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Investigating The Relationship Between Event-Related Potentials And Response Kinematics, Kenneth Juston Osborne
Investigating The Relationship Between Event-Related Potentials And Response Kinematics, Kenneth Juston Osborne
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Movement is one of the most important functions of our nervous system. Recent research has shown that cognitive and perceptual functions ranging from our perception of others’ emotions to the planning of goal-directed behaviors depends critically on brain areas once thought to be primarily motor in nature. Given the important role our motor system plays in understanding and interacting with the world around us, it is surprising that the majority of cognitive neuroscience research using electroencephalogram (EEG) has focused primarily on perception and cognition irrespective of its relationship(s) to the execution of movement. One possible explanation for this is that …
Neurometric Profiling Of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using The Brief Neurometric Battery: A Novel Eeg Based Task, Leigh Catherine Gayle
Neurometric Profiling Of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using The Brief Neurometric Battery: A Novel Eeg Based Task, Leigh Catherine Gayle
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Autism spectrum disorder is a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by heterogeneous deficits in social communication and interaction, as well as repetitive behaviors and restricted interests. Due to the dramatic increase in prevalence, a major theme in contemporary research has been the identification of biomarkers for ASD that can shed light on etiological factors, facilitate diagnosis and serve as markers for tracking the efficacy of behavioral and pharmacological treatments. Electroencephalography (EEG) metrics, such as event-related potentials (ERPs), resting state oscillatory activity (OA), and resting state complexity (multiscale entropy), are well-suited for the measurement of such biomarkers. Due to the complexity and …
Testing The Unconscious Effect Of Visual Context Illusions, Evan Douglas Jones
Testing The Unconscious Effect Of Visual Context Illusions, Evan Douglas Jones
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This study tested the effects of a visual context illusion when it was suppressed from the subjects conscious awareness. Using a mirror stereoscope and a particular form of binocular rivalry, subjects made estimations of size with and without awareness of the presence of the illusory elements. No differences were found, suggesting that effect of the illusion may require conscious awareness and perhaps is not a product of early visual processing. Keywords: Ebbinghaus, Consciousness, CFS, Illusion
Individual Differences In Social Cognitive Processes Between Neurotypical College Students High And Low In Autistic Traits, Catherine Irene Mitchell
Individual Differences In Social Cognitive Processes Between Neurotypical College Students High And Low In Autistic Traits, Catherine Irene Mitchell
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The autism spectrum may extend into the general population, as previous work has suggested that there is a normal distribution of subclinical autistic traits among neurotypical individuals. Individuals with high levels of autistic traits display interpersonal challenges that are qualitatively similar to those exhibited by individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In ASD, social challenges may be mediated by differences in social cognition. The current study investigated to what extent social cognitive differences exist between individuals with high and low levels of subclinical autistic traits. Participants were 171 undergraduate students who scored high or low on the Autism Spectrum …
Contact And Explicit And Implicit Bias Towards Latinos/As, Jasmine Maria Koech
Contact And Explicit And Implicit Bias Towards Latinos/As, Jasmine Maria Koech
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The positive effects of intergroup contact on prejudice reduction have been well established, with prior research demonstrating that real or imagined contact with outgroup members can reduce implicit and explicit racial bias (e.g., Pettigrew & Tropp, 2006; Turner, Crisp, & Lambert, 2007). The current research assessed non-Latinos’ to more closely examine the relationship between contact and explicit bias (Study 1) and implicit bias (Study 2) towards Latinos. Additionally, this work examined if imagining a contact scenario with a Latino stranger was sufficient in reducing bias compared to those imagining contact with a stranger of unspecified race/ethnicity and if this effect …
Longitudinal Links Among Adolescent Friend Emotion Socialization, Emotion Regulation, And Internalizing Symptoms: The Role Of Gender, Kara Braunstein
Longitudinal Links Among Adolescent Friend Emotion Socialization, Emotion Regulation, And Internalizing Symptoms: The Role Of Gender, Kara Braunstein
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Emotion socialization is the process through which individuals learn acceptable forms of emotional expression within their particular social contexts. Although it is widely recognized that peers are a critical influence on adolescent development, most research on emotion socialization has examined parental influences on their children’s emotions (Zeman et al., 2013) with little attention paid to how friends socialize each other’s emotions. One form of emotion socialization occurs in the responses to emotional disclosures. Initial evidence indicates that specific friend emotion socialization responses to negative emotions are related to adolescents' own psychological functioning, concurrently and longitudinally (Klimes-Dougan et al., 2014). However, …
The Role Of Impulsivity In Dietary Restraint And Counter-Regulation, Wen Winnie Zhuang
The Role Of Impulsivity In Dietary Restraint And Counter-Regulation, Wen Winnie Zhuang
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Dietary restraint, or chronically controlling one's weight through diet, is a difficult pursuit. When faced with tempting foods, only a minority of restrained eaters manage to regulate their intake. Impulsivity, a multidimensional construct implicated in addictive behaviors, may be a factor that predicts regulation. The goals of the current study were twofold: firstly, we examined the effect of consuming a diet-violating preload on state impulsivity, and secondly, we examined how dietary restraint and changes in state impulsivity interact to influence subsequent overeating. In a laboratory study, female participants (n=146) with differing levels of dietary restraint provided measures of their state …
Bayesian Mind: Making Sense Of Probability-Based Decision Making Strategies, Kunjoon Byun
Bayesian Mind: Making Sense Of Probability-Based Decision Making Strategies, Kunjoon Byun
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Bayesian probability problems are notoriously difficult for people to solve accurately. Base rate neglect refers to the hypothesis that people ignore base rate information in preference for individuating information when making these probability judgments (Kahneman & Tversky, 1973). Correct answers to base rate neglect problems often require complex Bayesian calculations involving probability information embedded within realistic event descriptions. The past research emphasis on base rate neglect responses for such problems has overlooked the fact that responses can actually vary widely across participants and within participants from one problem to the next. The verbal protocol analyses of participants’ decision making processes …