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Pigeons' Memory For Sequences Of Light Flashes When Gap Duration Is Controlled, Dwayne Keough
Pigeons' Memory For Sequences Of Light Flashes When Gap Duration Is Controlled, Dwayne Keough
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
In Experiment 1, pigeons were trained at a 1-s dark and a 1-s houselight illuminated delay interval to discriminate between sequences of two and four flashes of light (feeder illumination). These sequences could be discriminated on the basis of the number of flashes, the number of gaps, or the duration of the gap between flashes. A choose-few bias was obtained at extended dark delays, but no biased forgetting was observed at extended illuminated delays. The pigeons may have confused long dark delays with the longer gaps between flashes on few sample trials. In Experiment 2, additional sample sequences were included …
Planning For The Close And Distant Future: The Impact Of Temporal Distance On Task Completion Prediction, Johanna Peetz
Planning For The Close And Distant Future: The Impact Of Temporal Distance On Task Completion Prediction, Johanna Peetz
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Accurate project completion estimates are part of successful project completion. Thus, it is important to identify factors that reduce the tendency to make overly optimistic project completion predictions (Buehler et al., 2002). This research investigated the effect of temporal distance on project completion predictions. A review of past research provided evidence that could lead to a prediction of either increased or decreased optimism with increasing temporal distance. In a first study, participants predicted the completion date of a hypothetical school assignment that would begin either tomorrow (close future) and next term (distant future). Participants predicted to complete the project earlier …
High-Risk Sexual Behaviour, Computer Experience And The Internet, Amanda E. Nosko
High-Risk Sexual Behaviour, Computer Experience And The Internet, Amanda E. Nosko
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This study examined the relationships between computer use, sexually explicit material found on the Internet, and sexual attitudes and behaviours and the use of the Internet for conducting large surveys. The first issue explored if and how computer experience contributed to online behaviour and perceptions about sexually explicit material. In addition, sexual attitudes and behaviours were examined with respect to computer experience to assess potential relationships. The methodological question contrasted the use of traditional supervised paper-and-pencil survey techniques with supervised and unsupervised use of the Internet. This design allowed for comparison of use as a function of supervision and format …
Assessing Quality Of Life For Clients Of Langs Farm Village Association: A Case For Inclusion Of The Social Determinants Of Health Approach In Addressing Quality Of Life In A Community Health Centre Setting, Annette A. Penney
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
In my master’s thesis research I investigated the relationship between participant inclusion in Langs Farm Village Association, a local community health centre, and quality of life. A quality of life survey which I developed based on prior research conducted by the Canadian Policy Research Network (2001) was administered to 130 individuals, 65 participants who attended a program and/or service at Langs (Langs group), and 65 participants who did not (non-Langs group). Results of multivariate ANOVA indicated group differences of statistical significance on four out of eleven subscales of my quality of life survey. Community residents who participated in a program …
Longing To Be Heard: Examining Sense Of Community And Participation Through The Voices Of Youth, Marcie D. Mckay
Longing To Be Heard: Examining Sense Of Community And Participation Through The Voices Of Youth, Marcie D. Mckay
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Youth often feel powerless and alienated in their communities and have expressed that they are not seen as contributing citizens. This study investigates the relation between sense of community and participation of youth aged 12-15 residing in a disadvantaged Atlantic Canadian community. The research design is a one-group, pre/post-test survey, and an intervention. The intervention is the formation of a youth action committee (YAC) from a self-selected stratified sample (N=36) drawn from randomly selected classrooms within three schools. The YAC worked collectively on a number of issues in their community using an action model. Results highlight the concerns and outcomes …
Towards A Good Life: One Family's Experiences With Individualized Supports, Alison Baxter
Towards A Good Life: One Family's Experiences With Individualized Supports, Alison Baxter
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Individualized funding and supports for people with a disability have emerged in Canada as an alternative to traditional supports such as group homes and day programs. In this thesis, I examine one family's experiences with individualized disability-related supports. From the perspective of an individual with an intellectual disability and her family members, friends, support workers and service providers, the benefits and challenges of individualized supports are profiled. Furthermore, how individualized supports impact upon relationships and community inclusion for this individual is explored along with the experiences of parents, siblings and support workers. As a qualitative study, information was gathered from …
Intuition And Correspondence Between Implicit And Explicit Self-Esteem, Mervyn Lee Whitfield
Intuition And Correspondence Between Implicit And Explicit Self-Esteem, Mervyn Lee Whitfield
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Implicit self-esteem has recently been the focus of much research. Implicit self-esteem is distinct from explicit self-esteem and uniquely contributes to the prediction of behaviour. Relatively little is known about the nature of implicit self-esteem, however. This research examines moderators of the relation between implicit self-esteem and self-reports of self-esteem. A stronger focus on intuition was expected to increase the relation between implicit self-esteem and self-reports of self-esteem. Study 1 concerned whether high faith in intuition was associated with self-reports of self-esteem that more closely reflect implicit self-esteem. Implicit self-esteem, explicit self-esteem, and faith in intuition were measured. This study …
A Policy Analysis Of Two Preschool Prevention Programs In Ontario, Seema Aggarwal
A Policy Analysis Of Two Preschool Prevention Programs In Ontario, Seema Aggarwal
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The purpose of this research was to examine issues relevant to best practices for preschooler mental health prevention policy so as to inform future prevention policy. Data were gathered through the examination of two preschool prevention programs, Ontario Early Years Centres (OEYCs) and Healthy Babies, Healthy Children (HBHC). These prevention programs were examined with respect to four major issues: (a) the ideology and origins of the program, (b) theoretical underpinnings, (c) research base, and (d) implementation and adaptation issues. To explore these four issues, qualitative methods were used in the form of document reviews (two documents for the Early Years …
Prerequisites For Reading Proficiency In Preschoolers, Iuliana Elena Faroga
Prerequisites For Reading Proficiency In Preschoolers, Iuliana Elena Faroga
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The impact of a training program that combined phonological awareness activities with instruction in the alphabetic principle and teaching of basic vocabulary items (Zimmer, 2003) and commonly used words in school (Scarborough, 2003) was evaluated through a repeated measures design with a control group. The intervention targeted low-income preschool English-as-a-second language children (ESL) and low-income English speaking children, as well as middle-class ESL children. The results show that the children participating in the intervention group showed significantly better performance on phonological awareness and trained vocabulary measures than children in the control group. Additionally, ESL trained children demonstrated significantly better performance …
Cross-Sensitization/Tolerance Between Wheel Running And Amphetamine And Morphine In Rats, Clint Inkster
Cross-Sensitization/Tolerance Between Wheel Running And Amphetamine And Morphine In Rats, Clint Inkster
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Two experiments were conducted to determine whether cross-sensitization/tolerance between wheel running and the drugs amphetamine and morphine is possible in male Sprague Dawley rats. Each experiment compared a non-wheel control group and a chronic wheel access group of rats. Following a 24 day period of wheel access all animals were presented with a drug and saline challenge test (counterbalanced) with either 1 mg/kg of amphetamine (Experiment 1) or 10mg/kg or morphine (Experiment 2). Prior to the challenge tests all animals were habituated to the novel testing environment in two 1 hr sessions (Experiment 1) or one 2 hr session (Experiment …
'If I Wasn't Friends With These People, I Probably Wouldn't Have Adjusted Too Well': Friendship Development And University Adjustment Among First-Year University Students, Vanessa Buote
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Two studies sought to examine the relationship between new friendship quality and university adjustment. In Study 1, 706 students completed the Openness subscale of the NEO-FF Form S and the Openness to Friendship Scale in August 2005. In November, these students completed the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire and the McGill Friendship Questionnaire-Friends Functions. Results indicated that a significant positive relationship existed between quality of new friendships and university adjustment. Significant differences emerged between commuter and residence students in terms of number of new friendships, openness to new friendships and adjustment. Study 2 consisted of an in-depth qualitative interview with …
Conceptualizing And Analyzing The Pleasure Travel Decision-Making Process, Wayne William Smith
Conceptualizing And Analyzing The Pleasure Travel Decision-Making Process, Wayne William Smith
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This dissertation explores methodological approaches to the study of the pleasure travel decision-making process. Specifically, this dissertation explores methodological approaches to studying the relative importance of motivations and constraints in the travel decision-making process. Three segmentation approaches were used, principle components analysis, cluster analysis and unidimensional sequence alignment. 522 students from two South-western Ontario, Canada universities participated in this study examining their decision-making in relation to potential travel plans for reading week (February 2005). The results indicate that individuals potentially have a multitude of constraint levels to over-come as part of the initial travel decision-making process. If these base constraints …
The Development Of Wheel-Induced Feeding Suppression In Male And Female Rats, Olivia Dalton-Jez
The Development Of Wheel-Induced Feeding Suppression In Male And Female Rats, Olivia Dalton-Jez
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Access to a running wheel causes a feeding suppression in adult rats (Afonso & Eikelboom, 2003) but it appears this wheel induced feeding suppression is not evident in weanlings (Cortright, Chandler, Lemon, and DiCarlo, 1997). This ad lib wheel and food model (ALWF) has been suggested as an animal model of anorexia nervosa (AN). Two characteristic features of AN are the disorder's very specific age of onset and the marked sex difference in incidence, with the majority of cases first becoming evident in females during puberty. It is not clear how much of the genesis of and expression of this …
Listening To The Voices Of Women Living With Hiv/Aids: A Qualitative Study Of Psychosocial Impact And Quality Of Life Issues, Edna Aryee
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
In spite of the increasing number of women infected with HIV around the world, little is known about the psychosocial experiences of these women. In the mid-1990s, medical advances dramatically altered the experiences of living with HIV/AIDS. The shifting medical climate raised new social and psychological questions such as coping strategies and the possibility of gaining access to resources and services in the community. In this qualitative study, I examined how 5 women living with HIV/AIDS in Southern Ontario deal with their daily psychosocial needs and challenges. Based on a life history methodology, responses of participants were coded and analyzed …
Syntactic Processing In Individuals With Dyslexia: Using Erp To Address The Debate, Hilary Brown
Syntactic Processing In Individuals With Dyslexia: Using Erp To Address The Debate, Hilary Brown
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Behavioural and ERP data were collected from university and college students with and without dyslexia to determine if a deficit in syntactic processing in post-secondary students with dyslexia can be explained by the degree of phonological processing deficits. Participants read and listened to sentences of differing syntactic complexity and working memory load, particularly object relative and subject relative sentences. Slow cortical waves showed greater negativity for the objective relative sentences as the sentence progressed for the control participants regardless of presentation format. The same result was seen for the participants with dyslexia when presented with sentences in an auditory format. …