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The Relationship Between Adhd-Specific Cognitive Distortions And Adult Adhd After Accounting For Clinical Syndromes And Personality Pathology, Carly Gerbi
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience many difficulties in daily functioning. It is theorized that some of the difficulties experienced by adults with ADHD result from cognitive distortions. Although previous studies have identified a preliminary relationship between cognitive distortions and ADHD, which may be accounted for by comorbid disorders; these studies did not measure ADHD-specific cognitive distortions after accounting for these comorbidities. The purpose of the current study was to assess the relationship between the frequency of ADHD-specific cognitive distortions, operationalized as ADHD Cognition Scale (ACS) and the severity of adult ADHD, operationalized as the Brown Executive Function/Attention Scale (BEF/A), …
Differences In Internalizing Symptoms And Cognitive Functioning In Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, Avery B. Ducey
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) is a recently identified mental health construct. Currently, no widely accepted diagnostic criteria for SCT exist, and it is not recognized in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5). There is debate in the psychological community as to whether SCT is better conceptualized as an atypical presentation of attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or a unique symptom cluster comprised of ADHD and additional psychological and neurocognitive symptoms. When controlling for ADHD symptomatology, SCT has been found to be associated with internalizing symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, as well as …
Gender Differences In Cognitive Distortions In Adults With Adhd, Laura Salciunas
Gender Differences In Cognitive Distortions In Adults With Adhd, Laura Salciunas
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Research has established that men and women with ADHD often manifest varying symptom constellations and are typically referred at different ages for initial evaluation. However, there is a dearth of research into how such gender differences may impact the manifestation of various psychological processes, such as cognitive distortions, even though the latter may explain up to half the variance in many clinical syndromes and personality disorders. The primary objective of this study was to identify whether there is a significant difference in the frequency of cognitive distortions between men and women with ADHD. The secondary objective was to determine the …
The Impact Of Psychostimulants On The Executive Capacities Of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Theresa C. Mcmahon
The Impact Of Psychostimulants On The Executive Capacities Of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Theresa C. Mcmahon
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The current study compared executive-skill and executive-function deficits resulting from teacher ratings of two clinical groups of students diagnosed with ADHD (ADHD-Med, ADHD-NoMed) with ratings of demographically- matched control groups. In addition, teacher ratings of the ADHD-Med group and the ADHD-NoMed group were compared. The data for both clinical groups and their respective matched control groups were part of the data collected during the standardization of the McCloskey Executive Function Scale – Teacher Report (MEFS-TR). Analyses examined teacher responses to all of the items of the seven Self-Regulation, the Self-Realization, and the Self-Determination Clusters of the MEFS. Congruent with the …
Executive Capacities For Students Diagnosed With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And Learning Disability, Kate Boccella-Perras
Executive Capacities For Students Diagnosed With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And Learning Disability, Kate Boccella-Perras
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
All students in this study were rated by teachers with the McCloskey Executive Function Scale (MEFS) to identify executive function deficits (EFDs; not knowing when) and executive skill deficits (ESDs; not knowing how). Significantly larger proportions of students in the ADHD-diagnosed (ADHD) group than in the matched control group were rated by teachers as having either an EFD or an ESD within all seven self-regulation clusters, with more deficits identified within the Academic Arena than within the Self/Social Arena. In contrast, significantly larger proportions of students in the LD-classified (LD) group than in the matched control group were rated by …
Sensory Processing Patterns And Emotion Regulation In Children Presenting With Externalizing Behaviors, Melanie Levitt
Sensory Processing Patterns And Emotion Regulation In Children Presenting With Externalizing Behaviors, Melanie Levitt
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Sensory processing is a neurological process that involves a child’s perception, organization, and reaction to sensory stimuli. Certain groups of people, such as children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), experience more intense sensory processing patterns (Dunn, 2007). Researchers have also observed that children presenting with ASD and ADHD exhibit more externalizing scores as their sensory processing patterns become more intense or problematic (Gourley et al., 2013). However, researchers have not examined the relationship between sensory processing and externalizing behaviors in those not diagnosed with ASD and ADHD. Additionally, there are overlapping neural mechanisms between sensory …
Refining The Assessment Of Adhd: The Relationship Between Self-Report And Observable Behavioral Symptoms, Bryan Gastelle
Refining The Assessment Of Adhd: The Relationship Between Self-Report And Observable Behavioral Symptoms, Bryan Gastelle
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Individuals with adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) present with deficits in attention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, or a combination of these symptoms. Functional impairment due to inattention, reduced motivation, poor impulse control, emotion dysregulation, and deficits in executive functioning are also frequently seen. Assessment of ADHD, using objective continuous performance tasks, has been introduced in conjunction with widely used self-report measures of ADHD symptom severity. The Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) is one such self-report measure of ADHD, consisting of 66 self-report items that measure symptoms of ADHD, including inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and poor self-concept. The Quotient ADHD System purports to provide objective …
The Relationship Between Cognitive Distortions And Adhd After Accounting For Depression, Anxiety, And Personality Pathology, Amelia Serine
The Relationship Between Cognitive Distortions And Adhd After Accounting For Depression, Anxiety, And Personality Pathology, Amelia Serine
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suffer from numerous difficulties in daily functioning and, unfortunately, the medications that are typically the first-line of treatment do not ameliorate many of these issues. Psychosocial treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, are increasingly demonstrating effectiveness both in conjunction with medication and as stand-alone treatments for ADHD. It is theorized that some of the problems associated with adult ADHD result from cognitive distortions. Previous studies have identified a preliminary relationship between cognitive distortions and ADHD, but these studies did not measure personality pathology, which might explain part of the findings, given that personality disorders are …
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Teachers' Perceptions And Acceptability Of Interventions, Betti Stanco Vitanza
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Teachers' Perceptions And Acceptability Of Interventions, Betti Stanco Vitanza
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine elementary and middle school teachers’ perceptions of attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and acceptability of interventions commonly used in the treatment of ADHD. Eighty-one teachers from three elementary schools and one middle school participated in this study by completing an online survey containing the Perception of Attention Deficit Disorder Survey (PADDS) and Intervention Acceptability Survey (IAS). Results indicate that teachers feel adequately trained on the topic of ADHD and feel confident when implementing interventions for students with ADHD; however, teachers would like to receive additional in-service training on the topic of ADHD. …
Cultural Differences Between Parent And Teacher Report Of Adhd Symptoms: Implications For Disparities In Diagnosis, Elisabeth Troffo
Cultural Differences Between Parent And Teacher Report Of Adhd Symptoms: Implications For Disparities In Diagnosis, Elisabeth Troffo
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Despite lack of empirical support for differing incidence of ADHD, African American children are diagnosed with ADHD at significantly lower rates than Caucasian children. Research suggests that parents of African American children report ADHD symptoms less frequently than parents of Caucasian children; however, teachers are more likely to report more symptoms and more behavioral problems for African American children than for Caucasian children. The present study attempted to discern what some of these differences can be attributed to by controlling for the variables of age, gender, IQ score, diagnosis, and socioeconomic factors. The present study did not find differences in …
Adult Adhd And The Relationship Between Self-Reported Frequency Of Cognitive Distortions, Anxiety, And Depression, Craig Strohmeier
Adult Adhd And The Relationship Between Self-Reported Frequency Of Cognitive Distortions, Anxiety, And Depression, Craig Strohmeier
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adults with ADHD often includes strategies to address cognitive distortions. Although identifying cognitive distortions as part of a causal chain related to disorders such as anxiety and depression has been well studied, limited research has focused on the relationship between ADHD and cognitive distortions. The goal of this study was to determine the nature of the relationship between ADHD, cognitive distortions, anxiety, and depression within a group of adult outpatients from an ADHD treatment center (N = 30). Results indicated that the severity of ADHD symptomatology, identified through a self-report scale, was significantly related to the self-reported …
Associations Between Different Parenting Styles And Child Behavior, Jason C. Hunt
Associations Between Different Parenting Styles And Child Behavior, Jason C. Hunt
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a chronic, behavioral control disorder, which is most frequently diagnosed in children. ADHD is traditionally conceptualized as a neurological disorder; however, there are important environmental factors that affect symptom presentation. Parental involvement is a critical factor in virtually every form of treatment for ADHD, yet the specific parenting styles employed by parents of children with ADHD has received little attention. This study sought to address this issue through identifying associations between parenting styles, ADHD symptoms, and homework problems. Participants were recruited from a community sample, using a snowball sampling method. Participants were required to complete three …
A Self-Regulated Learning Approach For The Remediation Of Behavioral Issues In Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Richard G. Allen
A Self-Regulated Learning Approach For The Remediation Of Behavioral Issues In Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Richard G. Allen
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Behavioral-based interventions have long been demonstrated to be effective for
addressing behavioral difficulties for children with ADHD; however, such interventions do not always include explicit procedures to develop self-regulated learning. This is surprising, considering the strong evidence-based literature related to behaviorally-based self-management interventions. Considering the neurocognitive basis of ADHD, current assessment and intervention practices should emphasize the identification of self-regulatory deficits and evidence-based interventions to build such capacities. The current outcome study examined archival data from 12 cases to determine the clinical effectiveness of a function-based self-management intervention model for children diagnosed with ADHD in a community behavioral health program. …
Sensory Processing In Children With Adhd: A Classroom Study And Rational Item Analysis, Jason Mathison
Sensory Processing In Children With Adhd: A Classroom Study And Rational Item Analysis, Jason Mathison
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
In the classroom, distinguishing between sensory modulation disorder (SMD), one proposed subtype of Sensory Processing Disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be difficult given their similar behavioral manifestations. The overlap between these two disorders and the prevelance of rating scales used for gathering diagnostic information warrant a closer look at items on commonly used rating scales to ensure discriminative validity. This pilot study examined specific patterns of SMD in 24 children with ADHD using the Sensory Profile School Companion (SPSC), which includes four components of SMD, namely, Seeking, Avoiding, Registration, and Sensitivity. As hypothesized, the majority of teacher …
Cognitive Profiles And The Impact Of Medication On Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Lucy J. Wimpenny
Cognitive Profiles And The Impact Of Medication On Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Lucy J. Wimpenny
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed disorders in children and adolescents. Individuals with ADHD often display behavioral symptoms, including inattention and/or impulsivity, which can also lead to struggles in the school setting. Current research has suggested that deficits in processing speed and working memory are common in individuals diagnosed with ADHD and are often seen on measures of cognitive ability. Positive outcomes have been associated with the use of psychostimulant medication to treat the symptoms of ADHD, although little research has supported this form of treatment to improve cognitive functioning in individuals diagnosed with …
An Examination Of The Catch Nurture Program In The Treatment Of Children's Mental Health Disorders, Jessica Avart
An Examination Of The Catch Nurture Program In The Treatment Of Children's Mental Health Disorders, Jessica Avart
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
School-based mental health services are in high demand due to the increased prevalence of diagnosable mental health disorders among the pediatric population, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) foremost among them. The majority of research examining school-based services has been conducted in highly controlled settings and there has been a lack of research investigating such services within the actual school environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the Catch Nurture Program, a school-based intervention, in the treatment of school-aged children with behavioral and/or emotional disturbances in the real-world setting. This study also examined the impact of gender and diagnosis on …
The Prevalence Of Adhd In Candidates For Gastric Bypass Surgery: Are Overeating And Obesity Accounted For By The Attention Deficits And Impulisivity Of Adhd?, Andrea M. Parry
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and general psychological characteristics in an adult, presurgery population of patients seeking Gastric Bypass (GB). An ADHD diagnosis was defined as clinically significant scores as measured by the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS). Other psychological characteristics were assessed using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory – Second Edition (MMPI-2). The sample was selected from a homogeneous adult outpatient population. Participants meeting inclusion criteria presented for psychological assessment preparatory to GB surgery at the office of Dr. Steven Walfish. Participants were excluded if they failed to …
Integrity Of Neuropsychological Processes In Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Comorbid Conditions, Julie N. Henzel
Integrity Of Neuropsychological Processes In Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Comorbid Conditions, Julie N. Henzel
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study investigated the neuropsychological and behavioral profiles seen in children diagnosed with ADHD inattentive type (IA), inattentive type plus an internalizing disorder (IA + INT), combined type (CT), and combined type plus an externalizing disorder (CT + EXT). Subjects were 63 unmedicated children aged 6 to 16 who had been assessed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition (WISC–IV), Conners’ Continuous Performance Test-Second Edition (CPT–II), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Group differences were found for the WISC–IV Digits Backward subtest (IA + INT IA and IA + INT), and externalizing behavior scales on the CBCL and TRF …
Differential Effects Of Personality Disorders On Treatment Outcome For Adult Patients With Adhd, Emily M. Tomer
Differential Effects Of Personality Disorders On Treatment Outcome For Adult Patients With Adhd, Emily M. Tomer
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Approximately seven million adults meet the diagnostic criteria for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the prevalence rate is between 3.3 and 5.3%; however, these are likely underestimates because the diagnostic criteria are based on those originally devised for children, aged four to 17 years. Not only does this underdiagnosis cause a problem in making an accurate diagnosis, but also the high rate (65-89%) of psychiatric comorbidity complicates the situation, resulting in poorer treatment outcome for individuals with comorbid diagnoses, when compared with those who have no comorbid diagnoses. Therefore, the current study was designed to examine whether or not the …
Caretaker Ratings Of Attention Problems In Maltreated Children : The Effects Of Gender, Age, And Type Of Maltreatment, Dawn M. Mcdonald
Caretaker Ratings Of Attention Problems In Maltreated Children : The Effects Of Gender, Age, And Type Of Maltreatment, Dawn M. Mcdonald
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Child maltreatment is a severe stressor which is associated with a variety of adverse outcomes, including attention, learning, and behavior problems. Attention problems are common in maltreated children, with rates of ADHD in samples of abused and neglected children consistently higher than those found in the general population or in clinical samples of children without abuse histories. Despite the association between ADHD and maltreatment, attention problems in maltreated children remain poorly characterized and not well understood. In an attempt to better delineate the nature of attention problems in maltreated children, this study examined the effects of age, gender, type of …
An Exploratory Study Of The Perceptions And Associated Coping Skills Of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Rayna Ruth Mckinnon
An Exploratory Study Of The Perceptions And Associated Coping Skills Of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Rayna Ruth Mckinnon
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects between 3% and 5% of school-age children. In addition to hyperactivity, difficulty paying attention, and impulsivity, children with ADHD have been found to have lower self-perceptions than their peers who do not have ADHD. Researchers have attempted to explain why children with ADHD have lower self-perceptions. Despite these studies, little research has explored how these children perceive themselves, others, and their world from their perspective. In addition, even fewer researchers have studied how these children cope. The purpose of this study was to delve into the lives of six children with ADHD as a means of …
Relationships Between Executive Functions, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd), Comorbid Disorders, And Familial History In A Nonclinical Population, Sara M. Sachjog Velez
Relationships Between Executive Functions, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd), Comorbid Disorders, And Familial History In A Nonclinical Population, Sara M. Sachjog Velez
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is typically characterized by impulsivity, inattention, and hyperactivity and often lasts into adulthood. Depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder are often diagnosed as comorbid disorders with ADHD. Adults with ADHD may also display executive functioning deficits. The current study sought to identify whether symptoms of executive functioning were related to symptoms of ADHD in adults. It also identified comorbid disorders in the participants. Questionnaires assessing executive functioning, ADHD, depression, anxiety, and bipolar spectrum disorders were given to participants. Demographics were obtained regarding their own background and comorbid disorders in their first-degree relatives. Results indicated that symptoms of executive …
A Study Of The Cognitive Profiles Of Medicated And Nonmedicated Children Diagnosed With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Amy E. Mclaughlin
A Study Of The Cognitive Profiles Of Medicated And Nonmedicated Children Diagnosed With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Amy E. Mclaughlin
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is among the most commonly diagnosed childhood disorders, with symptoms that can cause significant difficulties in the educational setting. Deficits related to working memory and processing speed are thought to be a core feature of ADHD. As such, research using traditional measures of cognitive functioning has shown that children diagnosed with ADHD tend to perform poorly on measures of processing speed and working memory, relative to non-ADHD individuals and relative to measures of other cognitive abilities. Psychostimulant medication is a common treatment for ADHD and research overwhelmingly supports its positive impact on behavior and concentration; however, …
Middle School Teacher Acceptance Of Interventions For Adhd, Linda Latsko Castenova
Middle School Teacher Acceptance Of Interventions For Adhd, Linda Latsko Castenova
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The study explored the relationship between middle school teacher knowledge of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), their knowledge of common interventions for ADHD, and their perception of treatment acceptability. The study also investigated teacher characteristics and their relationship to teacher knowledge of ADHD and their ratings of acceptability of interventions. Fifty-eight general education middle school teachers completed a survey containing demographic information, an ADHD knowledge scale, and a survey on interventions for students with ADHD. Results indicated that teachers scored an average of 58% correct on the Knowledge of Attention Deficit Disorders Scale (KADDS), scoring significantly higher on the Symptoms/Diagnosis subscale compared …
Study Of The Cognitive Functioning Of Medicated And Non-Medicated Elementary School-Aged Children Diagnosed With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Janet Friedman
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a serious disability that has been shown to adversely affect cognition, affect, and behavior. Research using traditional measures of cognitive functioning, such as intelligence tests has shown that children diagnosed with ADHD perform poorly on cognitive measures of processing speed, and on working memory in particular (Kerns, Mclnerney & Wilde, 2001; Weiler, Bernstein, Bellinger & Waber, 2000). Mahone, et al. (2003), note that reviews involving the Wechsler Scales for children suggest that Full Scale IQ scores (FSIQ) on the WISC-III average 5 to 6 points lower than scores in the WISC-R. It was hypothesized …
Concurrent Deficits In Behavior Inhibition, Non-Verbal Working Memory And Psychological Sense Of Time In Adhd, Roya D. Mccloskey
Concurrent Deficits In Behavior Inhibition, Non-Verbal Working Memory And Psychological Sense Of Time In Adhd, Roya D. Mccloskey
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
According to the Hybrid Model of Executive Function for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), hyperactive and combined types, a delay in behavior inhibition causes secondary deficits in four executive function; non-verbal working memory, verbal working memory, reconstitution and self-regulation of affect/motivation/arousal. The deficit in non-verbal working memory causes a deficit in psychological sense of time, which in tum impairs self-regulation in those with ADHD. This single case study investigated concurrent deficits in behavior inhibition, non-verbal working memory and psychological sense of time in a 1O-year-old male with ADHD, combined type. Three interrelated components of behavior inhibition were measured by the …