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Cognitive Flexibility: Using Mental Simulation To Improve Script Adaptation, Javier Rivera
Cognitive Flexibility: Using Mental Simulation To Improve Script Adaptation, Javier Rivera
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Human behavior and decision-making depend largely on past experiences that generate specific action patterns (i.e., scripts, Gioia & Manz, 1985) for specific situations. In an ideal world, in which changes in the environment do not conflict with these action patterns, humans would be able to operate consistently, efficiently, and automatically. However, real-world environments are dynamic and fluid, thus altering behavior and forcing changes in scripts. Research suggests that to implement alternate solutions to changing situations, humans select from a "library" of learned scripts. Since humans tend to implement scripts to the degree that these are successful over a period of …
The Effects Of Tactile Displays On The Perception Of Target Distance, Timothy White
The Effects Of Tactile Displays On The Perception Of Target Distance, Timothy White
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Because vital information can be missed by Soldiers in combat environments that tax the eyes and the ears, it is imperative that alternative techniques be investigated to determine their potential in relaying this information in an effective way. This research investigated the use of a tactile display for providing distance and azimuth information about enemy targets. In a series of three experiments, participants were asked to engage enemy targets while utilizing cues that provided location information. In Experiment 1, two tactile cueing techniques (i.e., varying intensity and varying pulse rate) and three auditory cueing techniques (i.e., non-spatial speech, varying frequency …
Visual Scanpath Training For Facial Affect Recognition In A Psychiatric Sample, Chi Chan
Visual Scanpath Training For Facial Affect Recognition In A Psychiatric Sample, Chi Chan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Social cognition is essential for functional outcome and quality of life in psychiatric patients. Facial affect recognition (FAR), a domain of social cognition, is impaired in many patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. There is evidence that abnormal visual scanpath patterns may underlie FAR deficits, and metacognitive factors may impact task performance. The present study aimed to develop a brief, individually-administered, computerized training program to normalize scanpath patterns in order to improve FAR in patient with a psychosis history or bipolar I disorder. The program was developed using scanpath data from 19 nonpsychiatric controls (NC) while they completed a FAR …
Role Of Sleep In Exposure Therapy For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Oif/Oef Combat Veterans, Franklin Mesa
Role Of Sleep In Exposure Therapy For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Oif/Oef Combat Veterans, Franklin Mesa
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Exposure therapy is theorized to reduce posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology by promoting habituation/extinction of fear responses to trauma-related cues. Empirical evidence indicates that emotional memory, including habituation/extinction learning, is enhanced by sleep. However, service members with combat-related PTSD often report disturbed sleep. In this study, quality of sleep and indicators of extinction learning were examined in veterans of recent wars who had completed an exposure-based PTSD intervention. Fifty-five participants were categorized into two groups based on self-reported quality of sleep: low sleep disruption severity (LSDS; N = 29) and high sleep disruption severity (HSDS; N = 26). Participants in …
Optimizing Strategies For In Vivo Exposure In The Traditional Clinical Setting, Maryann Owens
Optimizing Strategies For In Vivo Exposure In The Traditional Clinical Setting, Maryann Owens
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the ability of a pre-recorded videoconferencing (VC) audience to elicit the physiological and subjective arousal associated with Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) when giving a formal presentation. This study had three objectives: (a) to determine whether speaking to the VC audience elicited significant increases in physiological response (e.g., heart rate and electrodermal activity) and subjective distress over baseline resting conditions (b) to determine whether the VC task more closely replicates the physiological and subjective experience of giving a speech to a comparable real-life audience than levels elicited by a Virtual Reality (VR) environment and (c) to determine whether …
Reading Comprehension Deficits In Children With Adhd: The Mediating Roles Of Working Memory And Orthographic Conversion, Lauren Friedman
Reading Comprehension Deficits In Children With Adhd: The Mediating Roles Of Working Memory And Orthographic Conversion, Lauren Friedman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Reading comprehension deficits in children with ADHD are well-established; however, limited information exists concerning the cognitive mechanisms that contribute to these deficits and the extent to which they interact with one another. The current study examines two broad cognitive processes known to be involved in children's reading comprehension abilities—(a) working memory (i.e., central executive processes [CE], phonological short-term memory [PH STM], and visuospatial short-term memory [VS STM]) and (b) orthographic conversion—to elucidate their unique and interactive contribution to ADHD-related reading comprehension deficits. Thirty-one children with ADHD and 30 typically developing (TD) children aged 8 to 12 years (M = 9.64, …
Childhood Trauma, Reflective Functioning And Attributions, Self-Efficacy, And Perceived Parenting Competence: What Happens When The Traumatized Child Grows Up And Becomes A Mother?, Annelise Cunningham
Childhood Trauma, Reflective Functioning And Attributions, Self-Efficacy, And Perceived Parenting Competence: What Happens When The Traumatized Child Grows Up And Becomes A Mother?, Annelise Cunningham
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Previous research documented the relationship between self-efficacy and perceived parenting competence. Further, previous evidence supported the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral consequences of early exposure to trauma. To build on these previously noted relationships, the present study examined the relationships among reflective functioning and attributions, self-efficacy, and perceived parenting competence, with self-efficacy serving as a mediating variable. Specifically, this study sought to focus on the cognitive variables associated with mothers' perceived self-efficacy and parenting competence and how those variables interact differently when early exposure to trauma is present. As part of this study, a national community sample of 126 culturally diverse …
Supporting Situation Awareness Through Robot-To-Human Information Exchanges Under Conditions Of Visuospatial Perspective Taking, Elizabeth Phillips
Supporting Situation Awareness Through Robot-To-Human Information Exchanges Under Conditions Of Visuospatial Perspective Taking, Elizabeth Phillips
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The future vision of military Soldier—robot teams is one in which Soldiers and robots work together to complete separate, but interdependent tasks that advance the goals of the mission. However, in the near term, robots will be limited in their ability to successfully perform tasks without, at least, occasional assistance from their human teammates. A need exists to design, in robots, mechanisms that can support human situation awareness (SA) regarding the operations of the robot, which humans can use to provide interventions in robot tasks. The purpose of the current study was to test the effects of information exchanges provided …
Psychometric Properties Of A Social Skills Assessment Using Virtual Environment, Thien-An Le
Psychometric Properties Of A Social Skills Assessment Using Virtual Environment, Thien-An Le
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Background: Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a marked and persistent fear of social and/or performance situations in which embarrassment or scrutiny from others may occur. In children, this marked and persistent fear must be present in peer settings and is not exclusive to interactions with adults (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). Behaviorally, children with SAD may avoid eye contact and exhibit other behavioral symptoms such as stooped shoulders, nail biting, trembling voice, avoidance of social and performance situations, muffled voice, longer speech latency, inappropriate tone or low voice volume, and lack of spontaneous speech (Beidel & Turner, 2007; Ollendick, Benoit, …
The Attitude-Engagement Model Within-Persons: An Experience Sampling Study Of Job Attitudes And Behavioral Engagement, David Glerum
The Attitude-Engagement Model Within-Persons: An Experience Sampling Study Of Job Attitudes And Behavioral Engagement, David Glerum
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Although a large body of research has attempted to answer the question, "Is a happy worker a more productive worker?" by examining the relationship between job attitudes and behaviors, results are often inconsistent. Drawing upon Fishbein and Ajzen's (1974) compatibility principle as well as theory on job attitude change and dynamic performance, the current study sought to answer this question by examining the attitudes-performance relationship at the within-persons level of analysis. Specifically, an Attitude-Engagement Model that specifies a broad conceptualization of job attitudes and behavioral engagement should exhibit the strongest relationship between job attitudes and job behaviors (Harrison, Newman, & …
Weight Discrimination Through Social Networking Sites: The Moderating Effects Of Gender, Stereotype-Consistent Behavior, And Occupational Setting, Bridget Mchugh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
As the use of social networking sites (SNSs) in hiring increases, human resources professionals have become concerned with the increased probability of discriminatory hiring decisions. At the same time, there is increasing evidence that discrimination towards overweight and obese applicants has risen in the past decade. The present study addressed these concerns by examining the impact of an applicant's weight in a SNS profile picture on the decision to hire the applicant for a sales position. The impact of the applicant's gender, body mass index, and stereotype-consistent behaviors on hiring intentions were examined. In addition, the type of sales position …
The Longitudinal Relationship Between Moderate Alcohol Use And Cognitive Aging Among Older Adults., Danielle Herring
The Longitudinal Relationship Between Moderate Alcohol Use And Cognitive Aging Among Older Adults., Danielle Herring
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cognitive aging appears inconsistent across cognitive domains, indicating that domains may not all decline at the same rate across individuals. Individual trajectories of cognitive aging can vary widely and are affected by numerous lifestyle and health factors. Alcohol use among older adults is known to confer both health risks, typically related to excessive use, and protective effects, often associated with moderate consumption. Moderate alcohol use has been linked with better cognitive functioning as well as a decrease in cardiovascular mortality and systemic inflammation, as compared to heavy or abstinent users. Given that extant research has identified C-reactive protein (CRP) as …
Investigating The Influence Of The Built Environment On Energy-Saving Behaviors, Brittany Sellers
Investigating The Influence Of The Built Environment On Energy-Saving Behaviors, Brittany Sellers
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation addresses a gap in the existing sustainability behavior research, by integrating research from the social sciences about environmental attitudes and knowledge with approaches from engineering regarding the characteristics of the built environment. Specifically, this dissertation explores the role of both environmental knowledge and design features within the built environment on building occupants' energy behaviors throughout the course of an environmental conservation campaign. Data were collected from 240 dormitory residents using a multi-phase questionnaire approach to study these factors and their combined impact within the context of environmental sustainability practices on UCF's campus. The results from a series of …
Emotional Intelligence In Organizational Social Networks, Andrea Hermsdorfer
Emotional Intelligence In Organizational Social Networks, Andrea Hermsdorfer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the role of emotional intelligence in relationships. Drawing on the notion that individuals who are high on emotional intelligence should have more social ties to others and stronger relationships within these ties, this study used social network analysis to specifically examine the extent to which emotional intelligence is positively related to social network centrality. I hypothesized that emotional intelligence would be positively related to centrality in four networks: advice, friendship, support, and positive affect presence. The hypotheses were not supported in this study, in spite of this, the incremental validity suggest a relationship between emotional intelligence and …
She's Not Fit For The Business World: An Initial Examination Of Gender, Age, And Weight, Miranda Pelkey
She's Not Fit For The Business World: An Initial Examination Of Gender, Age, And Weight, Miranda Pelkey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The present study examined archetype theory (Marcus & Fritzsche, 2015) that suggests that the intersection of multiple group memberships will create a unique cognitive representation, as it is relates to sex, age, and weight. Following a pilot study to equate photos on attractiveness, perceived competence, professionalism, and intelligence, 183 participants reviewed a fictitious LinkedIn profile in which all information was held constant across participants except the photo. Using a 2 (sex) x 2 (age) x 2 (weight) design (manipulated through the photos), participants rated the job applicant on adjectives associated with proposed sex, age, and weight archetypes and on perceptions …
Mothers' History Of Child Maltreatment And Regulation Abilities: Interactions Among Young Children's Temperament, Attachment, And Maltreatment Potential, Jayme Puff
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Given the impact that parents' and young children's characteristics have on the potential for child maltreatment, the present study sought to examine how mothers' ratings of their own childhood maltreatment, their psychological symptoms, their regulation abilities (i.e., emotion regulation, reflective functioning, attributions, and coping with young children's negative emotions), and their perceptions of their young children's temperament were related to their narratives of their attachment relationships with their young children and their child maltreatment potential. As part of this study, 54 mothers rated themselves and their young children on the aforementioned variables. Binary logistic hierarchical regression analysis suggested that mothers' …
Declarative Memory, Theory Of Mind, And Community Functioning In Schizophrenia, Andrew Deptula
Declarative Memory, Theory Of Mind, And Community Functioning In Schizophrenia, Andrew Deptula
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cognitive impairments are highly prevalent in individuals with schizophrenia and are now considered hallmark features of the disorder. Over the past decade, considerable evidence has demonstrated the functional significance of social and nonsocial cognitive impairments in individuals with schizophrenia. However, the nature of the relationship between specific domains of social and nonsocial cognition and how they relate to functional outcome in this population is less clear. In particular, declarative memory impairment has been suggested to have critical consequences for the everyday life of individuals with schizophrenia and may play a role in their social integration difficulties. Preliminary evidence also indicates …
Mothers' Temperament, Adverse Childhood Experiences, And Psychological Symptoms: How Are Enduring Maternal Characteristics Related To Mothers' Perceptions Of Children's Temperament, Behavior Problems, And Adaptive Functioning?, Ellen Kolomeyer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Extant literature documented the impact of mothers' characteristics and parenting behaviors on young children's psychosocial outcomes. Additionally, previous studies demonstrated the importance of mothers' adverse childhood experiences in the relationships among some of these constructs. To expand on the existing knowledge, the present study examined the relationships among mothers' temperament, reflective functioning, attributions, and specific parenting behaviors, with reflective functioning and attributions serving as two potential mediating variables in these relationships. A community sample of 224 diverse mothers of young children who were between 2- to 5-years of age rated their own adverse childhood experiences, temperament, reflective functioning, attributions, specific …
Individual Differences In Trust Toward Robotic Assistants, Tracy Sanders
Individual Differences In Trust Toward Robotic Assistants, Tracy Sanders
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This work on trust in human-robot interaction describes a series of three experiments from which a series of predictive models are developed. Previous work in trust and robotics has examined HRI components related to robots extensively, but there has been little research to quantify the influence of individual differences in trust on HRI. The present work seeks to fill that void by measuring individual differences across a variety of conditions, including differences in robot characteristics and environments. The models produced indicate that the main individual factors predicting trust in robotics include pre-existing attitudes towards robots, interpersonal trust, and personality traits.
Evaluation Of The Expectancy Challenge Alcohol Literacy Curriculum (Ecalc) For High School Students, Alyssa Dietz
Evaluation Of The Expectancy Challenge Alcohol Literacy Curriculum (Ecalc) For High School Students, Alyssa Dietz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Prevention efforts targeted at children and adolescents are important because alcohol consumption contributes to the three leading causes of death in this among 12-20 year-olds: unintentional injury, homicide, and suicide. Research on the causes of alcohol misuse traditionally focused on pharmacological and genetic explanations, but models have expanded to include cognitive processes in the development of alcohol use patterns. Alcohol expectancies, or beliefs about the effects of alcohol, are an important influence on drinking behavior. Expectancies exist prior to the initial drinking experience, predict the onset of alcohol consumption, differentiate both children and adults in terms of light- and heavy-drinking …
Cerebrovascular Burden And Depression: Examining A Process Model Of Geriatric Developmental Psychopathology, Rosanna Scott
Cerebrovascular Burden And Depression: Examining A Process Model Of Geriatric Developmental Psychopathology, Rosanna Scott
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Depression is the second leading cause of disability worldwide, and is associated with substantial functional impairment and poor health implications in older adults. These adverse outcomes are exacerbated in older adults who exhibit comorbid depression and cerebrovascular burden (CVB). Given that the population of older adults is projected to double by year 2050, a process model of the development of depression in later-life and a subsequent clear delineation of the relationship between CVB and depression is paramount. One explanation of this process of disease development is the vascular depression theory, however alternative hypotheses have not been exhaustively falsified and the …
Interactive Amusement Park Queues: Examining The Indirect Effect Of Task Work Load On Guests' Perception Of Wait Duration Through Task Immersion, Jonathan Ledbetter
Interactive Amusement Park Queues: Examining The Indirect Effect Of Task Work Load On Guests' Perception Of Wait Duration Through Task Immersion, Jonathan Ledbetter
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
With the increasing attendance across amusement and theme parks worldwide, it is not surprising that minimizing the impact of large crowds and long attraction waits on the guests' experience has received much focus by park operators in recent years. Although effective in the short term, attempting to eliminate or reduce wait times by simply increasing capacity cannot be sustained long term. A recent trend in amusement park design is to theme the queue with interactive elements to engage guests and occupy their wait time with the intent of making the wait queue part of the attraction itself. Much of the …
A Meta-Analytic Integration Of What Matters In Training Transfer, Ashley Hughes
A Meta-Analytic Integration Of What Matters In Training Transfer, Ashley Hughes
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Estimates demonstrate that 52- 92% of acquired learning is lost within a year following training (Arthur, Bennett, Stanush, & McNelly, 1997; Saks, 2002), wasting billions in organizational spending on training each year (Miller, 2012, 2013, 2014). As such, research on training transfer has garnered attention from theoretical and empirical research alike (e.g., Baldwin & Ford, 1988; Blume, Ford, Baldwin, & Huang, 2010; Ford & Weissbein, 1997; Tracey, Tannenbaum, & Kavanagh, 1995) to better understand the factors which enhance the process of training transfer. Among the various factors that have been identified as important, factors of the work environment have received …
Relationships Between Information Adequacy, Illness Perceptions, And Distress Among Survivors Of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Chelsea Wiener
Relationships Between Information Adequacy, Illness Perceptions, And Distress Among Survivors Of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Chelsea Wiener
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Patients and survivors of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) report experiencing significant distress despite excellent disease prognosis. Predictors of distress in this population, however, are largely unexplored. Two factors that relate to distress in other cancer populations are patient subjective experiences with information provision and patient illness perceptions. Thus, evaluation of information experiences and illness perceptions among survivors of DTC is warranted. In particular, the unique prognosis and treatment associated with DTC invites investigation of the relationship between patient subjective experiences with information quantity (termed "information adequacy" in this study) and distress in this population. Thus, the primary goals of this …
Cardiac Autonomic Control In Patients With Metabolic Syndrome, Jonathan Mitchell
Cardiac Autonomic Control In Patients With Metabolic Syndrome, Jonathan Mitchell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) encompasses metabolic abnormalities that substantially increase risk for chronic illnesses. MetS and stress are closely related; the pathophysiology of MetS involves dysregulated stress response in both the physiological and psychological domains. In an effort to further clarify the relationship between metabolic abnormalities and autonomic dysregulation, we used ambulatory impedance cardiography to examine indicators of cardiac autonomic control (CAC) in a sample of 50 adult primary care patients with and without MetS. Indices of sympathetic and parasympathetic influences on cardiovascular functioning were assessed in the context of psychological stressors and compared across experimental groups and examined in relation …
Mathematical Modeling Of Infectious Diseases With Latency: Homogeneous Mixing And Contact Network, Keith Carlson
Mathematical Modeling Of Infectious Diseases With Latency: Homogeneous Mixing And Contact Network, Keith Carlson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In mathematical epidemiology, the standard compartmental models assume homogeneous mixing in the host population, in contrast to the disease spread process over a real host contact network. One approach to incorporating heterogeneous mixing is to consider the population to be a network of individuals whose contacts follow a given probability distribution. In this thesis we investigate in analogy both homogeneous mixing and contact network models for infectious diseases that admit latency periods, such as dengue fever, Ebola, and HIV. We consider the mathematics of the compartmental model as well as the network model, including the dynamics of their equations from …
Transparency In Human-Agent Teaming And Its Effect On Complacent Behavior, Julia Wright
Transparency In Human-Agent Teaming And Its Effect On Complacent Behavior, Julia Wright
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study examined how transparency of an intelligent agent's reasoning affected complacent behavior in a route selection task in a simulated environment. Also examined was how the information available to the operator affected those results. In two experiments, participants supervised a three-vehicle convoy as it traversed a simulated environment and re-routed the convoy when needed with the assistance of an intelligent agent, RoboLeader. Participants were randomly assigned to an Agent Reasoning Transparency condition. Participants received communications from a commander confirming either the presence or absence of activity in the area. They also received information regarding potential events along their route …
Re-Conceptualizing Compassion Fatigue: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Madeline Marks
Re-Conceptualizing Compassion Fatigue: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Madeline Marks
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Those who are not directly in danger themselves can and do experience negative effects, sometimes at higher rates than those directly exposed. These individuals who experience indirect exposure are often those who work in "helping" professions. Helping professionals include psychologists, physicians, nurses, social workers, and first responders, among others. Joinson (1992) described a phenomenon unique to helping professionals, which was termed compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue describes these negative affects experienced by helping professionals as a cumulative process. These negative changes can be related to mood and/or a transformation in cognitions. Further, these changes are the result of the empathy and …
Examination Of Attitude-Behavior Discrepancy In Familism And Its Relation To Symptoms Of Depression Among Latinos, Andel Nicasio
Examination Of Attitude-Behavior Discrepancy In Familism And Its Relation To Symptoms Of Depression Among Latinos, Andel Nicasio
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research examines the discrepancy between attitudinal and behavioral familism and its relation to depressive symptoms. The overarching hypothesis was that discrepancy between family values and the actual experiences of those values influences psychological health. Previous research has primarily focused on self-report measures of familial attitudes, and not whether these values are actually experienced by the individual. To address this gap in the literature, this study developed a new behavioral familism scale. A total of 431 Latinos and non-Latino Whites from a large university in Florida participated in this study. Overall, the new behavioral familism scale demonstrated good psychometric properties. …
Evaluation Of An Interdisciplinary Chronic Arthritis Pain Group Intervention In An Outpatient Healthcare Setting, Natasha Depesa
Evaluation Of An Interdisciplinary Chronic Arthritis Pain Group Intervention In An Outpatient Healthcare Setting, Natasha Depesa
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that often results in inflammation, pain, fatigue, functional impairment, and psychosocial difficulties. The current study examines the effectiveness, feasibility, and sustainability of an interdisciplinary chronic pain intervention for patients with RA. Wearable fitness trackers were incorporated into the intervention and objectively measured participant physical activity. A total of 44 participants received the intervention and completed outcome measures. Results supported improvements across multiple domains at the end of treatment and at 4-week follow-up compared to treatment baseline. Mixed multilevel repeated measures modeling revealed significant overall improvements in many primary (i.e., self-efficacy for managing …