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Understanding The Influence Of Childhood Experiences On The Development Of Female Sexual Perpetrators Against Underage Individuals, Cassandra Marie Hershman
Understanding The Influence Of Childhood Experiences On The Development Of Female Sexual Perpetrators Against Underage Individuals, Cassandra Marie Hershman
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Females who are perpetrators of sexual offenses are an understudied population. Due to societies’ failure to recognize that female perpetrators exist and to recognize their abuse when it occurs, sexual abuse completed by females often goes unreported. As a result, females engaging in sexual offenses, particularly pedophilia, is seen as a rare occurrence. However, research suggests that the actual rate of female pedophilic behavior is occurring at a rate three-four times higher than what is actually reported (Cortoni, Babchishin, & Rat, 2017). This study used anonymous data from 2,828 adult females in the IRB approved study [127810-11] Effects of Recalled …
School Psychology Shortages In West Virginia, Elizabeth Anne Sutfin
School Psychology Shortages In West Virginia, Elizabeth Anne Sutfin
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
The United States continues to experience a shortage of school psychologists nationwide which has been found to impact both students and school psychologists in negative ways. There is a broad scope of practice that school psychologists are competently able to provide but are physically unable to deliver because of their need to focus on required assessments and testing. Overwhelming workloads can create stress and lead to burnout. However, little research has been done to understand the shortage of school psychologists in the country, including the state of West Virginia. To better understand West Virginia’s shortage problem, this researcher conducted a …
An Examination Of The Use Of The Bess With Rural Appalachian Preschoolers, Savana B. Earnest
An Examination Of The Use Of The Bess With Rural Appalachian Preschoolers, Savana B. Earnest
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
The use of universal behavioral screenings is endorsed by school psychology training programs as a gold standard of practice, but the implementation of these screenings is less common. Due to this, it is crucial that research examines reliability, validity, and all other psychometric properties when implementing a universal behavioral screening. Literature tells us that the BESS TRSP has shown to have moderate-to-high predictive validity and high stability coefficients in a variety of urban and rural populations of preschool and school age children. This research examined stability of high and low risk scores on the BESS TRSP within a rural Appalachian …
Authentic Perspectives On Autistic Resilience: Implications For Schools And Society, Andrew Nelson
Authentic Perspectives On Autistic Resilience: Implications For Schools And Society, Andrew Nelson
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
This study explored resilience factors as identified by autistic adults with authentic lived experience. Historically, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been diagnosed using deficit models and criteria designed by outsiders with little input from the autism community. While risk of adversity is often high for those with ASD, scant research exists looking at the strengths, adaptive skills, and environmental factors contributing to the resilience of people with ASD. Autistic adults were interviewed (N = 10) to assess which internal and external risks and protections participants deemed important to their resilience. Responses were coded, analyzed, and compared to existing resilience data …
Slasher Films And Self-Harm: A Relationship Of Self-Hatred And Trauma, Stevie Lee Steers
Slasher Films And Self-Harm: A Relationship Of Self-Hatred And Trauma, Stevie Lee Steers
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
This paper’s purpose is to look at slasher films and the potential relationship of trauma and self-hatred that these films hold to adolescents aged 14-20 who commit self-harm. The type of self-harm examined in this paper is cutting and the films that will be studied will have to be from 1979 to 1989, which is the “golden age” for slasher films. The films that will be studied are The Nightmare on Elm Street series, Hellraiser series, and Friday the 13th series. This paper will be using multiple literary lenses to discuss how slasher films convey trauma and self-hatred and how …
The Use Of Postural Aggression In Intimate Partner Relationships: What Is It And Is It Being Recognized As "Abuse" By Intimate Partners, Elizabeth Gentry Myers
The Use Of Postural Aggression In Intimate Partner Relationships: What Is It And Is It Being Recognized As "Abuse" By Intimate Partners, Elizabeth Gentry Myers
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
The use of aggression towards an intimate partner has been an increasingly concerning topic in the violence literature over the last five decades; however, many dimensions continue to lack clarity. Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains the most common form of violence committed against women worldwide with about 30% of women reporting a lifetime prevalence of physical and/or sexual violence by a partner (World Health Organization [WHO], 2019), often accompanied by psychological aggression (Larsen, 2016; Williams et al., 2012). Postural aggression is defined as a subtype of psychological aggression which consists of both direct and indirect forms of non-physical abuse; although, …
Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports In A West Virginia Juvenile Justice School: A Case Study, Johnathan Matthew Baldwin
Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports In A West Virginia Juvenile Justice School: A Case Study, Johnathan Matthew Baldwin
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
This study investigated the differences in student behavior, participation, and achievement after the implementation of a PBIS at one juvenile justice facility in West Virginia. Teacher and correctional officer perceptions of PBIS were also examined. Data were collected from student refusal reports, report cards, incident reports, and teacher and correctional officer interviews. Student achievement in math and English language arts, following the implementation of PBIS, improved as the percentage of D and F grades decreased while the numbers of A and B grades increased between 2016-17 and 2018-19. One-sample t-Test results for first semester and second semester math and ELA …
School Administrator Perceptions And Actions Toward Reducing Mental Health Factors To Learning, Andrew Charles Teti
School Administrator Perceptions And Actions Toward Reducing Mental Health Factors To Learning, Andrew Charles Teti
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Approximately one in five children have a mental health need that impacts their academic functioning (World Health Organization, 2004). This study investigated what actions school administrators who oversee kindergarten through eighth grade, and how their perceptions of mental health have impacted those decisions. Both a survey and an interview were conducted with current school administrators in three counties in Western Pennsylvania. Findings suggested that administrators take mental health factors to learning very seriously and place a significant amount of pressure on themselves to address this barrier. Additionally, school administrators utilize a team approach to focus on mental health in the …
Performing Arts And Performance Anxiety, Jacklyn Sue Bascomb
Performing Arts And Performance Anxiety, Jacklyn Sue Bascomb
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Background: Performing arts are a broad view of a range of human activities that occur in front of an audience with the attempt to express human experience and emotion. Performing artists consist of dancers, instrumental musicians, vocal musicians, and drama/comedy or theater/actors. Actors and instrumental musicians participate in tremendous training to provide the emotional story they deliver. Multiple factors contribute to mental and physical stress experienced by a performer. Performance anxiety results from a performer’s fear of an adverse reaction or evaluation of their performance. Performance anxiety can be debilitating with negative effects on a performer’s performance, career, and health. …
Collectivism In Central Appalachia: Educational And Career Implications, Heidi Leigh Creamer
Collectivism In Central Appalachia: Educational And Career Implications, Heidi Leigh Creamer
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Individualistic cultures tend to focus on freedom, individuality, and personal autonomy. Mainstream America is found to be a vertical individualistic society, but research has shown there are pockets of collectivistic cultures within the US. Collectivistic cultures, in contrast, tend to focus on family, conformity, and thinking of the group before one’s self. Collectivism arises due to a population’s need to rely on one another for resources. As such, low resource environments are subject to having collectivistic values. Research suggests that collectivism rates are higher in impoverished areas, such as Appalachia. This investigation focused on central Appalachia and the attributes that …
An Assessment Of The Perceptions Of School Professionals Regarding Prenatal Substance Exposure, Aliyah Vicia Mickey
An Assessment Of The Perceptions Of School Professionals Regarding Prenatal Substance Exposure, Aliyah Vicia Mickey
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Children who have been prenatally exposed to drugs are at higher risk of experiencing academic and behavioral difficulties as they become students. Current research is limited on the specific long-term social-emotional, behavioral, and cognitive effects for school-aged children. As these children advance into the schools, they need knowledgeable school professionals and evidence-based interventions that will support their academic and behavioral well-being. The purpose of the current investigation served to gather information regarding school professionals’ experiences, knowledge, and self-efficacy related to prenatal substance exposure of students. The results from the survey indicated school professionals are reporting having general knowledge of facets …
Trauma Sensitive Schools And The Psychoeducational Evaluation, Barbara Jordan
Trauma Sensitive Schools And The Psychoeducational Evaluation, Barbara Jordan
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Exposure to adverse childhood experiences, commonly referred to as ACEs, negatively impacts various physical and psychological aspects of the body and can result in a number of detrimental life outcomes including disease, mental health disorders, and even early death. The negative effects of ACE exposure begin long before adulthood, often resulting in academic and behavioral difficulties for school-aged children. Since school psychologists strive to advocate for the needs of all students, ensure correct special education categorization, and promote trauma-sensitive practices in schools, it is beneficial for them to have knowledge of ACEs and trauma that impact the students they serve. …
Educator Perceptions Of Suspension And Suspension Alternatives, Jori Williams
Educator Perceptions Of Suspension And Suspension Alternatives, Jori Williams
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Research shows that suspension can have a negative impact on public school students’ academic and behavioral outcomes. To better understand how educators view the impact of suspension and the efficacy of suspension alternatives on student outcomes, 149 public school educators were surveyed from diverse academic departments and programmatic levels in a western North Carolina county. Findings indicate that although participants generally did not perceive suspension to be effective for improving behavioral outcomes, educators were more likely to endorse suspension for students without disabilities compared to students with cognitive or emotional-behavioral concerns. Educators in the survey perceived Social Emotional Learning to …
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Rural Emergency Medical Services Personnel, Nicole Elizabeth Bailey
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Rural Emergency Medical Services Personnel, Nicole Elizabeth Bailey
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have undergone multiple revisions over the past few decades which have substantially refined our understanding of PTSD. Upon the publication of DSM-5, occupational exposure is now officially recognized as satisfying criterion A (exposure to a traumatic event) for the diagnosis of PTSD. First responder populations - particularly EMS personnel - have been historically understudied and warrant additional attention. The present study examines PTSD symptomology in a rural EMS population, as well as considering barriers to treatment. A total of 437 participants from West Virginia and western Pennsylvania completed a survey that included demographic …
Preparedness Of School Psychologists To Provide Services For Students Diagnosed With Cancer, Lauren Mckenzie Blevins
Preparedness Of School Psychologists To Provide Services For Students Diagnosed With Cancer, Lauren Mckenzie Blevins
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Children who survive cancer face many challenges when reintegrating into the school system. School psychologists are among the school support professionals who may aid in providing support and identifying appropriate interventions and accommodations for the academic and mental health needs of these students. This study identifies whether school psychologists in West Virginia perceive themselves to be adequately prepared to assist students who have survived cancer upon returning to school. A survey containing fourteen questions regarding the individual’s experience, training, and knowledge was distributed to school psychologists in attendance at the Fall 2016 West Virginia School Psychologists’ Association conference. Of the …
Underrepresenting Disproportionality : An Interdisciplinary Bibliographic Content Analysis, Stacy B. Fooce
Underrepresenting Disproportionality : An Interdisciplinary Bibliographic Content Analysis, Stacy B. Fooce
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Students of color and those with disabilities have been disproportionally identified, placed, and disciplined in education. As a result, IDEA 2004 requires states to have policies and procedures in effect to prevent and reduce disproportionate representation by race and ethnicity in the areas of identification, discipline, and placement of children with disabilities. Despite the policies, black students are still 1) suspended or expelled at a rate two-to-three times higher than white students; 2) 2.8 times more likely to be identified as having a high-incidence disability; 3) more likely to be placed in a more restrictive environment. Because these disparities continue …
The Relationship Between Religiosity And Mental Illness Stigma In The Abrahamic Religions, Emma C. Bushong
The Relationship Between Religiosity And Mental Illness Stigma In The Abrahamic Religions, Emma C. Bushong
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Numerous studies have established and examined the critical interplay between religion and mental health. A systematic review of existing literature found that the endorsement of religious beliefs and frequent attendance at religious services were routinely associated with greater physical and psychological well-being (Koenig, 2012; Tsaousis, Karademas, Kalatzi, 2013). Yet, history has shown that religion can be a source of conflict and prejudice and that individuals fostering negative religious perceptions can exhibit poorer mental health (Lee & Newberg, 2005; Pargament, 1997). Because religious and spiritual beliefs often guide perceptions and affect behavior toward others, the present study examines such influence as …
An Analysis Of Personality On Legal Substance And Behavioral Addictions, Elise Stephanie Edwards
An Analysis Of Personality On Legal Substance And Behavioral Addictions, Elise Stephanie Edwards
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
This dissertation examined the relationship between personality traits and addiction to legal substances and behaviors. Speranza et al. (2012) found that people who were addicted to illegal substances had similar personality traits, such as impulsivity and sensation-seeking. In addition, substance addiction has also been found to have a relationship with negative affect (Davis, Cohen, Davids, & Rabindranath, 2015). This study applied these findings to addictions of legal substances and behaviors. Caffeine and Internet addiction were specifically analyzed due to their common excessive use in this modern world (Marsh, Snell, Allen, & Wakefield, 2001; Karim & Chaudhri, 2012). Participants were selected …
Relationship Between The Wj-Iv Ach Reading Tests And The Gort-5, Emily D. Nestor
Relationship Between The Wj-Iv Ach Reading Tests And The Gort-5, Emily D. Nestor
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
The present study examined the relationship between the Gray Oral Reading Test – Fifth Edition and the Woodcock Johnson-IV Achievement Tests in reading in a sample of 104 school age participants between the ages of 7 and 18. Pearson correlations tests indicated large correlations (r=.87, p=.01) between the GORT-5 ORI and the WJ IV ACH Broad Reading cluster. Additional comparisons for fluency and comprehension yielded comparable results (r=.85, p=.01; r=.84, p=.01). Similarly, a Fisher’s Exact Test illustrated that the odds of scoring at or below the tenth percentile on the WJ IV ACH was very high when a student scored …
The Effects Of Community Type And Sexual Orientation On Adolescent Alcohol Abuse: A Retrospective Exploration, Karla Beth Moore
The Effects Of Community Type And Sexual Orientation On Adolescent Alcohol Abuse: A Retrospective Exploration, Karla Beth Moore
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Considerable research has demonstrated that adolescents, as a whole, are experimenting with alcohol at alarming rates (Biddle, Bank, & Marlin, 1980; Donath, et al., 2011;King, Chassin, & Molina, 2009). However, research is very mixed on findings identifying which groups of adolescents tend to be most at risk for using alcohol, as well as the reasons these groups identify for such experimentation (Carlo, Crockett, Wilkinson, & Beal, 2011; Coomber, Toumbourou, Miller, Staiger, Hemphill, & Catalano, 2011). The current study examined participants from various community types and sexual orientations, in a retrospective manner. Participants (ages 18 and over) answered questions on a …
Familial Attitudes And Behaviors As Predictors Of Transgenderism, Angela Dawn Cockrell
Familial Attitudes And Behaviors As Predictors Of Transgenderism, Angela Dawn Cockrell
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Anonymous, retrospective data from 32 transgender and 3,337 cis-gender control participants were analyzed via logistic regression to examine the potential roles of parental attitudes and behaviors as well as familial status in the etiological chain leading to transgenderism. It was hypothesized that transgenderism may be predicted by negative parental attitudes toward sex and a lack of reciprocal parent-child nudity. Results indicated that transgenderism may be predicted by negative paternal attitudes toward sex, decreased maternal-child nudity, and absent fathers.
The Effects Of Rape Myth Acceptance, Benevolent Sexism, Characterological Self-Blame, And Behavioral Self-Blame On Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity, Jacob Whitaker Camp
The Effects Of Rape Myth Acceptance, Benevolent Sexism, Characterological Self-Blame, And Behavioral Self-Blame On Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity, Jacob Whitaker Camp
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Roughly 35 to 50 percent of victims of sexual assault begin to suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relatively early after the assault (Elklit, Due, & Christiansen, 2009). Many victims of sexual assault who are diagnosed with PTSD continue to experience symptoms long after the incident occurred (Peter-Hagene & Ullman, 2015). Rape has serious effects on the psychological health of the victims. Although no study had been done directly examining the relationship between rape myth acceptance and PTSD symptom severity, studies have shown that benevolent sexism affects rape myth acceptance and that rape myth acceptance affects how individuals attribute blame …
School-Based Evaluations For Students With Intellectual Disabilities: Is "Sufficiently Comprehensive" Good Enough?, Elizabeth E. Robinson
School-Based Evaluations For Students With Intellectual Disabilities: Is "Sufficiently Comprehensive" Good Enough?, Elizabeth E. Robinson
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Federal special education law affords a child suspected of having a disability a comprehensive evaluation when referred for services under IDEA 2004. The purpose of this study was to examine school psychologists’ procedures, practices, and beliefs in implementing a multi-faceted evaluation for children suspected of having intellectual disability (ID). Record reviews and practitioner interviews were used to assess 135 student records in three West Virginia Local Education Agencies (LEAs) to determine the extent to which sufficiently comprehensive evaluations existed; the percentages of comorbid or secondary disabilities identified; and best practices for comprehensive evaluations of intellectual disability, according to practitioners. The …
Professional Development For The West Virginia School Psychologists Association, Andrea Nunn
Professional Development For The West Virginia School Psychologists Association, Andrea Nunn
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
The present study evaluated the professional development provided by the West Virginia School Psychologists Association (WVSPA) in 2016. A 2011 survey was revised and distributed to all members of the WVSPA. West Virginia school psychologists rated the overall WVSPA’s professional development for the last few years as ‘good’. Participants rated WVSPA services as ‘good’ or ‘excellent’ with the exception of the resources available through the WVSPA website. Most participants rated this area as ‘fair’, showing that it would be a major recommendation for WVSPA revision. In addition, topics suggested as needing more coverage in future conferences include: emotional behavioral disorder, …
The Relationship Between The Gray Oral Reading Test, Fifth Edition (Gort-5) And Woodcock Johnson Test Of Achievement, Fourth Edition (Wj Iv Ach) For Referred Children, Megan Edwards
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Most children will learn to read when provided early literacy opportunities and reading instruction in early elementary school. However, approximately 20 percent of children will struggle to read and necessitate supplemental reading intervention. A smaller subset of struggling readers, moreover, will require sustained, intensive reading intervention, as well as accommodations provided through special education. Although universal screeners and progress monitoring instruments can be useful in guiding instructional strategies and gauging a student’s response to an evidenced-based reading intervention, norm-referenced screening tools can additionally be beneficial in identifying struggling readers who likely have specific learning disabilities. The purpose of the present …
Appalachian Parent Perceptions Of Adhd Symptomology, Shaina Lee Meadows
Appalachian Parent Perceptions Of Adhd Symptomology, Shaina Lee Meadows
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most widely documented referral concern among children and adolescents referred to mental health practitioners. The current study examined Appalachian parents’ (N=68) knowledge of ADHD, accuracy in identifying ADHD symptoms, and treatment preferences. Findings of the survey indicate the majority of parents received no training on ADHD; however, most were able to recognize the majority of the signs of ADHD. Equally important, parents of children with ADHD and those who reported receiving some form of ADHD training demonstrated a negligible advantage in correctly identifying ADHD symptoms. Results, moreover, showed a significant preference for discipline as a …
Appalachian Teachers' Referral For Adhd In Contrast To Giftedness In Selected Vignettes, Alexandria Rose Mejia
Appalachian Teachers' Referral For Adhd In Contrast To Giftedness In Selected Vignettes, Alexandria Rose Mejia
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
ADHD is the most widely diagnosed behavior disorder in children however, the nonstandardized nature of an ADHD evaluation can lead to misdiagnosis. Teachers often initiate referrals, though symptoms associated with ADHD can also be observed in gifted students. Appalachia has reported rates of ADHD that are much higher than the national average. It is therefore important that the factors that influence referral are better understood. This study hypothesized that priming to giftedness would reduce the likelihood that a teacher would refer for an ADHD evaluation in ambiguous vignettes and that teachers primed to consider giftedness will rate characteristics of ADHD …
Attitudes Toward Complementary And Alternative Medicine, Miranda Lea Cobb
Attitudes Toward Complementary And Alternative Medicine, Miranda Lea Cobb
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) usage has increased throughout the years, as many people are becoming interested in using less conventional interventions for common illnesses. As a whole, CAM encompasses any practice used to treat an illness or disorder that does not fall under the category of traditional medicine. CAM interventions not only treat the physical aspects of health, but as clinicians are beginning to realize, these interventions may also be effective in treating psychological problems, most notably anxiety and depression. This research focused on attitudes toward CAM for psychological disorders. I examined participants’ attitudes about the use of CAM …
A Correlational Study Of Self-Regulation And Fine Arts In Education, Rachel D. Hendricks
A Correlational Study Of Self-Regulation And Fine Arts In Education, Rachel D. Hendricks
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Self-regulation positively relates to student behavior and achievement, and fine arts participation has demonstrated similar improvements in behavior and achievement. It was hypothesized that participation in school-based fine arts would positively correlate with self-regulation, and the intensity of students’ fine arts participation would also correlate with self-regulation. Students aged 15 to 19 were administered a self-regulation questionnaire. Responses from students currently participating in fine arts were compared to students with no fine arts participation to find if a relationship exists between fine arts and self-regulation. This study found no significant relationship between fine arts participation and self-regulation, and no significant …
Age Of Kindergarten Entry And Rate Of Specific Learning Disabilities, Elizabeth A. Crum
Age Of Kindergarten Entry And Rate Of Specific Learning Disabilities, Elizabeth A. Crum
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Kindergarten age eligibility requirements vary from state to state; however, school districts typically admit children into kindergarten in the fall following a student’s fifth birthday. Research on the outcomes of five-year-old children and children whose entry was delayed until age six is contradictory. The current study was conducted to add to the existing literature to assist families and policy makers with decision making regarding appropriate kindergarten entry age. The sample included 541 second through seventh grade students from a small rural school district. Actual and predicted counts of students who were later found eligible for specific learning disabilities were examined …