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Ethicality Of Advisor Motives In Academic Advising: Faculty, Staff, And Student Perspectives, Xiafei Xue
Ethicality Of Advisor Motives In Academic Advising: Faculty, Staff, And Student Perspectives, Xiafei Xue
MSU Graduate Theses
Advising is an important aspect in academic settings. While the literature has emphasized better academic advising, including the personal qualities of good advisors, there has been little emphasis on ethical issues and ethical concerns related to advisors' roles or positions. The National Academic Advising Association (NACADA) provides a set of core values to guide ethical behavior. The current study examined (in an experimental design) faculty, staff, and student perspectives regarding advisors' more ethical, neutral, or less ethical behaviors. Results indicated that there were no significant differences between faculty and staff. All groups could differentiate between ethical and unethical extremes, but …
The Use Of Behavior Skills Training To Teach Paraprofessionals Discrete Trial Teaching, Ali Jo-Celeste Headley
The Use Of Behavior Skills Training To Teach Paraprofessionals Discrete Trial Teaching, Ali Jo-Celeste Headley
MSU Graduate Theses
Behavioral skills training (BST) was used to teach discrete trial teaching (DTT) to three paraprofessionals. Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT) has been used successfully with students with autism to individualize and simplify classroom instruction. DTT is an evidence-based training procedure used with elementary aged children to promote the development of communication/language, adaptive behavior, cognitive/academic skills, social and play skills, and for reducing interfering behaviors. Behavioral skills training is a training package that includes instructions, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback. A multiple baseline design across participants was used to assess the treatment effects. The paraprofessionals in this study increased their implementation of DTT …
A Qualitative Study On The Meaning Of Having A Child For Mothers Who Were Abused In Their Childhood, Maki Shigematsu
A Qualitative Study On The Meaning Of Having A Child For Mothers Who Were Abused In Their Childhood, Maki Shigematsu
MSU Graduate Theses
The purpose of this research is to understand what having a child means for mothers who experienced child abuse, how their children affected the motherhood positively, and how the mothers tried to overcome their child abuse experiences. Three mothers were found as participants for the study. The data were collected by qualitative, open-ended interviews. Each of the mothers had one interview that lasted around 1-1.5 hours. The mothers' lived-experiences are portrayed with analysis and in-depth interpretation. The study shows how child abuse experiences impacted the participants' lives and parenting, how the participants made progress in their experiences growing up, and …
Selecting For Commitment: Intentional And Habitual Predictors, Carl Witten
Selecting For Commitment: Intentional And Habitual Predictors, Carl Witten
MSU Graduate Theses
This study examines long term strategic thinking (LTST) as a predictor of organizational commitment and turnover intentions, and attempts to distinguish it from the personality factor conscientiousness. Although LTST is related to conscientiousness, its use as a selection device relies on enhanced prediction above conscientiousness alone. Results of a survey study show that different facets of organizational commitment are to some extent differentially predicted by these two constructs.
Multiple Effects Of A Brief Mindfulness Training, Stephanie Aholt
Multiple Effects Of A Brief Mindfulness Training, Stephanie Aholt
MSU Graduate Theses
Mindfulness-based interventions have been related to emotional regulation, reduced stress, and increased psychological flexibility. The current investigation extended previous findings by examining the short-term effects of a brief mindfulness training in undergraduate psychology students. The non-concurrent multiple baseline design evaluated heart rate and cortisol changes in response to a brief mindfulness-based intervention. The results found for some individuals, participation in the mindfulness intervention helped regulate their emotions and heart rate, as evidenced by the decrease in heart rate and cortisol and increase in psychological flexibility by changes in Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2 and Perceived Stress Scale-14 scores. Findings suggest more …
Using Behavior Skills Training To Teach Effective Conversation Skills To Individuals With Disabilities, Allison L. Schmidt
Using Behavior Skills Training To Teach Effective Conversation Skills To Individuals With Disabilities, Allison L. Schmidt
MSU Graduate Theses
A behavioral skills training (BST) package consisting of instructions, modeling an appropriate conversation, participant rehearsal, and constructive feedback, was used to teach appropriate conversation skills to three adults with developmental disabilities. A task analysis was used to define the steps of having a conversation. These steps included greetings, initiations, initiating a topic, responding, and maintaining a topic as the target skills. A nonconcurrent multiple baseline design across participants was used; an A-B-C format was embedded within the design for participants 1 and 2. Participant 3 was assessed using an A-B format. In situ was measured across three settings: each participant's …
The Development And Validation Of Personality-Based Implicit Measures For Predicting Character Failure, David Doedli Willis
The Development And Validation Of Personality-Based Implicit Measures For Predicting Character Failure, David Doedli Willis
MSU Graduate Theses
Previous research in personality-based Implicit Association Tests (IATs) found little predictive power and obtained limited psychometric properties. This study was designed to improve the psychometric properties of personality-based Implicit Association Tests designed to assess attributes related to integrity and character. The predictive validity of the IATs for behavior related to character failure (e.g. dishonesty and rule violations) was also investigated. The personality-based IATs target attitudes and behavior related to what is referred to as the dark side of personality (i.e. traits related to Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism). To obtain criterion behavior related to these traits a temptation manipulation provided subjects …
Does Person And Process Praise Influence Success Of Transferring Knowledge?, Leah Mae Wilson
Does Person And Process Praise Influence Success Of Transferring Knowledge?, Leah Mae Wilson
MSU Graduate Theses
The effects of person, process, and neutral praise were examined to assess differences in the types of praise used to frame participant motivation and subsequent transfer success. A sample of undergraduate psychology students (N = 66) were tested using the Tower of Hanoi puzzle to assess transfer success based on the number of trials and average time per trials necessary to solve the transfer task. Participants also reported levels of existing achievement goal orientations and task-specific intrinsic motivation. Exploratory analyses indicated that the number of trials, average time per trial across conditions, as well intrinsic motivation did not differ by …
Message Framing And Source Factors: Peers' Impact On Exercise Intentions, Samantha Grace Lynn Hunter
Message Framing And Source Factors: Peers' Impact On Exercise Intentions, Samantha Grace Lynn Hunter
MSU Graduate Theses
The present study examined reported exercise intentions, confidence ratings, and exercise behaviors by manipulating the health status of the message source (lifetime healthy, reformed unhealthy) and message frame (gain, loss). Participants read background information pertaining to the health experience of the message source. Participants then read a physical activity health pamphlet that was attributed to the message source. The health pamphlet provided four arguments that were presented in either a gain or loss frame depending on experimental condition. The results revealed that there was a strong positive relationship between exercise intentions and actual exercise behavior reported during the follow up …
Development And Vailidation Of Implicit Association Tests For Organizational Citizenship Behavior Motives, Tonielle Myriah Fiscus
Development And Vailidation Of Implicit Association Tests For Organizational Citizenship Behavior Motives, Tonielle Myriah Fiscus
MSU Graduate Theses
Organizations have long held an interest in organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB), as they provide a link between employee satisfaction and productivity. Only recently have researchers begun to investigate the reasons why employees perform OCB. Explicit (self-report) measures of OCB motives are susceptible to contamination from impression management and self-knowledge artifacts, making the results of such measures potentially inaccurate. Four Implicit Association Tests (IATs) were developed to assess the OCB motives that Borman and Penner (2001) describe. Because the IAT procedure uses reaction times on classification tasks, the procedure is resistant to the contamination that impression management and inaccurate self-knowledge can …
Exploration Of Factors In Established Scales Regarding Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders, Amy Elizabeth Bauman
Exploration Of Factors In Established Scales Regarding Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders, Amy Elizabeth Bauman
MSU Graduate Theses
Attitudes toward sex offenders are generally negative, and many of us come into contact with these individuals within our communities and perhaps our occupations. Some of these opinions, however, are fueled by stereotypes whether accurate or erroneous. These opinions likely affect interactions with these individuals and punitive policies, which may impact the rehabilitation process of sex offenders. Measuring attitudes may offer insight into specific beliefs regarding this population and perhaps support the conveyance of accurate information surrounding sex offenders and their rehabilitation process. There are few existing measures utilized for measuring attitudes toward sex offenders, and those in use vary …
Personality Factors, Ideology, And Sensitivity To Change, Jahnavi Rose Delmonico
Personality Factors, Ideology, And Sensitivity To Change, Jahnavi Rose Delmonico
MSU Graduate Theses
This study examined the potential for a predictive relationship between political conservatism and change detection. Research on the visual system has revealed a general tendency to overlook changes in a stationary scene when two versions are displayed alternately with a masking slide, known as the flicker paradigm. We examined whether political conservatism and various related measures predicted whether and how quickly changes were detected during a flicker paradigm task. Measures of interest were conservatism as measured by the Social and Economic Conservatism scale, openness as measured by the short form of the Big Five Inventory, authoritarianism as measured by the …
Methods Of Measuring Visual Scanning Of Upright And Inverted Ecological Images, Benjamin Lee Graves
Methods Of Measuring Visual Scanning Of Upright And Inverted Ecological Images, Benjamin Lee Graves
MSU Graduate Theses
Facial recognition has been long held as a special perceptual process at which humans excel, and is primarily a function of perceptual experience. However, there are experimental manipulations that impede this perceptual process and make it more difficult for humans to recognize the face (i.e. only presenting half a face or inverting the face). In the case of inversion, it is though that the inverted face interrupts a person's ability to process the face holistically and forces a change to featural processing. The purpose of this experiment was to examine if inversion of ecologically valid images would also impact recognition …
A Psychometric Exploration Of Visuo-Constructive Ability And Processing Speed, Kayla Marie Lejeune
A Psychometric Exploration Of Visuo-Constructive Ability And Processing Speed, Kayla Marie Lejeune
MSU Graduate Theses
This study was conducted in order to explore the relationship between visuo-motor integration and processing speed; specifically, whether the WISC-V Coding B subtest is a better measure of visuo-motor ability. Visuo-motor ability and processing speed were assessed in a small, clinical sample (N = 13) of children and adolescents (ages 8-16 years). Results of correlation analyses indicated no significant relationship between visuo-constructive ability and processing speed, as measured by the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (Beery VMI) and the Coding subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children- Fifth Edition (WISC-V). Results of one correlational analysis revealed that the …
Effect Of Empathy Intervention On Perceptions And Beliefs About Individuals Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Asia Rose Hulse
Effect Of Empathy Intervention On Perceptions And Beliefs About Individuals Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Asia Rose Hulse
MSU Graduate Theses
Children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often experience stigma through acts of discrimination, bullying, and feelings of isolation and loneliness. Additional concerns of bearing the diagnosis include being treated differently by peers and an overall sense of feeling different than others. However, inclusive behavior and positive attitudes toward individuals with ASD can be facilitated through contact and interventions. This study sought to understand the impact of an empathic training video compared to an educational training video on college students' beliefs and knowledge about peers with this disorder. Results were significant for participants receiving the empathic training for higher scores …
Fluctuations In Body Dissatisfaction Across Social Comparison Situations, Stephanie Jian Chen
Fluctuations In Body Dissatisfaction Across Social Comparison Situations, Stephanie Jian Chen
MSU Graduate Theses
Body image has been seen traditionally as a stable trait or dispositional construct. However, recent researchers has increasingly recognized a more dynamic aspect of it—one which is likely impacted by various situational factors. One such situational factor is the process of social comparison. As a method of social comparison, clothing size manipulations (such as trying on different sizes of pants) have been shown to affect fluctuations in female participants' body image. Research has also highlighted the detrimental effects of certain visual cues, such as viewing images of slender female figures, on body image. However, there is a lack of research …
The Relationship Between The Buss-Perry Aggression Scale And Evoked Heart Rate While Attending Aggression And Friendly Dyadic Interactions, Sarhand Awla Hasan
The Relationship Between The Buss-Perry Aggression Scale And Evoked Heart Rate While Attending Aggression And Friendly Dyadic Interactions, Sarhand Awla Hasan
MSU Graduate Theses
The relationship between an individual's propensity of displaying aggressive behavior, as assessed via the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and physiological responses (evoked heart rate (HR)) while viewing 5-sec video clips of aggressive and friendly dyadic interactions was examined. No significant differences between aggressive and friendly groups' Evoked HR were found. However, there were significant individual differences in aggression identified within the aggressive and friendly video groups. Individuals who scored low on Buss-Perry Verbal Aggression subscale displayed HR deceleration, whereas individuals who scored high on Buss-Perry Verbal Aggression subscale displayed HR acceleration when viewing verbal but not physically aggressive video clips. This …
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of An Ecological Momentary Intervention Targeting Body Checking Behaviors, Jamie Marie Smith
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of An Ecological Momentary Intervention Targeting Body Checking Behaviors, Jamie Marie Smith
MSU Graduate Theses
This study investigated the efficacy of an ecological momentary intervention (EMI) targeting body checking behaviors (weighing, mirror checking, and feeling the body for fat). Body checking has been shown to increase body dissatisfaction and play a role in eating disorders. A digitally based intervention delivered in individuals' naturalistic environments has not yet been explored in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to combine ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to capture body checking frequency and an EMI to target body checking. For the current study, 44 female undergraduates with high body checking levels and healthy weight participated in a …
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy (Act) And Physical Therapy Adherence, Jennifer Ashley Battles
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy (Act) And Physical Therapy Adherence, Jennifer Ashley Battles
MSU Graduate Theses
Adherence to physical therapy rehabilitation is one of the most common issues physical therapists face with patients. Methods to improve physical therapy adherence have only been mildly successful, and many modalities fail to address psychological components that affect compliance. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a third wave behavior analytic therapy that has recently been utilized to influence health behavior change through emphasizing mindfulness, values, and psychological. The current study evaluates the effectiveness of a brief ACT intervention on physical therapy adherence, including compliance with prescribed home exercises and attendance at sessions. Participants (n = 4) with a range of …
The Impact Of Writing Intensive Courses On Writing Apprehension And Academic Motivation, Jacqueline Suzanne Byrket
The Impact Of Writing Intensive Courses On Writing Apprehension And Academic Motivation, Jacqueline Suzanne Byrket
MSU Graduate Theses
Current research in writing apprehension lacks evaluation of psychology course effectiveness in reducing this trepidation. The present study focused on three psychology courses and utilized Self-Determination Theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2002) and student instructor rapport to assess changes in writing apprehension. Participants (N = 78) from three upperclass level courses completed the Basic Psychological Needs Scale (BPNS), Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), Daly-Miller Writing Apprehension Test-Revised (WAT-R), and Student Instructor Rapport Scale (SIRS-9) at the beginning and end of the semester. Even though pre-/post-test differences were non-significant for all three courses, the Experimental Psychology class exhibited the greatest decrease …
The Role Of Empathy In Hindsight Bias, Malindi Jeri Gowen
The Role Of Empathy In Hindsight Bias, Malindi Jeri Gowen
MSU Graduate Theses
Hindsight bias has been operationally defined as "…the tendency for people with outcome knowledge (hindsight) to believe falsely that they would have predicted the reported outcome of an event" (Hawkins and Hastie, 1990, pg. 311). The role of empathy in hindsight bias has not received systematic attention. Previous research has shown that giving participants prevention information increased hindsight bias (Kubany, 2005). Thus, the current study hypothesized that hindsight participants placed in empathic situations should show greater probability judgments for the outcome than hindsight participants in no empathic conditions, and both should be greater than participants in foresight conditions. Participants were …
Conflict Resolution In Children And The Association Between Parenting Style And The Children’S Own Social Skills, Afroza Parvin
Conflict Resolution In Children And The Association Between Parenting Style And The Children’S Own Social Skills, Afroza Parvin
MSU Graduate Theses
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the associations among parenting styles, social skills and conflict resolution strategies of children with their peers. Twenty children aged 5 to 10 years and twenty parents participated in the study. The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire and an adapted questionnaire from The Matson Evaluation of Social Skills with Youngsters (MESSY) were used to measure parental styles and social skills of children respectively. Children were interviewed to assess their conflict resolution strategies by using six hypothetical stories taken from two different studies. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used for data analyses. …
Do Family Relationships Affect Team Performance?, Erick P. Briggs
Do Family Relationships Affect Team Performance?, Erick P. Briggs
MSU Graduate Theses
Nepotism refers to the practice of giving preferential treatment to family members and is prohibited in some work organizations. Common anti-nepotism policies are often based on the unsubstantiated assumption that family relationships negatively affect performance. This study challenges this assumption with the hypothesis that family relationships improve team performance. The theoretical basis for this hypothesis is grounded in the literature examining team processes. Research suggests that coordination is an important team process, and that family members coordinate more effectively than non-family members. Thus, it is reasonable to suspect that familial relationships in teams will lead to better – rather than …