Digital Commons Network^™

Assessment Of Spatio-Temporal Changes Of Land Use And Land Cover Over South-Western African Basins And Their Relations With Variations Of Discharges, Salomon Obahoundje, Arona Diedhiou, Eric Antwi Ofosu, Sandrine Anquetin, Baptiste François, Julien Adounkpe, Ernest Amoussou, Yao Morton Kouame, Kouakou Lazare Kouassi, Vami Hermann Nguessan Bi, Marc Youan Ta

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publication Series

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West African basins play a vital role in the socio-economic development of the region. They are mostly trans-boundary and sources of different land use practices. This work attempts to assess the spatio-temporal land use and land cover changes over three South Western African basins (Volta, Mono and Sassandra basins) and their influence on discharge. The land use and land cover maps of each basin were developed for 1988, 2002 and 2016. The results show that all the studied basins present an increase in water bodies, built-up, agricultural land and a decline in vegetative areas. These increases in water bodies and …

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Use Of Wrf-Hydro Over The Northeast Of The Us To Estimate Water Budget Tendencies In Small Watersheds, Marcelo A. Somos-Valenzuela, Richard N. Palmer

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publication Series

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In the Northeast of the US, climate change will bring a series of impacts on the terrestrial hydrology. Observations indicate that temperature has steadily increased during the last century, including changes in precipitation. This study implements the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Hydro framework with the Noah-Multiparameterization (Noah-MP) model that is currently used in the National Water Model to estimate the tendencies of the different variables that compounded the water budget in the Northeast of the US from 1980 to 2016. We use North American Land Data Assimilation System-2 (NLDAS-2) climate data as forcing, and we calibrated the model using 192 …

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Dry Pipes: Associations Between Utility Performance And Intermittent Piped Water Supply In Low And Middle Income Countries, Jessica Kaminsky, Emily Kumpel

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publication Series

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Abstract

Intermittent piped water supply impacts at least one billion people around the globe. Given the environmental and public health implications of poor water supply, there is a strong practical need to understand how and why intermittent supply occurs, and what strategies may be used to move utilities towards the provision of continuous water supply. Leveraging data from the International Benchmarking Network for Water and Sanitation Utilities, we discover 42 variables that have statistically significant associations with intermittent water supply at the utility scale across 2115 utilities. We categorized these under the following themes: Physical infrastructure system scale, coverage, consumer …

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Measuring The Impacts Of Water Safety Plans In The Asia-Pacific Region, Emily Kumpel, Caroline Delaire, Rachel Peletz, Joyce Kisiangani, Angella Rinehold, Jennifer De France, Ranjiv Khush

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publication Series

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This study investigated the effectiveness of Water Safety Plans (WSP) implemented in 99 water supply systems across 12 countries in the Asia-Pacific region. An impact assessment methodology including 36 indicators was developed based on a conceptual framework proposed by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and before/after data were collected between November 2014 and June 2016. WSPs were associated with infrastructure improvements at the vast majority (82) of participating sites and to increased financial support at 37 sites. In addition, significant changes were observed in operations and management practices, number of water safety-related meetings, unaccounted-for water, water quality testing activities, …

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Impact Of Climate Change On Combined Solar And Run-Of-River Power In Northern Italy, Baptiste François, Benoit Hingray, Marco Borga, Davide Zoccatelli, Casey Brown, Jean-Dominique Creutin

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publication Series

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Moving towards energy systems with high variable renewable energy shares requires a good understanding of the impacts of climate change on the energy penetration. To do so, most prior impact studies have considered climate projections available from Global Circulation Models (GCMs). Other studies apply sensitivity analyses on the climate variables that drive the system behavior to inform how much the system changes due to climate change. In the present work, we apply the Decision Scaling approach, a framework merging these two approaches, for analyzing a renewables-only scenario for the electric system of Northern Italy where the main renewable sources are …

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A Multi-Variable Equation For Relationship Between Limiting Void Ratios Of Uniform Sands And Morphological Characteristics Of Their Particles, Ching S. Chang, Yibing Deng, Mehrashk Meidani

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publication Series

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The limiting void ratios (i.e., the minimum and the maximum void ratios) are two important index properties, which are related to the compressibility, shear strength, and permeability of granular soils. Experimental studies have shown that the limiting void ratios are correlated to morphological properties of soil particles (i.e. particle size and particle shape). However, empirical equations available in literature for the limiting void ratios are generally single-variable functions of either particle size, or particle shape. In this study, we propose multi-variable equations, in which the limiting void ratios are functions of both particle size and particle shape. The coupled …

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