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Articles 1 - 30 of 38
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Do We Need Help Using Yelp? Regulating Advertising On Mediated Reputation Systems, David Adam Friedman
Do We Need Help Using Yelp? Regulating Advertising On Mediated Reputation Systems, David Adam Friedman
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Yelp, Angie’s List, Avvo, and similar entities enable consumers to access an incredibly useful trove of information about peer experiences with businesses and their goods and services. These “mediated reputation systems,” gatherers and disseminators of consumer peer opinions, are more trusted by consumers than traditional commercial channels. They are omnipresent, carried everywhere on mobile devices, and used by consumers ready to transact.
Though this information is valuable, a troubling conflict emerges in its presentation. Most of these reputation platforms rely heavily on advertising sales to support their business models. This reliance compels these entities to display persuasive advertising right along …
Source, Character And Taxable Presence In A Digital World: International Taxation Of Online Advertising, Assaf Prussak
Source, Character And Taxable Presence In A Digital World: International Taxation Of Online Advertising, Assaf Prussak
SJD Dissertations
The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the application of the U.S. and international tax rules and norms to income derived from online advertising, to consider the challenges and problems that arise when these rules are applied to such a purely-digital type of income, to propose an alternative framework for the taxation of online advertising, and to discuss the legislative measures adopted by various countries in an attempt to tax this type of income (and other income derived from digital-based activities).
In All Fairness: Using Political Broadcast Access Doctrine To Tailor Public Campaign Fund Matching, Andrew V. Moshirnia, Aaron T. Dozeman
In All Fairness: Using Political Broadcast Access Doctrine To Tailor Public Campaign Fund Matching, Andrew V. Moshirnia, Aaron T. Dozeman
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Recent United States Supreme Court decisions have undermined the viability of campaign public financing systems, a vital tool for fighting political corruption. First, Citizens United v. FEC allowed privately financed candidates and independent groups to spend unlimited amounts of money on campaigning. Publicly financed candidates now risk being vastly outspent. Second, Arizona Free Enterprise Club’s Freedom PAC v. Bennett invalidated a proportional fund matching system whereby privately financed candidates’ or independent groups’ spending triggered funds to publicly funded candidates. These decisions effectuate a libertarian speech doctrine: all speakers, individual or corporate, must be absolutely unburdened. To comply with this approach, …
Misplaced Misrepresentations: Why Misrepresentation-Of-Age Statutes Must Be Reinterpreted As They Apply To Children’S Online Contracts, Michelle A. Sargent
Misplaced Misrepresentations: Why Misrepresentation-Of-Age Statutes Must Be Reinterpreted As They Apply To Children’S Online Contracts, Michelle A. Sargent
Michigan Law Review
The information age revolutionized the relationship between individuals and the internet. Today, children are the targets of online advertisements that lure them into accepting terms of service, thus entering into online agreements. While children may feel comfortable navigating websites, they are psychologically predisposed to be unsophisticated and impulsive actors online. Children lack the digital literacy to understand the implications of accepting website terms of service. Meanwhile, several states have misrepresentation-of-age statutes that prevent children from using the infancy doctrine to disaffirm online contracts because, in accepting the terms of service, children often represent that they are old enough to enter …
Marketing And Outreach In Law Libraries: A White Paper, Amanda Runyon, All-Sis Task Force On Library Marketing And Outreach
Marketing And Outreach In Law Libraries: A White Paper, Amanda Runyon, All-Sis Task Force On Library Marketing And Outreach
Law Librarian Scholarship
In recent years, libraries have turned to marketing and outreach to better educate library users about services and resources while gaining an understanding of their needs. Marketing and outreach are relatively new concepts in academic law libraries, and librarians tasked with these functions have found resources and examples of this type of work to be lacking. Though focused on academic law libraries, the article identifies the challenges facing all law libraries, explains why libraries need marketing and outreach plans, and provides examples of marketing and outreach successes.
A Path Toward User Control Of Online Profiling, Tracy A. Steindel
A Path Toward User Control Of Online Profiling, Tracy A. Steindel
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
Online profiling is "the practice of tracking information about consumers' interests by monitoring their movements online." A primary purpose of online profiling is to "deliver advertising tailored to the individual's interests," a practice known as online behavioral advertising (OBA). In order to accomplish this, publishers and advertisers track a individual's online behavior using cookies and other means. Publishers and advertisers aggregate the information, often compile it with information from offline sources, and sort individuals into groups based on characteristics such as age, income, and hobbies. Advertisers can then purchase access to these consumer groups, controlling their selections with such specificity …
Getting Law Students Into The Law Library: The University Of Michigan Succeeds With A Plan, Jennifer L. Selby
Getting Law Students Into The Law Library: The University Of Michigan Succeeds With A Plan, Jennifer L. Selby
Law Librarian Scholarship
The goal of the University of Michigan Law Library's Awareness Campaign was to raise the consciousness of law students about the many ways in which librarians here can help them succeed as students now and as lawyers later. We sought to increase the number of students using the library. We wanted to get them physically into the library, and, once here, we wanted to increase students' use of the library's services: reference and circulation services, research consultations; our multitude of web-based resources, including our online research guides, book sts, and tutorials; group study rooms, etc. Not onl did we strive …
Google Adwords: Trademark Infringer Or Trade Liberalizer, Ashley Tan
Google Adwords: Trademark Infringer Or Trade Liberalizer, Ashley Tan
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
Google is the world's most preferred search engine, with an audience share of eighty percent of Internet users worldwide. With so many people browsing its search results, Google is a natural advertising vehicle, and it has exploited this quality to become one of the most profitable Internet companies in U.S. history. However, success has not come without controversy, and one of the most significant concerns Google AdWords, which displays keyword-triggered ads and sponsored links alongside non-sponsored search results. AdWords has come under attack in the United States and in the European Union ("EU") for its role in trademark infringement on …
Regulating Robocalls: Are Automated Calls The Sound Of, Or A Threat To, Democracy, Jason C. Miller
Regulating Robocalls: Are Automated Calls The Sound Of, Or A Threat To, Democracy, Jason C. Miller
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
African-American voters receive a phone message implying that they are not registered to vote. Others hear "an almost threatening male voice," a "fake New York accent," factual distortions about legislation, false endorsements from controversial groups, calls promoting one candidate claiming to be from his opponent, and a constant barrage of annoying phone calls designed to make voters think a different candidate was sponsoring them. These messages were delivered through automated political telephone calls, also known as robocalls. Robocalls are cheap and efficient--one can deliver a pre-recorded message through 100,000 automated phone calls in one hour for only $2000. Consequently, robocalls …
Legislation For Effective Self-Regulation: A New Approach To Protecting Personal Privacy On The Internet, Richard M. Marsh Jr.
Legislation For Effective Self-Regulation: A New Approach To Protecting Personal Privacy On The Internet, Richard M. Marsh Jr.
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
How can we best reap the benefits of online profiling while avoiding the privacy pitfalls plaguing the e-commerce community? Experts advocate legislation, civil litigation, or self-regulation to provide the ideal solution. Analyzing these proposals reveals a conflict between two basic principles: the need to preserve personal privacy and the desire to foster a thriving Internet-based industry. This Note argues that each approach tends to favor one principle at the expense of the other. This Note also proposes a new solution which creates incentives for effective self-regulation backed with legal enforcement. This scheme strikes an appropriate balance between privacy and e-commerce …
Law, Economics, And Torture, James Boyd White
Law, Economics, And Torture, James Boyd White
Book Chapters
This paper addresses three sets of questions, among which it wishes to draw connections: (1) Why has there been so little resistance to the recent massive transfer of national wealth to the rich and super-rich? It is the majority who are injured, and they presumably hold the power in a democracy: why have they not exercised it? (2) Why are law schools so dominated by questions of policy, with rather little interest in the intellectual and linguistic activities of the practicing lawyer and judge? Why indeed do judicial opinions themselves seem so often to be written in a dead and …
When Mobile Phones Are Rfid-Equipped - Finding E.U.-U.S. Solutions To Protect Consumer Privacy And Facilitate Mobile Commerce, Nancy J. King
When Mobile Phones Are Rfid-Equipped - Finding E.U.-U.S. Solutions To Protect Consumer Privacy And Facilitate Mobile Commerce, Nancy J. King
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
New mobile phones have been designed to include delivery of mobile advertising and other useful location-based services, but have they also been designed to protect consumers' privacy? One of the key enabling technologies for these new types of phones and new mobile services is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), a wireless communication technology that enables the unique identification of tagged objects. In the case of RFID-enabled mobile phones, the personal nature of the devices makes it very likely that, by locating a phone, businesses will also be able to locate its owner. Consumers are currently testing new RFID-enabled phones around the …
A New Frontier Or Merely A New Medium - An Analysis Of The Ethics Of Blawgs, Justin Krypel
A New Frontier Or Merely A New Medium - An Analysis Of The Ethics Of Blawgs, Justin Krypel
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
The purpose of this Note is to investigate those rules of ethics which interact with attorney blogs, placing a special emphasis on advertising rules. The central finding is that, under the Supreme Court's current First Amendment jurisprudence, attorney blogs (or, more cleverly, "blawgs") are not subject to regulation by the ethics codes of the ABA or the various state bars. Furthermore, if the Supreme Court were to, for some reason, construe blawgs as falling outside of First Amendment protection, evidence suggests that regulating this new medium would be neither desirable nor effective. Part II outlines the historical framework which underlies …
Intellectual Property Rights In Advertising, Lisa P. Ramsey
Intellectual Property Rights In Advertising, Lisa P. Ramsey
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
Before the twentieth century, U.S. courts refused to protect copyright in advertisements. Until the middle of the twentieth century, advertising slogans generally were not registered or protected under U.S. trademark law. Today, firms can acquire copyright protection in advertising and there is no categorical rule against trademark registration or protection of slogans. This Article questions whether this extension of copyright protection to advertising and trademark protection to slogans has a satisfactory utilitarian justification[...] If it is too difficult to completely eliminate copyright protection of advertising, Congress should at least consider reducing such protection to increase the free flow of advertising …
A Shadow Government: Private Regulation, Free Speech, And Lessons From The Sinclair Blogstorm, Marvin Ammori
A Shadow Government: Private Regulation, Free Speech, And Lessons From The Sinclair Blogstorm, Marvin Ammori
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
Because of the economics of online information, thousands who do not know each other can band together in hours, without previous organizational coordination or any persistent central coordination, to affect others and conform society to their idea of the social good. This changes the dynamic of political action and the ability of unaffiliated, lone individuals to respond to social acts where government and the market have not. Through ad hoc volunteerism, the Sinclair participants produced regulatory action against a private party with whom they were not transacting--because they believed government failed to do so. Although ad hoc volunteerism has received …
Scylla Or Charybdis: Navigating The Jurisprudence Of Visual Clutter, M. Ryan Calo
Scylla Or Charybdis: Navigating The Jurisprudence Of Visual Clutter, M. Ryan Calo
Michigan Law Review
This Note argues that passing close to Discovery Network is the safest route - municipalities can still drastically reduce visual clutter by regulating commercial speech alone without violating the First Amendment. Part I looks at the onsite/offsite distinction, a singularly popular method of sign regulation, and concludes that this distinction runs squarely afoul of Metromedia. Part II looks at the once-accepted alternative route - the commercial/noncommercial distinction - and argues that this distinction does not run afoul of Discovery Network. Rather, a close reading of Discovery Network permits the regulation of exclusively commercial billboards where, as typically, they …
Regulating Target Marketing And Other Race-Based Advertising Practices, Ross D. Petty, Anne-Marie G. Harris, Toni Broaddus, William M. Boyd Iii
Regulating Target Marketing And Other Race-Based Advertising Practices, Ross D. Petty, Anne-Marie G. Harris, Toni Broaddus, William M. Boyd Iii
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
Recognizing the significant role that advertising plays in American life, this article examines the phenomenon of race-based targeted marketing as a contributing factor to the racial tension of our media age and evaluates the role of government regulation in preventing the dissemination of racist messages through advertising. In Part I, the article first looks at the evolution of "mass" marketing into today's standard use of targeted marketing techniques, and especially how those techniques can sometimes have racist effects. In Part II, the article discusses both measurable and esoteric harms of cultural racism. Part III examines existing laws designed to regulate …
Why The Proposal To Legalize Physician-Assisted Suicide In Michigan Failed, Yale Kamisar
Why The Proposal To Legalize Physician-Assisted Suicide In Michigan Failed, Yale Kamisar
Articles
Some commentators and participants in the national debate over physician-assisted suicide (PAS) made much of the fact that in 1997 Oregon voters reaffirmed their support for assisted suicide by a much larger margin than the initial 1994 vote. The state legislature had put the initiative (which had initially passed by a 5149% vote) back on the ballot for an unprecedented second vote. This time the initiative was reaffirmed overwhelmingly, 60-40%. Barbara Coombs Lee, Executive Director of Compassion in Dying (an organization that counsels people considering PAS and one of the plaintiffs in Washington v. Glucksberg, 1997), hailed the second Oregon …
Why Did Voters Reject Michigan's Physician-Assisted Suicide Initiative?, Yale Kamisar
Why Did Voters Reject Michigan's Physician-Assisted Suicide Initiative?, Yale Kamisar
Articles
In November 1997, when Oregon voters reaffirmed their support for doctor-assisted suicide, some commentators called it a turning point for the "right to die" movement. But the lopsided defeat of a similar proposal in Michigan is a better barometer: in general, assisted suicide continues to fare badly in the political arena.
Defining "Green": Toward Regulation Of Environmental Marketing Claims, Roger D. Wynne
Defining "Green": Toward Regulation Of Environmental Marketing Claims, Roger D. Wynne
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Note joins a rising chorus calling for government regulation of green marketing claims. It attempts to encourage and add a sense of urgency to a burgeoning regulatory movement by highlighting some of the legal issues that such regulation entails. Part I identifies a gap in the law: the inability of current truth-in-advertising laws to clarify the legality of green marketing claims. Part II urges bridging that gap quickly; it examines the costs of continued nonregulation and describes some of the forms regulation is taking. Part III attempts to allay any fears that such regulations might be challenged on first …
Making Sense Of Billboard Law: Justifying Prohibitions And Exemptions, R. Douglass Bond
Making Sense Of Billboard Law: Justifying Prohibitions And Exemptions, R. Douglass Bond
Michigan Law Review
Part I of this Note surveys the trends in the aesthetic regulation of billboards, culminating in the Supreme Court of California's decision in Metromedia, Inc. v. City of San Diego, and the Supreme Court's review of that decision. Part II analyzes the five Metromedia opinions in order to present properly the contemporary debate over billboard law. It inquires whether a sign prohibition should hinge on the commercial or noncommercial status of the targeted signs. Part III indicates how ambiguities in the Metromedia plurality opinion have produced the conflict in lower courts between the commercial/noncommercial distinction and the onsite/ off …
Restrictions On Electric Utility Advertising, Michigan Law Review
Restrictions On Electric Utility Advertising, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Note reconsiders the constitutionality of New York's restriction on advertising by electric utilities. Section I explains how and why the Supreme Court's current analysis of the first amendment distinguishes commercial speech from other forms of speech. Section II looks at what protection is due commercial speech and weighs the competing interests in the specific context of utility advertising. The Note concludes that states may restrict utility advertising to encourage energy conservation.
Attorney Solicitation: The Scope Of State Regulation After Primus And Ohralik, David A. Rabin
Attorney Solicitation: The Scope Of State Regulation After Primus And Ohralik, David A. Rabin
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The purpose of this article is to analyze the opinions in Primus and Ohralik, to delineate the scope of permissible state regulation in the wake of those two decisions, and to recommend specific changes in existing state solicitation rules. Part I examines the general nature of attorney solicitation law - by whom it is made and how it is enforced. Part II describes the statutory and constitutional aspects of solicitation law prior to Primus and Ohralik. Part III discusses the Court's holdings in Primus and Ohralik, and the changes in current statutory schemes required by the two …
Fairness And Unfairness In Television Product Advertising, Michigan Law Review
Fairness And Unfairness In Television Product Advertising, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The first section of this Note explores the impact of television product advertising on viewer attitudes. The next two sections set forth the statutory basis on which the Federal Communications Commission and the Federal Trade Commission could provide for the effective presentation of contrasting points of view on controversial issues implicitly or explicitly raised by television product advertising, could ensure that the implicit messages of such advertisements are delivered fairly and without deception, and could counter the adverse effects of such advertising. The purpose of these sections is not to predict actual regulatory behavior, for in fact the FCC and …
The Ftc's Injunctive Authority Against False Advertising Of Food And Drugs, Michigan Law Review
The Ftc's Injunctive Authority Against False Advertising Of Food And Drugs, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Two judicial decisions in the early 1950s construing the FTC's section 13 (a) power produced a conflict that has not been resolved either by later courts or by the amendments to section 13 enacted in 1973. The dispute basically concerns the depth of the courts' inquiry into whether an advertisement violates- section 12 and the applicability of traditional equitable concepts in the context of the statutory injunction procedure. This Note contends that the legislative history of pertinent provisions of the Act suggests an appropriate resolution of the conflict through a two-step approach that would relax the scrutiny ordinarily accorded petitions …
Billboard Control Under The Highway Beautification Act Of 1965, Roger A. Cunningham
Billboard Control Under The Highway Beautification Act Of 1965, Roger A. Cunningham
Michigan Law Review
Although the advertising control provisions of the Highway Beautification Act of 1965 have been the subject of unremitting controversy from the date of enactment until the present time, only three substantive amendments to title I have been adopted in the intervening years. These are the amendments to subsections ( d) and (j) and the addition of a new subsection (n) all of which were adopted in 1968.
Corrective Advertising And The Ftc: No, Virginia, Wonder Bread Doesn't Help Build Strong Bodies Twelve Ways, Michigan Law Review
Corrective Advertising And The Ftc: No, Virginia, Wonder Bread Doesn't Help Build Strong Bodies Twelve Ways, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Note will outline the development and theory of corrective advertising. In particular, it will discuss the residual effects of deceptive advertising, which are the basis for a corrective remedy. The Commission's statutory authority to require corrective advertising will then be explored: the analysis will compare corrective advertising with other types of affirmative disclosure required by the Commission and relate it to the present use of divestiture as a trade regulation remedy. Finally, the possible public benefit accruing from corrective advertising will be considered, along with some thoughts on what policies the FTC should pursue in order to maximize that …
Souped Up Affirmative Disclosure Orders Of The Federal Trade Commission, William F. Lemke Jr.
Souped Up Affirmative Disclosure Orders Of The Federal Trade Commission, William F. Lemke Jr.
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Under section 5(b) of the Federal Trade Commission Act the Commission is given authority to conduct hearings, make findings and issue cease and desist orders requiring any person, partnership or corporation to cease and desist from use of unfair methods of competition or unfair or deceptive practices in commerce. The Commission also issues consent orders in cases which are concluded by agreement between the Commission and the allegedly offending party. Consent orders have the same force and binding effect as those issued after hearings and findings. Although it is well established that the Commission has very broad discretion and authority …
Bauer & Greyser: Advertising In America: The Consumer View, Robert L. Birmingham
Bauer & Greyser: Advertising In America: The Consumer View, Robert L. Birmingham
Michigan Law Review
A Review of Advertising in America: The Consumer View by Raymond A. Bauer and Stephen A. Greyser
Government And The Consumer, Richard J. Barber
Government And The Consumer, Richard J. Barber
Michigan Law Review
This article takes up four major topics. First, the principal characteristics of governmental action with respect to consumer protection are reviewed, with emphasis on developments during the past thirty years. Second, the traditional pleas for consumer protection are examined with a view toward determining the inadequacies in governmental action. Third, the problems of the consumer are studied in the context of oligopolistic industrial markets in which nonprice competition accentuates the place of advertising and severely restricts the dissemination of factual information that is essential to enlightened purchase decisions. Fourth, the ingredients of a meaningful consumer protection program are outlined and …