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Chemo-Enzymatic Synthesis Of Site-Specific Isotopically Labeled Nucleotides For Use In Nmr Resonance Assignment, Dynamics And Structural Characterizations, Andrew P. Longhini, Regan M. Leblanc, Owen Becette, Carolina Salguero, Christoph H. Wunderlich, Bruce A. Johnson, Victoria M. D'Souza, Christoph Kreutz, T. Kwaku Dayle Dec 2015

Chemo-Enzymatic Synthesis Of Site-Specific Isotopically Labeled Nucleotides For Use In Nmr Resonance Assignment, Dynamics And Structural Characterizations, Andrew P. Longhini, Regan M. Leblanc, Owen Becette, Carolina Salguero, Christoph H. Wunderlich, Bruce A. Johnson, Victoria M. D'Souza, Christoph Kreutz, T. Kwaku Dayle

Advanced Science Research Center

Stable isotope labeling is central to NMR studies of nucleic acids. Development of methods that incorporate labels at specific atomic positions within each nucleotide promises to expand the size range of RNAs that can be studied by NMR. Using recombinantly expressed enzymes and chemically synthesized ribose and nucleobase, we have developed an inexpensive, rapid chemo-enzymatic method to label ATP and GTP site specifically and in high yields of up to 90%.We incorporated these nucleotides into RNAs with sizes ranging from 27 to 59 nucleotides using in vitro transcription: A-Site (27 nt), the iron responsive elements (29 nt), a fluoride riboswitch …


Imaging Thermal Conductivity With Nanoscale Resolution Using A Scanning Spin Probe, Abdelghani Laraoui, Halley Aycock-Rizzo, Yang Gao, Xi Lu, Elisa Riedo, Carlos A. Meriles Nov 2015

Imaging Thermal Conductivity With Nanoscale Resolution Using A Scanning Spin Probe, Abdelghani Laraoui, Halley Aycock-Rizzo, Yang Gao, Xi Lu, Elisa Riedo, Carlos A. Meriles

Advanced Science Research Center

The ability to probe nanoscale heat flow in a material is often limited by lack of spatial resolution. Here, we use a diamond-nanocrystal-hosted nitrogen-vacancy centre attached to the apex of a silicon thermal tip as a local temperature sensor. We apply an electrical current to heat up the tip and rely on the nitrogen vacancy to monitor the thermal changes the tip experiences as it is brought into contact with surfaces of varying thermal conductivity. By combining atomic force and confocal microscopy, we image phantom microstructures with nanoscale resolution, and attain excellent agreement between the thermal conductivity and topographic maps. …


Impair-Then-Repair: A Brief History & Global-Scale Hypothesis Regarding Human-Water Interactions In The Anthropocene, Charles J. Vörösmarty, Michel Meybeck, Christopher L. Pastore Jul 2015

Impair-Then-Repair: A Brief History & Global-Scale Hypothesis Regarding Human-Water Interactions In The Anthropocene, Charles J. Vörösmarty, Michel Meybeck, Christopher L. Pastore

Advanced Science Research Center

Water is an essential building block of the Earth system and a nonsubstitutable resource upon which humankind must depend. But a growing body of evidence shows that freshwater faces a pandemic array of challenges. Today we can observe a globally significant but collectively unorganized approach to addressing them. Under modern water management schemes, impairment accumulates with increasing wealth but is then remedied by costly, after-the-fact technological investments. This strategy of treating symptoms rather than underlying causes is practiced widely across rich countries but leaves poor nations and many of the world's freshwater life-forms at risk. The seeds of this modern …