Digital Commons Network^™

Accelerated Resolution Therapy For Treatment Of Pain Secondary To Symptoms Of Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Kevin E. Kip, Laney Rosenzweig, Diego F. Hernandez, Amy Shuman, David M. Diamond, Sue Ann Girling, Kelly L. Sullivan, Trudy R. Wittenberg, Ann M. Witt, Cecile A. Lengacher, Brian Anderson, Susan C. Mcmillan

Kelly L. Sullivan

Background: As many as 70% of veterans with chronic pain treated within the US Veterans Administration (VA) system may have posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and conversely, up to 80% of those with PTSD may have pain. We describe pain experienced by US service members and veterans with symptoms of PTSD, and report on the effect of Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART), a new, brief exposure-based therapy, on acute pain reduction secondary to treatment of symptoms of PTSD.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial of ART versus an attention control (AC) regimen was conducted among 45 US service members/veterans with symptoms of combat-related …

Multiscale Geometric Modeling Of Macromolecules I: Cartesian Representation, Kelin Xia, Xin Feng, Zhan Chen, Yiying Tong, Guo-Wei Wei

Zhan Chen

This paper focuses on the geometric modeling and computational algorithm development of biomolecular structures from two data sources: Protein Data Bank (PDB) and Electron Microscopy Data Bank (EMDB) in the Eulerian (or Cartesian) representation. Molecular surface (MS) contains non-smooth geometric singularities, such as cusps, tips and self-intersecting facets, which often lead to computational instabilities in molecular simulations, and violate the physical principle of surface free energy minimization. Variational multiscale surface definitions are proposed based on geometric flows and solvation analysis of biomolecular systems. Our approach leads to geometric and potential driven Laplace–Beltrami flows for biomolecular surface evolution and formation. The …

Matrices From Vegetable Oils, Cashew Nut Shell Liquid, And Other Relevant Systems For Biocomposite Applications, Rafael L. Quirino, Thomas F. Garrison, Michael R. Kessler

Rafael L. Quirino

The partial replacement of petroleum-derived plastics and composites by novel bio-based materials from inexpensive, renewable, natural resources has the potential to greatly impact the plastics, coatings, and composites industries. Natural starting materials are usually abundant and renewable on a time scale many orders of magnitude smaller than petroleum. These characteristics, in combination with good mechanical properties, make the design of bio-based composites an interesting strategy for lowering the environmental impact of the plastics and composites industries while maintaining economical competitiveness. The present review will focus on the progress made over the last decade in the development of a select group …

A Two Years Longitudinal Study Of A Transgenic Huntington Disease Monkey, Anthony W. S. Chan, Yan Xu, Jie Jiang, Tayeb Rahim, Jannet Kocerha, Dongming Zhao, Tim Chi, Heidi Engelhardt, Sean Moran, Katherine Larkin, Adam Neumann, Haiying Cheng, Chunxia Li, Katie Nelson, Heather Banta, Stuart M. Zola, Francois Villinger, Jinjing Yang, Claudia M. Testa, Hui Mao, Xiaodong Zhang, Jocelyne Bachevalier

Jannet Kocerha

Background: A two-year longitudinal study composed of morphometric MRI measures and cognitive behavioral evaluation was performed on a transgenic Huntington’s disease (HD) monkey. rHD1, a transgenic HD monkey expressing exon 1 of the human gene encoding huntingtin (HTT) with 29 CAG repeats regulated by a human polyubiquitin C promoter was used together with four age-matched wild-type control monkeys. This is the first study on a primate model of human HD based on longitudinal clinical measurements.

Results: Changes in striatal and hippocampal volumes in rHD1 were observed with progressive impairment in motor functions and cognitive decline, including deficits in learning stimulus-reward …

Treatment Of Neurodegenerative Ataxias With Intravenous Immune Globulin, Theresa A. Zesiewicz, Seok Hun Kim, Kelly L. Sullivan, Jeannie Stephenson, Israt Jahan, Susan L. Perlman, Jessica D. Shaw, Tuan Vu, Clifton L. Gooch

Kelly L. Sullivan

Background: Neurodegenerative ataxias, including spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs), are progressive diseases without effective treatment. There is preclinical evidence that inflammation may contribute to neuronal injury in several neurodegenerative ataxias. Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) is a therapeutic modality that is used as treatment of several autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.
Methods: The primary objective of this open-label pilot study was to assess the effect of IVIG on neurodegenerative ataxias as measured by total scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) score. Three patients received IVIG (2 g/kg of body weight, divided over 5 days) once monthly for 3 months, and were …

Premorbid Personality And The Risk Of Parkinson's Disease, Kelly L. Sullivan, James A. Mortimer, Wei Wang, Theresa A. Zesiewicz, James H. Brownlee Jr., Amy R. Borenstein

Kelly L. Sullivan

Background: Previous studies support the hypothesis that premorbid personality characteristics may be associated with the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, most of these relied upon subjective reports of premorbid personality earlier in life, which may be subject to recall bias. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the association of PD with risk-taking, routinization, smoking and alcohol consumption in early-adult life as indicators of premorbid personality.
Methods: In-person interviews were conducted with 89 PD patients and 99 controls from a university-based medical center. Associations between indicators of early-adult personality and risk of PD were examined using logistic …

Longitudinal Transcriptomic Dysregulation In The Peripheral Blood Of Transgenic Huntington’S Disease Monkeys, Jannet Kocerha, Yuhong Liu, David Willoughby, Kumaravel Chidamparam, Joseph Benito, Kate Nelson, Yan Xu, Tim Chi, Heidi Engelhardt, Sean Moran, Shang-Hsun Yang, Shi-Hua Li, Xiao-Jiang Li, Katherine Larkin, Adam Neumann, Heather Banta, Jinjing Yang, Anthony W. S. Chan

Jannet Kocerha

Background: Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion in the polyglutamine (polyQ) region of the Huntingtin (HTT) gene. The clinical features of HD are characterized by cognitive, psychological, and motor deficits. Molecular instability, a core component in neurological disease progression, can be comprehensively evaluated through longitudinal transcriptomic profiling. Development of animal models amenable to longitudinal examination enables distinct disease-associated mechanisms to be identified.

Results: Here we report the first longitudinal study of transgenic monkeys with genomic integration of various lengths of the human HTT gene and a range of polyQ repeats. With this unique group …

Brief Treatment Of Co-Occurring Post-Traumatic Stress And Depressive Symptoms By Use Of Accelerated Resolution Therapy®, Kevin E. Kip, Kelly L. Sullivan, Cecile A. Lengacher, Laney Rosenzweig, Diego F. Hernandez, Rejendra P. Kadel, Frank A. Kozel, Amy Shuman, Sue Ann Girling, Marian J. Hardwick, David M. Diamond

Kelly L. Sullivan

This uncontrolled prospective cohort study evaluated the use of accelerated resolution therapy (ART) for treatment of comorbid symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder. Twenty-eight adult subjects, mean age of 41 years (79% female, 36% Hispanic), received a mean of 3.7 ± 1.1 ART treatment sessions (range 1-5). ART is a new exposure-based psychotherapy that makes use of eye movements. Subjects completed a range of self-report psychological measures before and after treatment with ART including the 17-item PCL-C checklist (symptoms of PTSD) and 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). For the PCL-C, the pre-ART mean …

Advances In Profiling Of Noncoding Rnas In Neurological Disease, Murray J. Cairns, Jannet Kocerha

Jannet Kocerha

No abstract provided.

Variational Multiscale Models For Charge Transport, Guo-Wei Wei, Qiong Zheng, Zhan Chen, Kelin Xia

Zhan Chen

This work presents a few variational multiscale models for charge transport in complex physical, chemical, and biological systems and engineering devices, such as fuel cells, solar cells, battery cells, nanofluidics, transistors, and ion channels. An essential ingredient of the present models, introduced in an earlier paper [Bull. Math. Biol., 72 (2010), pp. 1562--1622], is the use of the differential geometry theory of surfaces as a natural means to geometrically separate the macroscopic domain from the microscopic domain, while dynamically coupling discrete and continuum descriptions. Our main strategy is to construct the total energy functional of a charge transport system to …

Expression Of Fused In Sarcoma Mutations In Mice Recapitulates The Neuropathology Of Fus Proteinopathies And Provides Insight Into Disease Pathogenesis, Christophe Verbeeck, Mariely Dejesus-Hernandez, Carolina Ceballos-Diaz, Jannet Kocerha, Todd Golde, Pritam Das, Rosa Rademakers, Dennis W. Dickson, Thomas Kukar

Jannet Kocerha

Background: Mutations in the gene encoding the RNA-binding protein fused in sarcoma (FUS) can cause familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and rarely frontotemproal dementia (FTD). FUS accumulates in neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCIs) in ALS patients with FUS mutations. FUS is also a major pathologic marker for a group of less common forms of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), which includes atypical FTLD with ubiquitinated inclusions (aFTLD-U), neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease (NIFID) and basophilic inclusion body disease (BIBD). These diseases are now called FUS proteinopathies, because they share this disease marker. It is unknown how FUS mutations cause disease …

Balance With Unbounded Complexes, Edgar E. Enochs, Sergio Estrada, Alina Iacob

Alina Iacob

Given a double complex X there are spectral sequences with the E2 terms being either HI (HII(X)) or HII(HI(X)). But if HI(X)=HII(X)=0, then both spectral sequences have all their terms 0. This can happen even though there is nonzero (co)homology of interest associated withX. This is frequently the case when dealing with Tate (co)homology. So, in this situation the spectral sequences may not give any information about the (co)homology of interest. In this article, we give a different way of …

The Path To Microrna Therapeutics In Psychiatric And Neurodegenerative Disorders, Anthony W. S. Chan, Jannet Kocerha

Jannet Kocerha

The microRNA (miRNA) class of non-coding RNAs exhibit a diverse range of regulatory roles in neuronal functions that are conserved from lower vertebrates to primates. Disruption of miRNA expression has compellingly been linked to pathogenesis in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, and autism. The list of transcript targets governed by a single miRNA provide a molecular paradigm applicable for therapeutic intervention. Indeed, reports have shown that specific manipulation of a miRNA in cell or animal models can significantly alter phenotypes linked with neurological disease. Here, we review how a diverse range of biological systems, including Drosophila, …

Sustained Medication Reduction Following Unilateral Vim Thalamic Stimulation For Essential Tremor, Andrew S. Resnick, Michael S. Okun, Teresita Malapira, Donald A. Smith, Fernando L. Vale, Kelly L. Sullivan, Amber M. Miller, Israt Jahan, Theresa A. Zesiewicz

Kelly L. Sullivan

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an increasingly utilized therapeutic modality for the management of medication refractory essential tremor (ET). The aim of this study was to determine whether DBS allowed for anti-tremor medication reduction within the year after the procedure was performed.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review and telephone interviews on 34 consecutive patients who had been diagnosed with ET, and who had undergone unilateral DBS surgery.
Results: Of the 34 patients in our cohort, 31 patients (91%) completely stopped all anti-tremor medications either before surgery (21 patients, 62%) or in the year following DBS surgery (10 …

Vatdt: Visual Assessment Of Cluster Tendency Using Diagonal Tracing, Yingkang Hu

Yingkang Hu

The visual assessment of tendency (VAT) technique, for visually finding the number of meaningful clusters in data, developed by J. C. Bezdek, R. J. Hathaway and J. M. Huband, is very useful, but there is room for improvements. Instead of displaying the ordered dissimilarity matrix (ODM) as a 2D gray-level image for human interpretation as is done by VAT, we trace the changes in dissimilarities along the diagonal of the ODM. This changes the 2D data structure (matrices) into 1D arrays, displayed as what we call the tendency curves, which enables one to concentrate only on one variable, namely the …

Smoke Gets In Your Eyes: Trials And Triumphs Of Implementing The Exlibris Primo Discovery Tool In A Small Regional Consortium, Jeffrey M. Mortimore, Leah M. Dunn, Drew A. Mcnaughton, Elizabeth Novicki, Elizabeth J. Wade, Christine A. Whittington

Jeffrey M. Mortimore

This article presents a case study of the NC-PALS (North Carolina-Piedmont Automated Library System, Inc.) consortium's selection and implementation of the Ex Libris Primo Central discovery service, with the purpose of highlighting considerations, challenges, and concerns presented by our experiences. This case study may help inform planning and implementation of similar discovery services in small- and medium-sized libraries or consortia. Following a review of the literature on user behaviors and Web-scale discovery services, this study offers a detailed description of NC-PALS's experiences selecting and implementing Primo, giving attention to trials and triumphs along the way and identifying ongoing challenges that …

Differential Geometry Based Solvation Model Ii: Lagrangian Formulation, Zhan Chen, Nathan A. Baker, Guo-Wei Wei

Zhan Chen

Solvation is an elementary process in nature and is of paramount importance to more sophisticated chemical, biological and biomolecular processes. The understanding of solvation is an essential prerequisite for the quantitative description and analysis of biomolecular systems. This work presents a Lagrangian formulation of our differential geometry based solvation models. The Lagrangian representation of biomolecular surfaces has a few utilities/advantages. First, it provides an essential basis for biomolecular visualization, surface electrostatic potential map and visual perception of biomolecules. Additionally, it is consistent with the conventional setting of implicit solvent theories and thus, many existing theoretical algorithms and computational software packages …

Altered Microrna Expression In Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration With Tdp-43 Pathology Caused By Progranulin Mutations, Jannet Kocerha, Naomi Kouri, Matt Baker, Nicole Finch, Mariely Dejesus-Hernandez, John Gonzalez, Kumaravel Chidamparam, Keith A. Josephs, Bradley F. Boeve, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Julia Crook, Dennis W. Dickson, Rosa Rademakers

Jannet Kocerha

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that can be triggered through genetic or sporadic mechanisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have become a major therapeutic focus as their pervasive expression and powerful regulatory roles in disease pathogenesis become increasingly apparent. Here we examine the role of miRNAs in FTLD patients with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 pathology (FTLD-TDP) caused by genetic mutations in the progranulin (PGRN) gene.

Results

Using miRNA array profiling, we identified the 20 miRNAs that showed greatest evidence (unadjusted P < 0.05) of dysregulation in frontal cortex of eight FTLD-TDP patients carrying PGRN mutations when compared to 32 FTLD-TDP patients with no apparent genetic abnormalities. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses provided technical validation of the differential expression for 9 of the 20 miRNAs in frontal cortex. Additional qRT-PCR analyses showed that 5 out of 9 miRNAs (miR-922, miR-516a-3p, miR-571, miR-548b-5p, and miR-548c-5p) were also significantly dysregulated (unadjusted P < 0.05) in cerebellar tissue samples of PGRN mutation carriers, consistent with a systemic reduction in PGRN levels. We developed a list of gene targets for the 5 candidate miRNAs and found 18 genes dysregulated in a reported FTLD mRNA study to exhibit anti-correlated miRNA-mRNA patterns in affected cortex and cerebellar tissue. Among the targets is brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 3, which was recently identified as an important player in synapse biology.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that miRNAs may contribute to the pathogenesis of FTLD-TDP caused by PGRN mutations and …

Quantitative Tremor Analysis In Welders: Comparison With Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease And Essential Tremor, Juan Sanchez-Ramos, Dacy Reimer, Theresa A. Zesiewicz, Kelly L. Sullivan, Paul A. Nausieda

Kelly L. Sullivan

Background: Workers chronically exposed to manganese in welding fumes may develop an extra-pyramidal syndrome with postural and action tremors.
Objectives: To determine the utility of tremor analysis in distinguishing tremors among workers exposed to welding fumes, patients with Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease (IPD) and Essential Tremor (ET).
Methods: Retrospective study of recorded tremor in subjects from academic Movement Disorders Clinics and Welders. Quantitative tremor analysis was performed and associated with clinical status.
Results: Postural tremor intensity was increased in Welders and ET and was associated with visibly greater amplitude of tremor with arms extended. Mean center frequencies (Cf) of welders and …

Disassembly Of Preformed Amyloid Ss Fibrils By Small Organofluorine Molecules, Abha Sood, Abid Shaikh, Catharine Sauer, Samson Hailemichael, Michelle Foster, Béla Török, Marianna Török

Abid Shaikh

A potential therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease is to reduce the amount of toxic amyloid-beta oligomers and fibrillar amyloid plaques. In order to contribute to this approach the ability of small organofluorine compounds that were previously reported as successful inhibitors of fibrillogenesis to destabilize preformed fibrils of the amyloid-beta peptide was studied. These organofluorine molecules including chiral compounds were tested in vitro using standard methods based on Thioflavin-T (THT) fluorescence spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It was observed that 5′-halogen substituted 3,3,3-trifluoromethyl-2-hydroxyl-(indol-3-yl)-propionic acid esters showed significant activity in the disassembly of the preformed fibrils. Since …

Creating Community-Academic Partnerships For Cancer Disparities Research And Health Promotion, John S. Luque, Cathy D. Meade, Janelle M. Menard, Dinorah Martinez Tyson, Clement K. Gwede

John S. Luque

To effectively attenuate cancer disparities in multiethnic, medically underserved populations, interventions must be developed collaboratively through solid community-academic partnerships and driven by community-based participatory research (CBPR). The Tampa Bay Community Cancer Network (TBCCN) has been created to identify and implement interventions to address local cancer disparities in partnership with community-based nonprofit organizations, faith-based groups, community health centers, local media, and adult literacy and education organizations. TBCCN activities and research efforts are geared toward addressing critical information and access issues related to cancer control and prevention in diverse communities in the Tampa Bay area. Such efforts include cross-cultural health promotion, screening, …

Observation Of A Red-Blue Detuning Asymmetry In Matter-Wave Superradiance, L. Deng, E. W. Hagley, Qiang Cao, Xiaorui Wang, Xinyu Luo, Ruquan Wang, Marvin G. Payne, Fan Yang, Xiaoji Chen, Mingsheng Zhan

Marvin G. Payne

We report the first experimental observation of strong suppression of matter-wave superradiance using blue-detuned pump light and demonstrate a pump-laser detuning asymmetry in the collective atomic recoil motion. In contrast to all previous theoretical frameworks, which predict that the process should be symmetric with respect to the sign of the detuning of the pump laser from the one-photon resonance, we find that for condensates the symmetry is broken. With high condensate densities and red-detuned pump light the distinctive multiorder, matter-wave scattering pattern is clearly visible, whereas with blue-detuned pump light superradiance is strongly suppressed. However, in the limit of a …

Differential Geometry Based Solvation Model I: Eulerian Formulation, Zhan Chen, Nathan A. Baker, Guo-Wei Wei

Zhan Chen

This paper presents a differential geometry based model for the analysis and computation of the equilibrium property of solvation. Differential geometry theory of surfaces is utilized to define and construct smooth interfaces with good stability and differentiability for use in characterizing the solvent–solute boundaries and in generating continuous dielectric functions across the computational domain. A total free energy functional is constructed to couple polar and nonpolar contributions to the solvation process. Geometric measure theory is employed to rigorously convert a Lagrangian formulation of the surface energy into an Eulerian formulation so as to bring all energy terms into an equal …

Rnai Screen Indicates Widespread Biological Function For Human Natural Antisense Transcripts, Mohammad A. Faghihi, Jannet Kocerha, F. Modarresi, P. G. Engstrom, A. M. Chalk, S. P. Brothers, E. Koesema, G. St. Laurent, Claes Wahlestedt

Jannet Kocerha

Natural antisense transcripts represent a class of regulatory RNA molecules, which are characterized by their complementary sequence to another RNA transcript. Extensive sequencing efforts suggest that natural antisense transcripts are prevalent throughout the mammalian genome; however, their biological significance has not been well defined. We performed a loss-of-function RNA interference (RNAi) screen, which targeted 797 evolutionary conserved antisense transcripts, and found evidence for a regulatory role for a number of natural antisense transcripts. Specifically, we found that natural antisense transcripts for CCPG1 and RAPGEF3 may functionally disrupt signaling pathways and corresponding biological phenotypes, such as cell viability, either independently or …

Striatal Microrna Controls Cocaine Intake Through Creb Signalling, Jonathan A. Hollander, Heh-In Im, Antonio L. Amelio, Jannet Kocerha, Purva Bali, Qun Lu, David Willoughby, Claes Wahlestedt, Michael D. Conkright, Paul J. Kenny

Jannet Kocerha

Cocaine addiction is characterized by a gradual loss of control over drug use, but the molecular mechanisms regulating vulnerability to this process remain unclear. Here we report that microRNA-212 (miR-212) is upregulated in the dorsal striatum of rats with a history of extended access to cocaine. Striatal miR-212 decreases responsiveness to the motivational properties of cocaine by markedly amplifying the stimulatory effects of the drug on cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signalling. This action occurs through miR-212-enhanced Raf1 activity, resulting in adenylyl cyclase sensitization and increased expression of the essential CREB co-activator TORC (transducer of regulated CREB; also known …

Overview Of The Essential Tremor, Theresa A. Zesiewicz, Abinaya Chari, Israt Jahan, Amber M. Miller, Kelly L. Sullivan

Kelly L. Sullivan

Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most common movement disorders in the world. Despite this, only one medication (propranolol) is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat it. Fortunately, recent studies have identified some additional medications as treatment of ET. Surgical procedures, such as deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus, offer treatment for refractory tremor. The epidemiology, pathogenesis, and medical and surgical treatment of ET will be discussed in this paper.

Reduction Of Circulating Endothelial Cells In Peripheral Blood Of Als Patients, Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis, Robert L. Woods Iii, Michael K. Louis, Theresa A. Zesiewicz, Nicole Kuzmin-Nichols, Kelly L. Sullivan, Amber M. Miller, Diana G. Hernandez-Ontiveros, Paul R. Sanberg

Kelly L. Sullivan

Background: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) treatment is complicated by the various mechanisms underlying motor neuron degeneration. Recent studies showed that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) are compromised in an animal model of ALS due to endothelial cell degeneration. A later study demonstrated a loss of endothelium integrity in the spinal cords of ALS patients. Since circulating endothelial cells (CECs) in the peripheral blood are associated with endothelium damage, being detached dysfunctional endothelial cells, we hypothesized that CEC levels may reflect endothelium condition in ALS patients.
Methodology/Principal Findings: CEC levels were estimated in whole blood smears from …

De Novo Truncating Fus Gene Mutation As A Cause Of Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Mariely Dejesus-Hernandez, Jannet Kocerha, Nicole Finch, Richard Crook, Matt Baker, Pamela Desaro, Amelia Johnston, Nicola Rutherford, Aleksandra Wojtas

Jannet Kocerha

Mutations in the gene encoding fused in sarcoma (FUS) were recently identified as a novel cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), emphasizing the genetic heterogeneity of ALS. We sequenced the genes encoding superoxide dismutase (SOD1), TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TARDBP) and FUS in 99 sporadic and 17 familial ALS patients ascertained at Mayo Clinic. We identified two novel mutations in FUS in two out of 99 (2.0%) sporadic ALS patients and established the de novo occurrence of one FUS mutation. In familial patients, we identified three (17.6%) SOD1 mutations, while FUS and TARDBP mutations were excluded. The de novo FUS …

Electromagnetic Wave Dynamics In Matter-Wave Superradiant Scattering, Marvin G. Payne, Lu Deng, Edward G. Hagley

Marvin G. Payne

We present a small-signal wave propagation theory on matter-wave superradiant scattering. We show, in a longitudinally excited condensate, that the backward-propagating, superradiantly generated optical field propagates with ultraslow group velocity and that the small-signal gain profile has a Bragg resonance. We further show a unidirectional suppression of optical superradiant scattering, and explain why matter-wave superradiance can occur only when the pump laser is red detuned. This is the first analytical theory on field propagation in matter-wave superradiance that can explain all matter-wave superradiance experiments to date that used a single-frequency, long-pulse, red-detuned laser.

Homological Dimensions And Regular Rings, Alina Iacob, Srikanth B. Iyengar

Alina Iacob

A question of Avramov and Foxby concerning injective dimension of complexes is settled in the affirmative for the class of noetherian rings. A key step in the proof is to recast the problem on hand into one about the homotopy category of complexes of injective modules. Analogous results for flat dimension and projective dimension are also established.