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Detecting, Preventing, And Treating Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Adolescent Arrestees: An Unmet Public Health Need, Christopher Salvatore, Steven Belenko, Richard Dembo, Matthew Rollie, Kristina Childs

Christopher Salvatore

Studies of detained and incarcerated adolescent offenders in the United States indicate that these juveniles have an elevated risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). However, many more arrestees enter the “front end” of the juvenile justice system that is detained or incarcerated, and research into the STD risk profiles and service needs of this larger group is lacking. An expansion of STD testing (including of asymptomatic youths), prevention, and treatment is needed, as is improved knowledge about gender- and race-specific services. A pilot program in Florida has shown that juvenile justice and public health systems can collaborate to implement STD …

Psychosocial Correlates Of Physical Activity And Sedentary Leisure Habits In Young Adolescents: The Teens Eating For Energy And Nutrition At School Study, Amanda Birnbaum

Amanda Birnbaum

No abstract provided.

Indicators Of Simulated Driving Skills In Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Sherrilene Classen, Miriam Monahan, Stephanie Hernandez

Miriam Monahan

Adolescents are at high risk for motor vehicle crashes (MVCs). Teens with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have an even greater risk for MVCs due to impaired visual, cognitive, and motor skills critical for driving. This prospective two group study demonstrated the demographic, clinical, and simulated driving skill differences of seven adolescents with ASD (mean age = 15.14, SD ±1.22) compared to 22 healthy controls (HC) (mean age = 14.32, SD ±.72) through a comprehensive driving evaluation (CDE) conducted by an occupational therapist certified driving rehabilitation specialist (OT-CDRS). Adolescents with ASD performed poorer on right eye acuity (Fischer’s (F) = …

Factors Associated With Stress Among Adolescents In The City Of Nawabshah, Pakistan., Yasmin Parpio, Salima Farooq, Saleema Gulzar, Ambreen Tharani, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Fawad Javed

Ambreen Tharani

OBJECTIVE: To identify the risk factors of stress among school-going adolescents in rural Nawabshah, Pakistan. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 2005, comprising 800 school-going children of 10-16 years of age in Nawabshah, through simple random sampling. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire to assess the potential risk factors of stress. A modified version of Perceived stress scale was utilized to measure stress level. SPSS 12 was used for statistical analysis, while multiple linear regression analysis was run to identify the factors associated with stress in the study population. RESULTS: Of the total, 529 (66%) children belonged to …

Factors Associated With Stress Among Adolescents In The City Of Nawabshah, Pakistan., Yasmin Parpio, Salima Farooq, Saleema Gulzar, Ambreen Tharani, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Fawad Javed

Tazeen Ali

OBJECTIVE: To identify the risk factors of stress among school-going adolescents in rural Nawabshah, Pakistan. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 2005, comprising 800 school-going children of 10-16 years of age in Nawabshah, through simple random sampling. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire to assess the potential risk factors of stress. A modified version of Perceived stress scale was utilized to measure stress level. SPSS 12 was used for statistical analysis, while multiple linear regression analysis was run to identify the factors associated with stress in the study population. RESULTS: Of the total, 529 (66%) children belonged to …

Vergleich Zweier Schulbasierter Programme Zur Prävention Depressiver Symptome Bei Jugendlichen (Comparison Of Two School Based Depression Prevention Programs For Adolescents)., Patrick Pössel, Andrea B. Horn, Martin Hautzinger

Patrick Pössel

Theoretischer Hintergrund: Depressive Störungen im Jugendalter sind ein weitverbreitetes Problem mit weitreichenden psychosozialen Folgen. Um beidem vorzubeugen wurde ein kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutisches und ein auf dem Paradigma des Expressiven Schreibens beruhendes universales schulbasiertes Präventionsprogramm entwickelt. Fragestellung: Haben die beiden Präventionsprogramme positive Wirkung auf depressive Symptomatik und Lebenszufriedenheit Jugendlicher? Methode: Es wurde eine randomisierte Kontrollgruppenstudie mit 3-Monats Follow-up an 579 Realschülern und -schülerinnen der 8. Klasse durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Das kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutische Programm wirkt in Abhängigkeit der Ausgangssymptomatik kurz- bzw. mittelfristig auf die depressive Symptomatik, während das Schreibprogramm unabhängig von der Ausgangssymptomatik kurz- und mittelfristig positiv auf die Lebenszufriedenheit wirkt. Schlussfolgerungen: Trotz Einschränkungen in Bezug …

School-Based Prevention Of Depressive Symptoms In Adolescents : A 6-Month Follow-Up., Patrick Pössel, Andrea B. Horn, Gunter Groen, Martin Hautzinger

Patrick Pössel

Objective: Depressive disorders in adolescents are a widespread problem with extensive psychosocial consequences. We designed a school-based program to prevent the increase of depressive symptoms. We expect the program to reduce dysfunctional automatic thoughts and improve social skills and thus prevent the increase of depressive symptoms. Method: The design includes a training group and a non-treatment control group with pre- and post-measurement and 3- and 6-month follow-ups. We followed 324 eighth graders in both groups. School classes were randomly assigned to one of the two groups. The prevention program, LISA-T, is based on cognitive-behavioral therapy concepts and targets of cognitive …

Erste Ergebnisse Eines Programms Zur Schulbasierten Prävention Von Depressiven Symptomen Bei Jugendlichen (First Results Of A School-Based Prevention Program Of Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents)., Patrick Pössel, Andrea B. Horn, Martin Hautzinger

Patrick Pössel

Depressive Störungen im Jugendalter sind ein weit verbreitetes Problem mit weitreichenden psychosozialen Folgen. Um beidem vorzubeugen wurde ein universales schulbasiertes kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutisches Präventionsprogramm entwickelt, das in Anlehnung an das Multifaktorielle Depressionsmodell aus einem kognitiven und einem sozialen Trainingselement besteht. Im kognitiven Teil werden dysfunktionale Gedanken bearbeitet und im sozialen Programmteil werden selbstsicheres Verhalten und Kontaktfähigkeit trainiert. Es wurde erwartet, dass die Teilnahme am Präventionsprogramm direkt nach Beendigung noch keinen signifikanten Effekt auf die depressiven Symptome zeigt, während geringer ausgeprägte dysfunktionale Gedanken und eine Verbesserung der sozialen Unterstützung erwartet wurden. Die Ergebnisse direkt nach Beendigung des Präventionsprogramms (Trainingsgruppe n = 187; Kontrollgruppe …

Influence Of General Self-Efficacy On The Effects Of A School-Based Universal Primary Prevention Program Of Depressive Symptoms In Adolescents : A Randomized And Controlled Follow-Up Study., Patrick Pössel, Christiane Baldus, Andrea B. Horn, Gunter Groen, Martin Hautzinger

Patrick Pössel

Background:  Depressive disorders in adolescents are a widespread and increasing problem. Prevention seems a promising and feasible approach.

Methods:  We designed a cognitive-behavioral school-based universal primary prevention program and followed 347 eighth-grade students participating in a randomized controlled trial for three months.

Results:  In line with our hypothesis, participants in the prevention program remained on a low level of depressive symptoms, having strong social networks. The control group showed increasing depressive symptoms and a reduced social network. Contrary to our expectations, students low in self-efficacy benefited more from the program than high self-efficient students. Social network did not mediate the …

Teaching Behavior Questionnaire : Verifying Factor Structure And Investigating Depressive Symptoms In Catholic Middle And High Schools., Caroline M. Pittard, Patrick Pössel, Rosamond J. Smith

Patrick Pössel

Teaching behavior impacts student psychopathology. This study explored the associations between teaching behavior types and depressive symptoms in students. The Teaching Behavior Questionnaire (TBQ) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression Scale (CES-D) were completed by 763 middle and 976 high school students from private Catholic schools. In the middle school sample, a confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the four-factor structure of the TBQ previously found in public high schools. As predicted, a two-level hierarchical linear model (HLM) analysis with the high school sample found that only the Negative Teaching Behavior scale of the TBQ was positively related to CES-D …

Mapping A Continuum Of Adolescent Helping And Bystander Behavior Within The Context Of Dating Violence And Bullying, Erin Casey, Heather Storer, Todd I. Herrenkohl

Erin Casey

Rebelliousness, Effortful Control, And Risky Behavior: Metamotivational And Temperamental Predictors Of Risk-Taking In Older Adolescents, Kathryn Lafreniere, Rosanne Menna, Kenneth M. Cramer

Kathryn Lafreniere

Adolescence is frequently regarded as a time of increased vulnerability to engaging in risky behaviors such as binge drinking, unsafe sexual activities, and illicit drug use. The present study examined risk perception and risk-taking behavior in older adolescents from two different perspectives, by examining temperamental and metamotivational predictors of likelihood of engaging in risky activities. A sample of 76 undergraduate students aged 17 to 19 years completed a questionnaire package that included the Motivational Style Profile, Rebelliousness Questionnaire, the short form of the Adult Temperament Questionnaire, and the expected risk and expected involvement subscales of the Cognitive Appraisal of Risky …

Rebelliousness, Effortful Control, And Risky Behavior: Metamotivational And Temperamental Predictors Of Risk-Taking In Older Adolescents, Kathryn Lafreniere, Rosanne Menna, Kenneth M. Cramer

Kathryn Lafreniere

Adolescence is frequently regarded as a time of increased vulnerability to engaging in risky behaviors such as binge drinking, unsafe sexual activities, and illicit drug use. The present study examined risk perception and risk-taking behavior in older adolescents from two different perspectives, by examining temperamental and metamotivational predictors of likelihood of engaging in risky activities. A sample of 76 undergraduate students aged 17 to 19 years completed a questionnaire package that included the Motivational Style Profile, Rebelliousness Questionnaire, the short form of the Adult Temperament Questionnaire, and the expected risk and expected involvement subscales of the Cognitive Appraisal of Risky …

Rebelliousness, Effortful Control, And Risky Behavior: Metamotivational And Temperamental Predictors Of Risk-Taking In Older Adolescents, Kathryn Lafreniere, Rosanne Menna, Kenneth M. Cramer

Kathryn Lafreniere

Adolescence is frequently regarded as a time of increased vulnerability to engaging in risky behaviors such as binge drinking, unsafe sexual activities, and illicit drug use. The present study examined risk perception and risk-taking behavior in older adolescents from two different perspectives, by examining temperamental and metamotivational predictors of likelihood of engaging in risky activities. A sample of 76 undergraduate students aged 17 to 19 years completed a questionnaire package that included the Motivational Style Profile, Rebelliousness Questionnaire, the short form of the Adult Temperament Questionnaire, and the expected risk and expected involvement subscales of the Cognitive Appraisal of Risky …

Does Motor Competence Affect Self-Perceptions Differently For Adolescent Males And Females?, Elizabeth Rose, Dawne Larkin, Helen Parker, Beth Hands

Beth Hands

Little is understood about the impact of level of motor competence on self-perceptions in adolescence, in particular how this may differentially affect girls and boys. A sample of 1,568 14-year-old participants (766 girls and 802 boys) were grouped into four motor competence levels (very low to high) based on the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND). Self-perceptions were assessed using the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents. Boys had higher self-perceptions of global self-worth, athletic competence, and physical appearance, whereas girls had higher scores for close friendships and behavioral conduct. Main effects in the predicted direction were found for motor competence for …

Measuring The Reader Self-Perceptions Of Adolescents: Introducing The Rsps2, Bill Henk, Barbara A. Marinak, Steven A. Melnick

William A. Henk

This paper introduces a new affective instrument for assessing the reader self-perceptions of students in grades seven through ten. The Reader Self-Perception Scale 2 (RSPS2) builds upon its predecessor, the RSPS, a tool that measures the reading efficacy beliefs of children in grades four through six. New items were created for the RSPS2 to reflect differences in the expectations for adolescent reading. The instrument was piloted on 488 students, revised, and then validates with an additional 2,542 students in the target grades. Factor analytic procedures revealed four factors emerging on the RSPS2. Items for Progress, Observational Comparison, Social Feedback, and …

Measuring The Reader Self-Perceptions Of Adolescents: Introducing The Rsps2, Bill Henk, Barbara A. Marinak, Steven A. Melnick

William A. Henk

This paper introduces a new affective instrument for assessing the reader self-perceptions of students in grades seven through ten. The Reader Self-Perception Scale 2 (RSPS2) builds upon its predecessor, the RSPS, a tool that measures the reading efficacy beliefs of children in grades four through six. New items were created for the RSPS2 to reflect differences in the expectations for adolescent reading. The instrument was piloted on 488 students, revised, and then validates with an additional 2,542 students in the target grades. Factor analytic procedures revealed four factors emerging on the RSPS2. Items for Progress, Observational Comparison, Social Feedback, and …

The Interrelations Among The Perception Of Parental Styles And Psychological Well-Being In Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study, Farnaz Shahimi, Patrick C. L Heaven, Joseph Ciarrochi

joseph Ciarrochi

This longitudinal study aims to examine the relationships between the perception of parental style, hope, self-esteem and Eysenck's psychoticism dimension throughout the span of four years. The sample was composed of 884 students from the Wollongong Youth Study, which commenced when students entered high school. During the course of the 4 years of the study, each participant completed the test booklets each time data was collected. Data was analyzed using one way ANOVA, Post-hoc test, Repeated Measurement, Pearson and Partial Correlation and General Linear Model in order to provide the aims of the study. The mean score of hope and …

An Examination Of Impulsivity In Adolescence: Frontal Alpha Eeg Markers And Relations With Emotion Regulation, Ellie Johnston, Stuart Johnstone, Joseph Ciarrochi

joseph Ciarrochi

Abstract presented at the 23rd Australasian Society for Psychophysiology Conference, 20-22 Nov 2013, Wollongong, Australia

Stress And Adolescent Brain Research Paper, Darlene Mack

Darlene Mack

Everybody’S Doin’ It (Right?): Neighborhood Norms And Sexual Activity In Adolescence, Tara D. Warner, Peggy C. Giordano, Wendy D. Manning, Monica A. Longmore

Wendy Manning

A neighborhood’s normative climate is linked to, but conceptually distinct from, its structural characteristics such as poverty and racial/ethnic composition. Given the deleterious consequences of early sexual activity for adolescent health and well-being, it is important to assess normative influences on youth behaviors such as sexual debut, number of sex partners, and involvement in casual sexual experiences. The current study moves beyond prior research by constructing a measure of normative climate that more fully captures neighborhood norms, and analyzing the influence of normative climate on behavior in a longitudinal framework. Using recently geo-coded data from the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study …

Cumulative Trauma Exposure And High Risk Behavior In Adolescence: Findings From The Nctsn Core Data Set, Christopher M. Layne, Johanna K.P. Greeson, Sarah A. Ostrowski, Soeun Kim, Stephanie Reading, Rebecca L. Vivrette, Ernestine C. Briggs, John A. Fairbank, Robert S. Pynoos

Christopher M Layne Ph.D.

Although links between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and problems in adulthood are well-established, less is known regarding links between exposure to trauma during childhood and high-risk behavior in adolescence. We tested the hypothesis that cumulative exposure to up to 20 different types of trauma incrementally predicts high-risk adolescent behavior beyond demographic variables. Adolescents reporting exposure to at least one type of trauma (n = 3,785; mean age = 15.3 years; 62.7% girls) were selected from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network Core Data Set (CDS). Logistic regression analyses tested associations among both demographic variables and number of types of trauma …

Cumulative Trauma Exposure And High Risk Behavior In Adolescence: Findings From The Nctsn Core Data Set, Christopher M. Layne, Johanna K.P. Greeson, Sarah A. Ostrowski, Soeun Kim, Stephanie Reading, Rebecca L. Vivrette, Ernestine C. Briggs, John A. Fairbank, Robert S. Pynoos

Johanna K.P. Greeson, PhD, MSS, MLSP

Although links between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and problems in adulthood are well-established, less is known regarding links between exposure to trauma during childhood and high-risk behavior in adolescence. We tested the hypothesis that cumulative exposure to up to 20 different types of trauma incrementally predicts high-risk adolescent behavior beyond demographic variables. Adolescents reporting exposure to at least one type of trauma (n = 3,785; mean age = 15.3 years; 62.7% girls) were selected from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network Core Data Set (CDS). Logistic regression analyses tested associations among both demographic variables and number of types of trauma …

Contributions Of Maltreatment And Serotonin Transporter Genotype To Depression In Childhood, Adolescence, And Early Adulthood, J. J. Cutuli, K. Lee Raby, Dante Cicchetti, Michelle M. Englund, Byron Egeland

J. J. Cutuli

Background: Past findings on gene-by-environment (GxE) effects on depression have been mixed, leading to a debate of the plausibility of such mechanisms and methodological considerations that warrant attention. A developmental systems perspective postulates that complex, multi-level GxE effects are likely contributors to depression. Methods: Participants from families experiencing low-income status at birth were followed over 28 years. Maltreatment was recorded prospectively using multiple means and sources. Depression was measured repeatedly using well-validated interviews in middle childhood, through adolescence, and into adulthood. Results: Findings support a GxE effect where the less efficient form of the promoter region of the serotonin transporter …

Pediatric Voice: Delineating The Voice Science And Investigating Child Training Methods Toward Pedagogical Application, Maria Fenty Denison

Maria Fenty Denison

This study investigates the synergistic relationship between voice science and voice pedagogy to inform the practices of voice teachers, music educators, and voice trainers. Furthermore, it is an effort to augment existing knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the pediatric voice so voice professionals may design targeted curricula in pediatric pedagogy. The most current materials in voice science and voice pedagogy were reviewed and relevant findings connecting both fields of study delineated. In the field of voice science, research concerning the progression of the vocal mechanism from fetus through adolescence was evaluated to clarify physiological findings potentially relevant to …

A Review Study On Spiritual Intelligence, Adolescence And Spiritual Intelligence, Factors That May Contribute To Individual Differences In Spiritual Intelligence And The Related Theories, Siti Aishah Hassan Ph.D.

Siti Aishah Hassan Ph.D.

This study reviewed the articles about adolescence, its relation to spiritual intelligence and the related theories. The adolescence period is the best time to develop positive emotions and training skills, because adolescents are seeking to find their identity and their future personality at this period. Approach: Spiritual intelligence had a significant influence on the quality of life and it goes without saying that adolescence is a sensitive period which requires specific training to make a brighter future and be exposed to the difficulties. Spirituality can be viewed as a form of intelligence because it predicts functioning and adaptation and offers …

The Relationship Between Meal Frequency And Body Mass Index In Black And White Adolescent Girls: More Is Less.Pdf, Ruth Striegel Weissman

Ruth Striegel Weissman

What Mediates The Relationship Between Family Meals And Adolescent Health Issues?, Ruth Striegel Weissman

Ruth Striegel Weissman

Testing An Individual Systems Model Of Response Evaluation And Decision (Red) And Antisocial Behavior Across Adolescence, Reid G. Fontaine

Reid G. Fontaine

This study examined the bidirectional development of aggressive response evaluation and decision (RED) and antisocial behavior across five time points in adolescence. Participants (n5522) were asked to imagine themselves behaving aggressively while viewing videotaped ambiguous provocations and answered a set of RED questions following each aggressive retaliation (administered at Grades 8 and 11 [13 and 16 years, respectively]). Self- and mother reports of antisocial behavior were collected at Grades 7, 9/10, and 12 (12, 14/15, and 17 years, respectively). Using structural equation modeling, the study found a partial mediating effect at each hypothesized mediational path despite high stability of antisocial …

Brief Report: Impact Of Classroom Presentations About Health And Help Seeking On Rural Australian Adolescents’ Intentions To Consult Health Care Professionals., Coralie J. Wilson

Frank Deane

Building Bridges-GP-Team (Building Bridges-Team; Wilson et al., 2004c) is a variation of the Building Bridges to General Practice: GPs in Schools program (Building Bridges-GP; Wilson et al., 2004a), which promotes consultation with health care professionals who are local and available for rural and regional adolescent’ consultation. The first major component of Building Bridges-GP-Team involves structured health professional training that provides knowledge in three basic areas: (1) adolescents’ help seeking barriers and ways to address barriers in primary health care; (2) developmental issues relevant to adolescent’ help seeking; and (3) classroom management, presentation strategies, and elementary teaching skills. Training is based …