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Protocol - The Effectiveness Of Interventions/Training Programmes For The Parents Of Adolescents: A Systematic Review Of The Literature, Susan M. Kerr, Kerri Mcpherson, Lisa Kidd, Elizabeth Mcgee

Dr. Susan Kerr

No abstract provided.

Teens, Technology, And Cyberstalking: The Domestic Violence Wave Of The Future?, Andrew J. King-Ries

Andrew J King-Ries

While the legal system has made progress in combating domestic violence in the last 30 years, this progress is threatened by the intersection of two recent developments: teenagers normalizing unhealthy relationship patterns through pervasive use of technology and law enforcement’s inability to adequately respond to cyberstalking. The combination of these trends suggests America is producing a new generation of domestic violence batterers.

Recent studies document extensive use of technology—email, texts, social networking—by teenagers in their intimate relationships. Teenagers’ use of technology in their dating relationships often mimics relationship patterns present in violent adult relationships. Teenagers appear to be normalizing unhealthy …

Perspectives Of College Students With Childhood Ad/Hd, T. Robin Bartlett, Tracie Rowe, Mona Shattell

Mona Shattell

Purpose: To determine what successful young adults perceive was helpful to them when they were struggling with their attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms as children.

Study Design and Methods: Sixteen young adult college students with a history of ADHD participated in semistructured interviews that asked them which people and what strategies they had found most helpful to them during their childhood. Data were analyzed using content analysis.

Results: The most helpful people were parents and teachers; the most helpful strategies were caring behaviors and active teaching/learning strategies. Participants remembered helpful people as “giving me strategies to help me keep my …

Peer Predictability, Ellen Delara

Ellen deLara

This action research and general system theory based qualitative inquiry examined adolescents’ dependence on predicting the behavior of their peers as a strategy for enhancing their sense of safety at school and avoiding violence. A total of 95 adolescents in 9th through 12th grades from two small rural schools and one large suburban school in New York State participated in the study. Results indicated that students depend on Peer Predictability to feel safe during the school day when adults fail to predictably supervise or intervene in areas or interactions which adolescents perceive as potentially threatening. Familiarity leading to predictability allowed …

Gambling Awareness For Youth: An Analysis Of The "Don't Gamble Away Our Future" Program, Lisa M. Taylor

Lisa M. Taylor

Gambling has become increasingly popular among minors and is easily accessible to them. This is alarming since research has indicated that minors are more susceptible to gambling pathology than adults. Additionally, gambling has devastating effects on minors that gamble as well as their families and communities. The Illinois Institute for Addiction Recovery (IIAR) developed a gambling awareness prevention program called “Don’t Gamble Away our Future™” to educate minors about gambling and the dangers associated with it. The IIAR started collecting data for the purpose of evaluation in 2005. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the program’s effectiveness …

Social Information Processing And Cardiac Predictors Of Adolescent Antisocial Behavior, Reid G. Fontaine

Reid G. Fontaine

The relations among social information processing (SIP), cardiac activity, and antisocial behavior were investigated in adolescents over a 3-year period (from ages 16 to 18) in a community sample of 585 (48% female, 17% African American) participants. Antisocial behavior was assessed in all 3 years. Cardiac and SIP measures were collected between the first and second behavioral assessments. Cardiac measures assessed resting heart rate (RHR) and heart rate reactivity (HRR) as participants imagined themselves being victimized in hypothetical provocation situations portrayed via video vignettes. The findings were moderated by gender and supported a multiprocess model in which antisocial behavior is …

“I Have Always Felt Different:” The Experience Of Childhood Ad/Hd, Mona Shattell, T. Robin Bartlett, Tracie Rowe

Mona Shattell

Childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) is one of the most important psychiatric problems of our time. This study examined the experience of childhood AD/HD within the contexts that are most significant to this age group – home, school, and friendships. The sample included 16 college-enrolled young adults (ages 18 - 25) with a self-reported history of AD/HD. Participants revealed feelings of difference, misunderstanding, and struggle in all areas of their lives (home, school, and friendships). Nurses can use these findings to improve the care and long-term outcomes of children diagnosed with AD/HD.

Toward A Conceptual Framework Of Instrumental Antisocial Decision-Making And Behavior In Youth, Reid G. Fontaine

Reid G. Fontaine

This paper reviews and organizes relevant theory and research toward a conceptual framework of instrumental antisocial decision-making and behavior in youth. To date, social cognitive study of the development of youth antisocial functioning has largely focused on response patterns (e.g., cognitive responses to aversive cues). Though instrumental decision making is paid significant attention in research on adult criminality, there exists no framework by which youths' goal-driven behavioral decisions that are made in pursuit of antisocial motives and interests may be understood. This is a problem in that lessons from research on children and adolescents suggest that there are meaningful differences …

Evaluative Behavioral Judgments And Instrumental Antisocial Behaviors In Children And Adolescents, Reid G. Fontaine

Reid G. Fontaine

There is a growing body of scientific research that has drawn a distinction between instrumental (or proactive) and reactive forms of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents. Whereas neurocognitive, psychophysiological, and other psychological factors have been shown to distinguish these aggressive subtypes, social cognitive research on alternative types of instrumental antisocial behavior (e.g., stealing, cheating, and illicit substance use) in youth is limited. Research on social information processing and aggression has shown that evaluative behavioral judgments may be of particular importance to understanding instrumental antisocial tendencies. Herein presented is a review of research on social cognition and discernible forms of …

Peer Rejection And Social Information-Processing Factors In The Development Of Aggressive Behavior Problems In Children, Reid G. Fontaine, Kenneth A. Dodge, Jennifer E. Lansford, Virginia Salzer Burks, John E. Bates, Gregory S. Pettit, Joseph M. Price

Reid G. Fontaine

The relation between social rejection and growth in antisocial behavior was investigated. In Study 1,259 boys and girls (34% African American) were followed from Grades 1 to 3 (ages 6-8 years) to Grades 5 to 7 (ages 10-12 years). Early peer rejection predicted growth in aggression. In Study 2,585 boys and girls (16% African American) were followed from kindergarten to Grade 3 (ages 5-8 years), and findings were replicated. Furthermore, early aggression moderated the effect of rejection, such that rejection exacerbated antisocial development only among children initially disposed toward aggression. In Study 3, social information-processing patterns measured in Study 1 …

Response Decision Processes And Externalizing Behavior Problems In Adolescents, Reid Griffith Fontaine, Virginia Salzer Burks, Kenneth A. Dodge

Reid G. Fontaine

Externalizing behavior problems of 124 adolescents were assessed across Grades 7–11. In Grade 9, participants were also assessed across social-cognitive domains after imagining themselves as the object of provocations portrayed in six videotaped vignettes. Participants responded to vignette-based questions representing multiple processes of the response decision step of social information processing. Phase 1 of our investigation supported a two-factor model of the response evaluation process of response decision (response valuation and outcome expectancy). Phase 2 showed significant relations between the set of these response decision processes, as well as response selection, measured in Grade 9 and (a) externalizing behavior in …