would need to research the law of the European Union or one of its member states. However, with a complex institutional structure and multiple bodies producing various forms of law, researching the law of the EU can seem like a daunting task.

As with any research in an area of unfamiliar law, a good place to begin is with a research guide. Prepared by subject experts, research guides will point to relevant sources for locating primary material and often contain helpful explanations that assist in understanding …

Omg - The Internet Is Amazing, Joyce Manna Janto

Law Faculty Publications

Maybe even more useful than the source lists are the original articles by Rick such as “Federal Administrative Law: A Brief Overview” and “Federal Legislative History Research: A Practitioner’s Guide to Compiling the Documents and Sifting for Legislative Intent.” These publications are invaluable to both the novice and the more experienced researcher who may not conduct legislative research on a regular basis. They keep researchers up to date on what can be found where -- either on free or commercial databases. Using the Source Book is still a way to save valuable research time.

Minor Federal Government Regulatory Agencies, Kathleen Klepfer

Law Faculty Publications

Rick McKinney’s “Federal Administrative Law: A Brief Overview” is a succinct and helpful place to find information about rulemaking, common administrative law statutes, and the major administrative agencies. But what about those unsung heroes, the minor regulatory agencies whose necessity—and sometimes purpose—are lost to history? We propose this addendum to Rick’s article to give a couple of these minor agencies their due.

Preserving The Llsdc Legislative Source Book With Perma.Cc, Roger V. Skalbeck

Law Faculty Publications

With LLSDC’s Legislative Source Book, Rick McKinney was constantly concerned about the collection’s stability, functionality, and availability. With any major revision to the LLSDC.org website, Rick worked to ensure that content was accessible and that he and members of the Legislative Research SIS could keep it updated. In an effort to preserve the Legislative Source Book, the collection’s core elements were captured using the Perma.cc service. These links reference archived versions of each source, presented in parallel to its current form. There is more depth and detail than presented here, which shows the collection’s complex and comprehensive coverage.

Leveraging Narratives: Communicating Value With Qualitative Content, Roger V. Skalbeck

Law Faculty Publications

The contemporary law library is embodied by its information resources, physical space, technology infrastructure, and the people who make it all happen. Each of these elements can change dramatically with new information tools, shifting organizational demands and emerging service models.

Should Your Law Review Article Have An Abstract And Table Of Contents?: An Empirical Analysis, Christopher A. Cotropia

Law Faculty Publications

A review of the relevant literature turned up no studies examining the influence of abstracts on citation to law review articles. Nor were studies found examining the influence of tables of contents. To chart this territory, we explore whether abstracts and tables of contents impact the scholarly influence of academic work in the field of legal studies by using a large sample of law review articles published in top 100 law reviews. Part I describes our methodology while Part II reports the results. Part III summarizes the results and discusses them in view of the title question: should your law …

Honoring Rick Mckinney And Llsdc’S Legislative Source Book, Roger V. Skalbeck, Joyce Manna Janto, Kathleen Klepfer

Law Faculty Publications

In this essay, through three vignettes inspired by the Legislative Source Book, we honor Rick McKinney for his role as the collection’s guiding light and leading author. We also provide a list of permanent links suitable for scholarly citation, where major parts of the collection are now archived online.

National Conference On Copyright Of State Legal Materials, Roger V. Skalbeck

Law Faculty Publications

A surge in legislation and the lawsuits on the copyright status of state legal materials raises concerns about principles of open government and free accessibility and use of these materials. On December 2, 2016, the American Association of Law Libraries (AALL) and Boston University School of Law are convening the National Conference of Copyright in State Legal Materials at BU Law. At this conference, all participants will be able to explore the issues surrounding state legal materials access through parallel goals of: Education, Inspiration, and Conversation.

The Three-Act Argument: How To Write A Law Article That Reads Like A Good Story, Shari Motro

Law Faculty Publications

Why do so many law articles—my own included—leave readers cold? One reason may be that they lack fundamental elements that make up a good story. They lack tension. They lack narrative arc. Over my years teaching seminars and exchanging drafts with colleagues, I’ve developed a recipe that helps me organize ideas into a form that better engages the reader. I’ve also found it to be conducive to a richer, more generative writing process.

The recipe is inspired by guides on dramatic plot. It has three parts: exposition, confrontation, and resolution. The exposition introduces the conflict. In many instances, this conflict …

Scholarship Against Desire, Shari Motro

Law Faculty Publications

This article uses my own experience navigating the law review placement process to reflect on the dynamics that shape intellectual life at American law schools. My recent work focuses on the legal relationship between unmarried lovers who conceive. At its heart, it is about the law’s role in shaping the precursor to pregnancy—heterosexual sex. When I began researching this topic what I was most curious about was how law and culture might conspire to foster connections that are more loving and less violent, more authentic and less alienated. Pursuing this topic—which would entail exploring big existential questions to which I …

International And Foreign Tax Research, Jason Zarin

Law Faculty Publications

Tax research often strikes fear in the heart of lawyer and librarian alike, and foreign and international tax research, doubly-so. Fortunately, the resources available for tax research are top-notch, which should enable your research to proceed painlessly.

This article will look at resources and tools for finding model and in-force bilateral tax treaties; foreign tax law in both English and vernacular; and newsletters for keeping abreast of current issues in international and foreign tax law.

Benefits And Risks Of Legal Research Technologies, Roger V. Skalbeck

Law Faculty Publications

Appreciating Advanced Algorithms Technologies to enable effective legal research are often extremely sophisticated. Many apply advanced algorithms for searching, sorting, and even predict- ing results. Legal professionals need to understand the benefits and risks associated with these technologies. This is not a matter of knowing how queries are processed. Instead, the need is to under- stand the scope of what is being searched and the nature and reliability of results returned.

In August 2012, the American Bar Association amended commentary to Model Rule 1.1 on general competence, stating that “[t]o maintain the requisite knowledge and skill, a lawyer should keep …

The Dominance Of Teams In The Production Of Legal Knowledge, Christopher A. Cotropia

Law Faculty Publications

While collaboration is familiar to some legal researchers, the field, for the most part, does not seem to implicate the large-scale complexity and cost that has become associated with big science. These logistical differences, combined with a very strong cultural preference in legal academic circles for solitary work, could potentially keep team research from dominating the production of legal knowledge to the same extent that it has come to dominate the production of knowledge in other areas. On the other hand, the dominance of team research outputs and a shift towards team research has been observed in social sciences and …

Solving Your Ethical Conundrums: Researching The Rules Of Professional Conduct, Joyce Manna Janto

Law Faculty Publications

Ms. Janto provides a practical guide to researching issues of attorney professional responsibilities using both print and online resources, emphasizing Virginia rules and decisions.

Law Libraries And Options Galore, Gail F. Zwirner

Law Faculty Publications

Ms. Zwirner outlines some of the challenges facing the researcher in deciding which resources to use in pursuing information, and makes a case for the continued value of professional law librarians' insight and experience for assisting in these pursuits.

Virginia Cle Sources: Important Practitioner Tools For Forty Years, Gail F. Zwirner

Law Faculty Publications

Observing the 40th anniversary of the Virginia Law Foundation, Ms. Zwirner highlights some of the foundation's continuing legal education publications of frequent value to practitioners.

This article focuses primarily on the deskbook sources that are the go-to materials in many subject areas for Virginia practitioners. The publisher offers all these sources on CD, USB, or downloads. The titles include the forms that practitioners savor as good starting points for their clients’ needs. These forms account for many reference desk success stories for practitioners who rely on Gouldman’s Virginia Forms and are disappointed when that group does not provide the specificity …

Foreign And International Legal Research, Maureen Moran

Law Faculty Publications

As you have been learning, the American legal system is only one of hundreds in the world. Each of those legal systems has its own rules, sources, and authorities. But these systems do not exist in a vacuum. What rules govern when two or more States or entities interact? What are the enforcement mechanisms? The study of these questions comprises the fields of foreign law and international law. The purpose of this chapter is not to give you a comprehensive review of all the resources available for researching this vast field of law. Rather, the goal is to give you …

Pointing Out The Power Of Prezi, Part I: Why Consider Prezi, Paul M. Birch

Law Faculty Publications

This article introduces Prezi, the online presentation software which has emerged as a most promising alternative to Microsoft PowerPoint. Part I offers a basic description of Prezi, points out widely perceived shortcomings of PowerPoint, and considers whether Prezi can remedy them.

Pointing Out The Power Of Prezi, Part Ii: Learning To Use Prezi, Paul M. Birch

Law Faculty Publications

This article introduces Prezi, the online presentation software which has emerged as a most promising alternative to Microsoft PowerPoint. Part II provides a tutorial designed to acquaint the user with the basic steps in creating a presentation, and offers additional advice for effective use of Prezi.

Research Strategies, Maureen Moran

Law Faculty Publications

It is 3 a .m. and you are up, prepping for class. Again. You have reading to do for Torts, for Contracts, and for Civil Procedure, and if you fall behind even one day, you will be spending hours late at night for the next few days trying to catch up. Or, worse, you will be unprepared and that will be the day your professor will call on you. And to add to your stress, you have a research project for your legal writing class due in less than two days, and you have not even started. Your professor told …