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Interplay Between Human Microbiota And Celiac Disease, John James Colgan
Interplay Between Human Microbiota And Celiac Disease, John James Colgan
Master's Theses
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine in which gluten, an energy-storage protein in wheat and other cereals, elicits an immune response leading to villous atrophy. Despite a strong genetic component, the disease arises sporadically over the lifetime leading us to hypothesize the microbiome might be a trigger. Here, we re-examined 16S data from 3 prior studies examining celiac disease and the microbiome with newer computational tools: the dada2 and PICRUSt 2 pipelines. Our results both confirmed findings of previous studies and generated new data regarding the celiac microbiome of India and Mexico. The datasets were also …
Integrating Current Analyses Of The Breast Cancer Microbiome, Sidra Sohail
Integrating Current Analyses Of The Breast Cancer Microbiome, Sidra Sohail
Master's Theses
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death for women in the US. Many cancertypes have significant associations with their resident microbial communities - emerging evidence suggests that breast cancers also interact with the local tissue-associated microbiota. Studies have examined the relationship between breast cancer and its microbiome, however, the studies varied in their approaches used to evaluate these relationships. Microbiome research advances rapidly and analysis pipelines and databases are updated frequently. This dynamic environment makes inter-study comparisons and superficial evaluations challenging as no two studies are using the same standards for evaluation. Researchers have observed the microbiota of …
Longitudinal Urinary Microbiome Studies: A Need To Transition To Voided Urine, Baylie Hochstedler
Longitudinal Urinary Microbiome Studies: A Need To Transition To Voided Urine, Baylie Hochstedler
Master's Theses
It is now established that the bladder is not sterile; it contains communities of microbes (microbiota). While the healthy bladder microbiota have been defined using expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC) and urines obtained by transurethral catheterization (TUC), longitudinal and population studies have not previously been possible. These studies cannot be done using TUC urines, as it would be impractical to catheterize participants daily. Instead, we must transition to using voided urines.In order to make this switch, we have addressed three main issues raised by using voided urine. First, we showed that EQUC out performs standard urine culture on voided urines …
Optimizing Clean Catch Urine Collection And Its Applications In Urinary Microbiome Studies, Danielle Johansen
Optimizing Clean Catch Urine Collection And Its Applications In Urinary Microbiome Studies, Danielle Johansen
Master's Theses
Clean catch was developed before the advancement of more sensitive assays for culturing urinary bacteria. I reassessed clean catch, endeavoring to optimize this method. Periurethral swabs and voided urines were routinely collected, while analyzing different aspects of the method. I determined that midstream urine contained the least amount of vulvo-vaginal contamination and that the time of collection did not impact the results. I also determined that the use of antiseptic wipes prior to void increased the level of vulvo-vaginal contamination. A small cohort of females collected daily urines over a 17-day period and kept a strict alcohol diary. Females who …