Digital Commons Network^™

Unit Rectangle Visibility Graphs, Alice M. Dean, Joanna A. Ellis-Monaghan, Sarah J. Hamilton, Greta Pangborn

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

Over the past twenty years, rectangle visibility graphs have generated consider- able interest, in part due to their applicability to VLSI chip design. Here we study unit rectangle visibility graphs, with fixed dimension restrictions more closely modeling the constrained dimensions of gates and other circuit components in computer chip applications. A graph G is a unit rectangle visibility graph (URVG) if its vertices can be represented by closed unit squares in the plane with sides parallel to the axes and pairwise disjoint interiors, in such a way that two vertices are adjacent if and only if there is a non-degenerate …

Repeated N-Acetylcysteine Administration Alters Plasticity-Dependent Effects Of Cocaine, Aric Madayag, Doug Lobner, Kristen S. Kau, John R. Mantsch, Omer Abdulhameed, Matthew Hearing, Mark D. Grier, David A. Baker

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Cocaine produces a persistent reduction in cystine–glutamate exchange via system x_c− in the nucleus accumbens that may contribute to pathological glutamate signaling linked to addiction. System x_c− influences glutamate neurotransmission by maintaining basal, extracellular glutamate in the nucleus accumbens, which, in turn, shapes synaptic activity by stimulating group II metabotropic glutamate autoreceptors. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that a long-term reduction in system x_c− activity is part of the plasticity produced by repeated cocaine that results in the establishment of compulsive drug seeking. To test this, the cysteine prodrug N-acetylcysteine …

(Wp 2007-03) Trade Openness, Capital Mobility, And The Sacrifice Ratio, Joseph P. Daniels, David D. Vanhoose

Economics Working Papers

This paper develops and evaluates empirically the implications of a theoretical model of an open economy in which variations in both trade openness and capital mobility can influence the sacrifice ratio. Key predictions forthcoming from the model are that both forms of globalization can independently affect the capital ratio, once the influences of the level of central bank independence and the degree of wage stickiness in nations‘ economies are taken into account. Examination of cross-country data encompassing 58 disinflations for 16 countries yields evidence consistent with these essential predictions of the theoretical framework.

Prolonged Quadriceps Activity Following Imposed Hip Extension: A Neurophysiological Mechanism For Stiff-Knee Gait?, Michael D. Lewek, T. George Hornby, Yasin Y. Dhaher, Brian D. Schmit

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The biomechanical characteristics of stiff knee gait following neurological injury include decreased knee flexion velocity at toe-off, which may be due to exaggerated quadriceps activity. The neuromuscular mechanism underlying this abnormal activity is unclear, although hyperexcitable heteronymous reflexes may be a source of impaired coordination. The present study examines the contribution of reflex activity from hip flexors on knee extensors following stroke and its association with reduced swing-phase knee flexion during walking. Twelve individuals poststroke and six control subjects were positioned in supine on a Biodex dynamometer with the ankle and knee held in a static position. Isolated hip extension …

Patriotic Motherhood And The Iraq War, Ana C. Garner, Karen L. Slattery

College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications

She plays a familiar character in our nation's war stories and she has a warm place in our nation's heart. She is the patriotic mother, a cultural symbol of bravery and sacrifice, stoicism and silence. Her image may reflect our historical understanding of the mothers of combat soldiers, but the story the national press tells about the mothers of U.S. soldiers in the Iraq War does not quite match these cultural expectations.

Most Caenorhabditis Elegans Micrornas Are Individually Not Essential For Development Or Viability, Eric A. Miska, Ezequiel Alvarez-Saavedra, Allison L. Abbott, Nelson C. Lau, Andrew B. Hellman, Shannon M. Mcgonagle, David P. Bartel, Victor R. Ambros, H. Robert Horvitz

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a large class of short noncoding RNAs found in many plants and animals, often act to post-transcriptionally inhibit gene expression. We report the generation of deletion mutations in 87 miRNA genes in Caenorhabditis elegans, expanding the number of mutated miRNA genes to 95, or 83% of known C. elegans miRNAs. We find that the majority of miRNAs are not essential for the viability or development of C. elegans, and mutations in most miRNA genes do not result in grossly abnormal phenotypes. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that there is significant functional redundancy among miRNAs …

Capping The Mortgage Interest Deduction, John E. Anderson, Jeffrey Clemens, Andrew Hanson

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

In this paper we examine the economic implications of several policy options for capping the mortgage interest deduction (MID). We extend the standard user–cost model of owner–occupied housing to include a cap on the mortgage size receiving tax–favored status. Our user–cost estimates for taxpayers with mortgages above the current–law cap are 4.41 percent higher than estimates from a model without the cap. We simulate the share of mortgage dollars that would be subject to three alternative cap policy variants and summarize the distributional impacts of each proposal, computing the share of mortgage dollars impacted across U.S. Metropolitan Areas.

Reconceptualizing The Labor Process: Review Of Satanic Mills Or Silicon Islands? The Politics Of High-Tech Production In The Philippines By Steven C. Mckay, Michael A. Mccarthy

Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Review Of Imperialism And Human Rights: Colonial Discourses Of Rights And Liberties In African History, Chima J. Korieh

History Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Separate Adaptive Mechanisms For Controlling Trajectory And Final Position In Reaching, Robert A. Scheidt, Claude Ghez

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

We examined control of the hand's trajectory (direction and shape) and final equilibrium position in horizontal planar arm movements by quantifying transfer of learned visuomotor rotations between two tasks that required aiming the hand to the same spatial targets. In a trajectory-reversal task (“slicing”), the hand reversed direction within the target and returned to the origin. In a positioning task (“reaching”), subjects moved the hand to the target and held it there; cursor feedback was provided only after movement ended to isolate learning of final position from trajectory direction. We asked whether learning acquired in one task would transfer to …

Cold Responsive Earli1 Type Hyprps Improve Freezing Survival Of Yeast Cells And Form Higher Order Complexes In Plants, Yi Zhang, Michael Schläppi

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Plants have large families of proteins sharing a conserved eight-cysteine-motif (8CM) domain. The biological functions of these proteins are largely unknown. EARLI1 is a cold responsive Arabidopsis gene that encodes a hybrid proline-rich protein (HyPRP) with a three-domain architecture: a putative signal peptide at the N-terminus, a proline-rich domain (PRD) in the middle, and an 8CM domain at the C-terminus. We report here that yeast cells expressing different EARLI1 genes had significantly higher rates of freezing survival than empty-vector transformed controls. Arabidopsis plants with knocked down EARLI1 genes had an increased tendency for freezing-induced cellular damage. EARLI1-GFP Fluorescence in …

Becoming Psychotherapists: Experiences Of Novice Trainees In A Beginning Graduate Class, Clara E. Hill, Catherine Sullivan, Sarah Knox, Lewis Z. Schlosser

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

The authors investigated the experiences related to becoming psychotherapists for 5 counseling psychology doctoral trainees in their first prepracticum course. Qualitative analyses of weekly journals indicated that trainees discussed challenges related to becoming psychotherapists (e.g., being self-critical, having troubling reactions to clients, learning to use helping skills), gains made during the semester related to becoming psychotherapists (e.g., using helping skills more effectively, becoming less self-critical, being able to connect with clients), as well as experiences in supervision and activities that helped them cope with their anxieties. Results are discussed in 5 broad areas: feelings about self in role of psychotherapist, …

Different Learned Coordinate Frames For Planning Trajectories And Final Positions In Reaching, Claude Ghez, Robert A. Scheidt, Hank Heijink

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

We previously reported that the kinematics of reaching movements reflect the superimposition of two separate control mechanisms specifying the hand's spatial trajectory and its final equilibrium position. We now asked whether the brain maintains separate representations of the spatial goals for planning hand trajectory and final position. One group of subjects learned a 30° visuomotor rotation about the hand's starting point while performing a movement reversal task (“slicing”) in which they reversed direction at one target and terminated movement at another. This task required accuracy in acquiring a target mid-movement. A second group adapted while moving to—and stabilizing at—a single …

Volume Analysis Of The Proximal Tibial Metaphysis, Kingsley Wang, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Alexis B. Olsson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

The Vitrea 2 imaging software (Vital Images Inc, Minnetonka, MN) was used for the volume analysis of the proximal tibial metaphysis.

Materials and Methods

Eighteen computed tomography scans of the proximal tibia were processed through the software, and 3-dimensional imaging of the proximal tibia was reconstructed.

Results

The volume and area of the proximal tibia that were generated resulted in a mean area of 127 cm² and a mean volume of 77.2 cm².

Conclusion

This study supports the use of the proximal tibial metaphysis as a source of low to moderate volume of autologous bone. When …

Dyadic Relationship Scale: A Measure Of The Impact Of The Provision And Receipt Of Family Care, Margaret Sebern, Carol J. Whitlatch

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Dyadic Relationship Scale (DRS), which measures negative and positive dyadic interactions from the perspective of both the patient and the family caregiver. An important aspect of evaluating the DRS was that it be statistically sound and meaningful for both members of the dyad. Design and Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design. Survey packages were mailed to home health care patients and their family caregivers. The unit of analysis was the dyad, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. We examined the reliability, discriminant, and concurrent validities of the instrument. …

Response To A Retrospective Evaluation Of Crown-Fractured Permanent Teeth Treated In A Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, H. Cem Güngör

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

A Nodular Submental Mass, Yeshwant B. Rawal, Carl M. Allen, John R. Kalmar

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

A 26-year-old male presented with a 2-month history of a mildly painful, slow growing, nodular mass of the submental region. Examination revealed a 1.5 x 1.0-cm midline swelling of the submental region. The skin over the mass appeared normal. The mass was firm and slightly tender on palpation and appeared to be positioned within the submental space. Intraoral examination did not reveal any obvious pathologic findings and the nearby teeth showed no caries, periodontal disease, or mobility. The patient’s medical history was unremarkable.

Mechanical Behavior And Failure Analysis Of Prosthetic Retaining Screws After Long‐Term Use In Vivo. Part 1: Characterization Of Adhesive Wear And Structure Of Retaining Screws, Youssef S. Al Jabbari, Raymond Fournelle, Gerald J. Ziebert, Jeffrey M. Toth, Anthony Iacopino

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: The general aim of this study and those presented in Parts 2–4 of this series was to characterize the structure, properties, wear, and fracture of prosthetic retaining screws in fixed detachable hybrid prostheses after long‐term use in vivo. This part of the overall investigation addresses whether there are differences in thread wear between the screws closest to the fulcrum and those that are farthest from the fulcrum in fixed detachable hybrid prostheses.

Materials and Methods: The total number of prosthetic retaining screws used in this study was 100 (10 new and 90 used). New screws (controls) from Nobel Biocare …

Mechanical Behavior And Failure Analysis Of Prosthetic Retaining Screws After Long‐Term Use In Vivo. Part 2: Metallurgical And Microhardness Analysis, Youssef S. Al Jabbari, Raymond Fournelle, Gerald J. Ziebert, Jeffrey M. Toth, Anthony Iacopino

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Abstract

Purpose: This study involved testing and analyzing multiple retrieved prosthetic retaining screws after long‐term use in vivo to: (1) detect manufacturing defects that could affect in‐service behavior; (2) characterize the microstructure and alloy composition; and (3) further characterize the wear mechanism of the screw threads.

Materials and Methods: Two new (control) screws from Nobel Biocare (NB) and 18 used (in service 18–120 months) retaining screws [12 from NB and 6 from Sterngold (SG)] were: (1) metallographically examined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the microstructure; (2) analyzed by energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) microanalysis to determine …

Augmented Hypothalamic Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone Mrna And Corticosterone Responses To Stress In Adult Rats Exposed To Perinatal Hypoxia, Hershel Raff, Lauren Jacobson, William E. Cullinan

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Stressful events before or just after parturition alter the subsequent phenotypical response to stress in a general process termed programming. Hypoxia during the period before and during parturition, and in the postnatal period, is one of the most common causes of perinatal distress, morbidity, and mortality. We have found that perinatal hypoxia (prenatal day 19 to postnatal day 14) augmented the corticosterone response to stress and increased basal corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA levels in the parvocellular portion of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in 6-month-old rats. There was no effect on the levels of hypothalamic parvocellular PVN vasopressin mRNA, anterior pituitary …

Sex And Shock Jocks: An Analysis Of The Howard Stern And Bob & Tom Shows, Lawrence Soley

College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications

Studies of mass media show that sexual content has increased during the past three decades and is now commonplace. Research studies have examined the sexual content of many media, but not talk radio. A subcategory of talk radio, called “shock jock” radio, has been repeatedly accused of being indecent and sexually explicit. This study fills in this gap in the literature by presenting a short history and an exploratory content analysis of shock jock radio. The content analysis compares the sexual discussions of two radio talk shows: Infinity’s Howard Stern Show and Clear Channel’s Bob & Tom Show.

Antecedents Of Supply Chain Visibility In Retail Supply Chains: A Resource-Based Theory Perspective, Mark Barratt, Adegoke Oke

Management Faculty Research and Publications

Although visibility has become a popular buzzword in the supply chain literature it remains an ill-defined and poorly understood concept. It is assumed that if companies across supply chains have visibility of demand, inventory levels, processes, etc., that organizational performance improves. This research explores the antecedents of high levels of supply chain visibility from a resource-based theory perspective across five different external supply chain linkages. We find that the level of visibility across these linkages differs considerably based on various contributing factors which are both technology and non-technology based. Using resource-based theory, we identify those factors that can give a …

A Mutant Dec-1 Transgene Induces Dominant Female Sterility In Drosophila Melanogaster, Daniel K. Spangenberg, Gail L. Waring

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The Drosophila dec-1 gene produces three proproteins required for female fertility and eggshell assembly. The three proproteins are distinguished by their C termini. Fc106, the most abundant proprotein, is cleaved within the vitelline membrane to three mature derivatives in a developmentally regulated manner. To define sequences within fc106 that are critical for its function, we created wild-type and mutant versions of an fc106 cDNA transgene. The functional consequences of the mutations were assessed in dec-1⁴, a female-sterile splicing mutant that does not produce the fc106 isoform. The fertility of dec-1⁴ females was restored by the introduction of …

Factors Influencing Cancer Screening Practices Of Underserved Women, Kelly Ackerson, Kimberlee A. Gretebeck

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: This integrated review was conducted to evaluate the factors that inhibit or promote decisions by African American and Hispanic women to obtain cervical cancer screening.

Data sources: Research articles were identified using MEDLINE, PubMed, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health literature, published between 1999 and 2005.

Conclusions: Cervical cancer screening practices of African American and Hispanic women were influenced by extrinsic motivators including lack of insurance, no usual source of health care, acculturation, and socioeconomic factors. Intrinsic motivators were related to beliefs and perceptions of vulnerability, such as ignoring cervical cancer screening when no symptoms were present; …

Review Of "Teaching The Gothic," Edited By Anna Powell And Andrew Smith, Diane Hoeveler

English Faculty Research and Publications

In recent years there has been a considerable growth in scholarship on the Gothic and on supporting reference materials. There has also been a growth in single volume introductory guides to the form which have been crucial in supporting our pedagogic practices (at least in the early weeks of Gothic courses). However, this book, published as part of the MLA's Approaches to Teaching series, provides a much needed analysis of how we go about teaching the Gothic. The content is almost exhaustive and encompasses accounts of teaching the Gothic in fiction and in film and has chapters on a range …

Synthesis Of Cyclopropanes Via Organoiron Methodology: Preparation Of Rac-Dysibetaine Cpa, Tasneem A. Siddiquee, Julie Lukesh, Sergey Sergey Lindeman, William A. Donaldson

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The cyclopropane containing betaine, rac-dysibetaine CPa, was prepared from (1-methoxycarbonylpentadienyl)-Fe(CO)₂PPh₃⁺ by nucleophilic addition of nitromethane anion followed by oxidatively induced reductive elimination.

Physical Properties Of Denture Base Resins Potentially Resistant To Candida Adhesion, Gunjan Dhir, David W. Berzins, Virendra B. Dhuru, Periathamby A. Raj, Andrew R. Dentino

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: The addition of anionic charge on denture base resins has been shown to inhibit Candida albicans adhesion and to facilitate adsorption of salivary defense molecules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of a modified denture base resin for denture fabrication.

Materials and Methods: Specimens made from heat polymerizing resin Lucitone 199 were used as the control group. The two experimental groups, E-10 and E-20, had 10% and 20%, respectively, of the monomer substituted with an experimental phosphate-containing monomer. Flexural strength and modulus, water sorption, solubility, and color stability tests were conducted to ensure compliance …

Reclaiming The Moral In The Dispositions Debate, Terry J. Burant, Sharon Chubbuck, Joan Whipp

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

This article addresses the current debates about the definition and assessment of dispositions in teacher education. Competing perspectives on the definitions and assessment of dispositions in teacher education are examined and critiqued, and a renewed commitment to foregrounding the moral nature of teaching is suggested. Recommendations for understanding and assessing the moral in teacher education, including the development of a code of ethics for the profession, are provided.

Evidence For A Dinuclear Active Site In The Metallo-Β-Lactamase Bcii With Substoichiometric Co(Ii): A New Model For Uptake, Leticia L. Llarrull, Mariana F. Tioni, Jason M. Kowalski, Brian Bennett, Alejandro J. Vila

Physics Faculty Research and Publications

Metallo-β-lactamases are zinc-dependent enzymes that constitute one of the main resistance mechanisms to β-lactam antibiotics. Metallo-β-lactamases have been characterized both in mono- and dimetallic forms. Despite many studies, the role of each metal binding site in substrate binding and catalysis is still unclear. This is mostly due to the difficulties in assessing the metal content and site occupancy in solution. For this reason, Co(II) has been utilized as a useful probe of the active site structure. We have employed UV-visible, EPR, and NMR spectroscopy to study Co(II) binding to the metallo-β-lactamase BcII from Bacillus cereus. The spectroscopic features were …

Airway Strain During Mechanical Ventilation In An Intact Animal Model, Scott W. Sinclair, Robert C. Molthen, Steven Thomas Haworth, Christopher A. Dawson, Christopher M. Waters

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Rationale: Mechanical ventilation with large tidal volumes causes ventilator-induced lung injury in animal models. Little direct evidence exists regarding the deformation of airways in vivo during mechanical ventilation, or in the presence of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP).

Objectives: To measure airway strain and to estimate airway wall tension during mechanical ventilation in an intact animal model.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated with tidal volumes of 6, 12, and 25 cm³/kg with and without 10–cm H₂O PEEP. Real-time tantalum bronchograms were obtained for each condition, using microfocal X-ray imaging. Images were …