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Caregiver Stress And Well-Being As A Function Of Multiple Roles., Gwendolyn Miller Moore
Caregiver Stress And Well-Being As A Function Of Multiple Roles., Gwendolyn Miller Moore
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Predictors of caregiver psychological well-being, including depression, marital satisfaction, positive affect and negative affect were examined as a function of primary and secondary stress. Measures assessing these outcomes as well as role overload, inter-role conflict and care receiver impairment were administered to 77 female caregivers of dementia patients. A comparison group of 80 females was also included. Results demonstrated that noncaregivers experienced significantly higher positive affect than caregivers. In addition, differential mediating relationships were found between primary and secondary stressors contingent upon the type of outcome examined. More specifically, inter-role conflict mediated the relationship between work overload and both positive …
Subordinate Independence: A Boundary Condition On The Effectiveness Of Transformational Leadership?, Terry Michael Dockery
Subordinate Independence: A Boundary Condition On The Effectiveness Of Transformational Leadership?, Terry Michael Dockery
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The present study hypothesized that subordinate independence would act as a boundary condition on the effectiveness of transformation leadership; that is, that independence would moderate the relationship between transformational leadership and several dependent variables. More specifically, subordinates who responded favorably to transformational leaders were expected to be low in independence. The dependent variables employed in the study included subordinate reactions to the leader (satisfaction with the leader, perceived effectiveness of the leader, and willingness to exert extra effort due to the leader), individual subordinate performance, and discretionary subordinate organizational citizenship behavior. Study results did not support the hypotheses at the.05 …
Analysis Of A Multidimensional Model Of Body Image Disturbance Using Structural Modeling., David Hunter Gleaves
Analysis Of A Multidimensional Model Of Body Image Disturbance Using Structural Modeling., David Hunter Gleaves
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Although there has been a wealth of recent research on the construct of body image disturbance, it is still a highly controversial and poorly understood phenomenon. Much of previous research has treated body image disturbance as if it were a unidimensional construct. Recently, a multidimensional model was proposed which incorporated the concepts of body size distortion, preference for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and fear of fatness. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine this multidimensional model in an attempt to establish its validity and resolve many of the current controversies regarding body image disturbance. The LISREL 7 program was …
Reliability And Validity Of The Teen Substance Abuse Rating Scale., Brett Elliott Hemstreet
Reliability And Validity Of The Teen Substance Abuse Rating Scale., Brett Elliott Hemstreet
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study used 57 adolescent substance abusers receiving treatment and 510 adolescent controls in a validation of the Teen Substance Abuse Rating Scale (TSARS; Hemstreet, 1991). The TSARS was originally designed as a relatively brief, easy to read self-report questionnaire to discriminate between adolescent substance abusers and nonabusers. The 92 items of the TSARS represent specific behaviors that are answered in a Yes/No format. The TSARS was examined to determine if it would meet validity criteria presented by Winters (1990) and Swadi (1990), as well as those presented in the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (APA, 1985). A principal …
Computer Training: The Role Of Computer Attitudes And Behavior Modeling In The Acquisition Of Declarative And Procedural Knowledge., Drew Benjamin Brock
Computer Training: The Role Of Computer Attitudes And Behavior Modeling In The Acquisition Of Declarative And Procedural Knowledge., Drew Benjamin Brock
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This research examined technology training (using computers as a specific instance of technology) in a framework that integrated concepts drawn from cognitive and social learning theory. Borrowing from cognitive learning theory, two types of knowledge were assessed: declarative knowledge (knowing what) and procedural knowledge (knowing how). Behavior modeling training, drawn from social learning theory, was used as the primary training methodology. It was proposed that the factors contributing to learning as a function of behavior modeling are the same factors that lead to procedural knowledge acquisition. I also examined the effects of two major attitudes toward computers in predicting computer …
A Criterion Validity Study Of The Schizophrenia Subscale Of The Pimra., Naomi Arffa Swiezy
A Criterion Validity Study Of The Schizophrenia Subscale Of The Pimra., Naomi Arffa Swiezy
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Sixty-five mildly to moderately mentally retarded adult patients from institutional and community placements in Louisiana and Texas and with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, depression, or no psychopathology were recruited. The primary goal of the study was to establish the validity of the schizophrenia subscale of the PIMRA for diagnosing schizophrenia among mentally retarded individuals. The same methods utilized to determine the validity of the schizophrenia subscale were also used to replicate the validation of the depression subscale of the PIMRA. In addition, the extent to which other PIMRA subscale scores aid in diagnosis was investigated. Assessment measures included the informant …
Memory Bias And Body Image Disturbance In Normal Weight Body Dysphoric Women., Jeffrey Duane Baker
Memory Bias And Body Image Disturbance In Normal Weight Body Dysphoric Women., Jeffrey Duane Baker
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Body dysphoria is common in the general population and is thought to be associated with the development of eating disorders. Few studies have examined the role of cognitive processes in normal weight body dysphoric women. This study proposed an associative memory model of body dysphoria. The model predicted an increased memory bias for negative body words and increased body image disturbance in high body dysphoric subjects induced to a depressive mood. Based on the proposed model of body dysphoria, high dysphoric subjects were also predicted to give more depressive/negative body word associates on a word association task. Finally, the Pathfinder …
Daily Stress And Smoking., Kathryn Leigh Nathan
Daily Stress And Smoking., Kathryn Leigh Nathan
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study examined daily minor stress and cigarette smoking in adult habitual smokers. In this study, 55 subjects monitored daily stress, daily state anxiety, and daily cigarette intake for 21 consecutive days. Subjects also completed measures of trait anxiety, self-reported smoking motives, recent major life events, and social support. These variables, along with gender, were used to predict associations between daily cigarette intake and scores on daily stress and anxiety inventories. Results of within- and between-subjects time series correlational analyses showed significant associations between scores on measures of daily stress and daily cigarette intake. While subjects as individuals showed marked …
Dual Diagnosis In Persons With Severe Or Profound Mental Retardation: A Reliability Study Of The Dash., Jay Anthony Sevin
Dual Diagnosis In Persons With Severe Or Profound Mental Retardation: A Reliability Study Of The Dash., Jay Anthony Sevin
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The present study was designed to extend the literature on assessing psychopathology in persons with mental retardation. The primary goal of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped (DASH), focusing on reliability issues. A secondary goal was to examine the prevalence of psychopathology and behavior problems in the severely handicapped. Subjects included 658 institutionalized adults with severe or profound mental retardation. Adequate reliability of DASH items and subscales, with a few notable exceptions, was obtained. Prevalence rates of various behavior disorders and symptoms of mental illness are presented. Practical implications of …
Depressive Symptoms In Prepubertal Children., Lesley Stabinsky Compton
Depressive Symptoms In Prepubertal Children., Lesley Stabinsky Compton
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study was designed: (1) to explore interinformant reliability between preadolescent students, their teachers, and their parents; (2) to investigate the use of standardized and non-standardized academic variables as predictors of depression; and (3) to assess differences in depression between black and white students. One hundred and twenty, fourth and fifth grade students and teachers participated. Sixty-eight parents also volunteered for this study. The Child Depression Inventory and the modified Bellevue Index of Depression were administered to students, teachers, and parents. Significant but moderate interinformant reliability was found between teachers and students and between teachers and parents on both assessment …
Psychological Reactions To An Mi: A Study Of Attention And Avoidance To Cardiac Stimuli., Joseph Ila Constans
Psychological Reactions To An Mi: A Study Of Attention And Avoidance To Cardiac Stimuli., Joseph Ila Constans
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Previous research has shown that anxiety-disordered subjects attend to information directly relevant to their area of concern. In this study, it was postulated that cardiac-related stimuli would have attention capturing characteristics for individuals with no psychiatric history but who had recently experienced a myocardial infarction (MI). To study this hypothesis, MI subjects (n = 34) and matched controls (n = 31) participated in an attentional search task. MI subjects showed slower reaction times (RT) for both cardiac and socially threatening distractors compared to RT when neutral distractors were present. For both MI and control subjects distress level was associated with …
The Development Of An Inventory To Measure Bereavement., David Nicholas Hayes
The Development Of An Inventory To Measure Bereavement., David Nicholas Hayes
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study describes the development of a self-report inventory to measure bereavement. The inventory was called the Hayes Bereavement Inventory (HBI). Items for the inventory were provided by four grief therapists with at least three years of experience in bereavement counseling. Items were written in a format similar to the Beck Depression Inventory. Four hundred and forty adults bereaved in the past five years completed the bereavement inventory, three widely used self-report measures of depression, anxiety, and anger, and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Respondents lost loved ones to death from a variety of causes which included medical diseases, car accidents, …
Attentional Bias And Subjective Risk In Hypochondriacal Concern., Polly Beth Hitchcock
Attentional Bias And Subjective Risk In Hypochondriacal Concern., Polly Beth Hitchcock
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Although cognitive theories suggest that attentional bias to illness stimuli and inflation of subjective risk of future negative health events are etiologically related to hypochondriacal concern, little empirical research has been conducted on these cognitive distortions. The present study investigated attentional bias, as inferred from RTs on an attentional search information processing paradigm, and subjective risk, as measured by probability judgments of future health events, in 200 medical outpatients differing in level of hypochondriacal concern. It was hypothesized that hypochondriacal concern would be associated with specific cognitive biases for illness-related, as opposed to socially threatening, stimuli. It was also hypothesized …
The Antecedents And Consequences Of Transformational Leadership., Andrew J. Meibaum Iii
The Antecedents And Consequences Of Transformational Leadership., Andrew J. Meibaum Iii
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
The present study examined the relations among theoretical antecedents and consequences of transformational leadership style. Thirty hospital CEOs completed questionnaires measuring self-esteem, autonomy, need for achievement, dominance, and hospital strategy. In addition, 214 subordinates rated the leadership style of the 30 CEOs. The hypothesized links between CEO personality and transformational leadership style were not supported. Also, the hypothesized relation between transformational leadership style and organizational effectiveness was not supported. Supplemental analyses revealed a direct relation between CEO self-esteem and organizational effectiveness and between organizational strategy and organizational effectiveness. Specifically, CEO self-esteem was positively related to organizational effectiveness, and a domain-offensive …
Differential Comparison Standards And Their Subsequent Effects On The Agreement Between Self- And Supervisor Performance Appraisal Ratings., Brian Wayne Schrader
Differential Comparison Standards And Their Subsequent Effects On The Agreement Between Self- And Supervisor Performance Appraisal Ratings., Brian Wayne Schrader
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
This study examined differential comparison standards (i.e., comparative bases for performance evaluation) and their effects on the level of agreement between supervisory and self-raters (i.e., subordinates) within the context of a performance appraisal system. The purpose of the research was to determine whether differential comparison standards represented an underlying mechanism in the traditionally poor correlational relationship between self-supervisor performance ratings. Supervisor and subordinate rater dyads (N = 106 dyads) evaluated job performance across three dimensions using five different comparison standards (ambiguous, internal, absolute, relative, and multiple) in addition to providing preference, availability, and relevancy ratings. Results supported the hypotheses indicating …
Psychosocial Co-Factors And Hiv Disease Status., Bradley Thomas Thomason
Psychosocial Co-Factors And Hiv Disease Status., Bradley Thomas Thomason
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Concern over the devastating effects of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been met with rigorous research efforts by allied health professions. Identifying variables, or co-factors, that contribute to the progression of HIV has been of increased interest to health professionals in recent years. Social scientists as well as medical professionals have begun to offer evidence that certain psychosocial co-factors are important in predicting the health status of HIV-positive individuals. A few models have been offered to illustrate the interrelations among psychosocial co-factors and HIV disease. Stress, social support, coping, and mood states constitute the most frequently researched variables in …
The Role Of Pre-Response And Post-Response Augmented Learning Variables In Motor Skill Acquisition., M. Jerome Hand
The Role Of Pre-Response And Post-Response Augmented Learning Variables In Motor Skill Acquisition., M. Jerome Hand
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Verbal instructions, modeling, videotaped replay (VTR), and knowledge of performance (KP) are augmented learning variables that practitioners commonly present to learners to facilitate the acquisition of motor skill. Two experiments are reported that sought to determine how each of these variables affect skill acquisition and the cognitive representations responsible for producing such skill. Learning variables were classified as pre-response (verbal instructions and modeling) or post-response (VTR and KP), depending whether the information given pertained to the subsequent trial or the previous trial, respectively. Experiment 1 investigated the effects of each variable separately, while Experiment 2 examined whether a combination of …
Recognition And Production Of Facial Emotion By Autistic Children., Steven R. Love
Recognition And Production Of Facial Emotion By Autistic Children., Steven R. Love
LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Autistic males ages 8 to 16 made significantly more errors than did chronologically and intellectually age-matched nonautistic normal and mentally retarded males on emotion recognition tasks using audiotaped and videotaped emotion sequences. The audiotape and videotape included "happy" "sad," "scared," "angry," and "no emotion" sequences. Emotional sequences included emotionally relevant verbal content and the length of verbalized material in the emotional sequences was limited to between 4 and 10 words. Videotaped sequences showed actors portraying facial expressions and verbal content consistent with the five emotion states. Both tapes were rated by normal adults and children as containing "socially valid" representations …