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Fully Biologically Active In Vitro Transcripts Of The Eriophyid Mite-Transmitted Wheat Streak Mosaic Tritimovirus, Il-Ryong Choi, Roy C. French, Gary L. Hein, Drake C. Stenger
Fully Biologically Active In Vitro Transcripts Of The Eriophyid Mite-Transmitted Wheat Streak Mosaic Tritimovirus, Il-Ryong Choi, Roy C. French, Gary L. Hein, Drake C. Stenger
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
Infectious RNA of wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) has been produced using a full-length cDNA clone as a template for in vitro transcription with SP6 RNA polymerase. Infectivity was dependent on the use of template plasmid DNA that had not undergone spontaneous rearrangement during amplification in Escherichia coli. The presence of WSMV in systemically infected wheat plants inoculated with in vitro transcripts was confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction of the WSMV P3 gene and by accumulation of WSMV coat protein as detected by immunoblotting. Maintenance of the full-length WSMV cDNA in the high copy number plasmid pUC18 was problematic …
Biological Control Of Bipolaris Sorokiniana On Tall Fescue By Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Strain C3, Z. Zhang, G. Y. Yuen
Biological Control Of Bipolaris Sorokiniana On Tall Fescue By Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Strain C3, Z. Zhang, G. Y. Yuen
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain C3 was evaluated for control of leaf spot on tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana. In growth chamber experiments, C3 inhibited conidial germination on leaf surfaces and reduced lesion frequency and percent diseased leaf area compared with nontreated controls. The amount of leaf spot suppression was related to the C3 dose applied. The highest dose tested, 109 CFU/ml, prevented nearly all B. sorokiniana conidia from germinating on treated leaf surfaces and provided nearly complete suppression of lesion development. When colloidal chitin was added to C3 cell suspensions of 107 or …
Morphogenesis Is Coordinated With Nuclear Division In Germinating Aspergillus Nidulans Conidiospores, Steven D. Harris
Morphogenesis Is Coordinated With Nuclear Division In Germinating Aspergillus Nidulans Conidiospores, Steven D. Harris
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
Germinating Aspergillus nidulans conidiospores switch to polarized apical growth following an initial period of isotropic expansion. At the same time, they re-enter the nuclear division cycle. The relationship between spore polarization and nuclear division was investigated by testing the effect of cell cycle inhibitors and temperature-sensitive cell cycle mutations on spore morphogenesis. On rich media, it was found that spore polarization is delayed if completion of the first mitosis is blocked. The observed delay may be dependent upon the activity of the mitosis-promoting NIMA kinase. An additional mechanism appears to prevent polarization as the spore progresses through its first S …
Dnak And The Heat Stress Response Of Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Glycinea, Lisa M. W. Keith, James E. Partridge, Carol L. Bender
Dnak And The Heat Stress Response Of Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Glycinea, Lisa M. W. Keith, James E. Partridge, Carol L. Bender
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
The dnaK gene from Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea PG4180 was cloned and sequenced. The dnaK coding region was 1,917 bp and contained a putative O32 heat shock promoter 86 bp upstream of the translational start site. grpE, another heat shock gene, was found immediately upstream of the putative dnaK promoter. The predicted amino acid sequence of dnaK showed relatedness to the ATPase and substrate binding domains commonly found in heat shock proteins, as well as the highly conserved signature sequence motifs belonging to the Hsp70 protein family. Furthermore, the PG4180 dnaK gene complemented an Escherichia coli dnaK mutant …
An Engineered Closterovirus Rna Replicon And Analysis Of Heterologous Terminal Sequences For Replication, Satyanarayana Tatineni, Siddarame Gowda, V. P. Boyko, Maria R. Albiach-Marti, Munir Mawassi, J. Navas-Castillo, Alexander V. Karasev, V. Dolja, Mark E. Hilf, D. J. Lewandowski, P. Moreno, Moshe Bar-Joseph, S. M. Garnsey, William O. Dawson
An Engineered Closterovirus Rna Replicon And Analysis Of Heterologous Terminal Sequences For Replication, Satyanarayana Tatineni, Siddarame Gowda, V. P. Boyko, Maria R. Albiach-Marti, Munir Mawassi, J. Navas-Castillo, Alexander V. Karasev, V. Dolja, Mark E. Hilf, D. J. Lewandowski, P. Moreno, Moshe Bar-Joseph, S. M. Garnsey, William O. Dawson
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) populations in citrus trees are unusually complex mixtures of viral genotypes and defective RNAs developed during the long-term vegetative propagation of the virus and by additional mixing by aphid transmission. The viral replication process allows the maintenance of minor amounts of disparate genotypes and defective RNAs in these populations. CTV is a member of the Closteroviridae possessing a positive-stranded RNA genome of ≈20 kilobases that expresses the replicase-associated genes as an ≈400-kDa polyprotein and the remaining 10 3' genes through subgenomic mRNAs. A full-length cDNA clone of CTV was generated from which RNA transcripts capable of …
Novel Application Of Phastsystem Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ± Internal Transcribed Spacer Patterns Of Individuals For Molecular Identification Of Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Horolma Pamjav, Dimitra Triga, Zsuzsanna Buzµs, Tibor Vellai, Attila Lucskai, Byron Adams, Alexander P. Reid, Ann Burnell, Christine Griffin, Itamar Glazer, Michael G. Klein, Andras Fodor
Novel Application Of Phastsystem Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ± Internal Transcribed Spacer Patterns Of Individuals For Molecular Identification Of Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Horolma Pamjav, Dimitra Triga, Zsuzsanna Buzµs, Tibor Vellai, Attila Lucskai, Byron Adams, Alexander P. Reid, Ann Burnell, Christine Griffin, Itamar Glazer, Michael G. Klein, Andras Fodor
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
A relatively rapid and economic way of identifying and assigning nematodes to taxons, which had already been determined either by comparative sequence analysis of nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region or by other methods of molecular or conventional taxonomy, is provided. Molecular identification of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) can be upgraded by basing it on PhastSystem polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified DNA derived from single nematodes of Steinernema or Heterorhabditis spp. Although analysis from single worms has previously been made on agarose gel, the resolution on PhastSystem PAGE …
Genetic Variation In Geographical Populations Of Western And Mexican Corn Rootworm, A. L. Szalanski, R. L. Roehrdanz, D. B. Taylor, L. Chandler
Genetic Variation In Geographical Populations Of Western And Mexican Corn Rootworm, A. L. Szalanski, R. L. Roehrdanz, D. B. Taylor, L. Chandler
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
Genetic variation in the nuclear rDNA ITS1 region of western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (WCR), and Mexican corn rootworm, D. v. zeae (MCR) was studied. Two sites were detected which differentiated WCR and MCR in the 642-base sequence. Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the first internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1) sequence revealed no variation within or among the twelve WCR and two MCR populations. PCR-RFLP of 75% of the mitochondrial DNA genome detected one significant polymorphic site out of the approximately 190 restriction sizes observed in WCR. The polymorphism did not differentiate geographical populations of …
Identification And Characterization Of Genes Required For Hyphal Morphogenesis In The Filamentous Fungus Aspergillus Nidulans, Steven D. Harris, Amy F. Hofmann, Hugo W. Tedford, Maurice P. Lee
Identification And Characterization Of Genes Required For Hyphal Morphogenesis In The Filamentous Fungus Aspergillus Nidulans, Steven D. Harris, Amy F. Hofmann, Hugo W. Tedford, Maurice P. Lee
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
In the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, germination of an asexual conidiospore results in the formation of a hyphal cell. A key feature of spore germination is the switch from isotropic spore expansion to polarized apical growth. Here, temperature-sensitive mutations are used to characterize the roles of five genes (sepA, hypA, podB–podD) in the establishment and maintenance of hyphal polarity. Evidence that suggests that the hypA, podB, and sepA genes are required for multiple aspects of hyphal morphogenesis is presented. Notably, podB and sepA are needed for organization of the cytoskeleton at sites of …
Colletotrichum Trifolii Mutants Disrupted In The Catalytic Subunit Of Camp-Dependent Protein Kinase Are Nonpathogenic, Zhonghui Yang, Martin B. Dickman
Colletotrichum Trifolii Mutants Disrupted In The Catalytic Subunit Of Camp-Dependent Protein Kinase Are Nonpathogenic, Zhonghui Yang, Martin B. Dickman
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
Colletotrichum trifolii is the fungal pathogen of alfalfa that causes anthracnose disease. For successful plant infection, this fungus must undergo a series of morphological transitions following conidial attachment, including germination and subsequent differentiation, resulting in appressorium formation. Our previous studies with pharmacological effectors of signaling pathways have suggested the involvement of cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA) during these processes. To more precisely evaluate the role of PKA in C. trifolii morphogenesis, the gene encoding the catalytic (C) subunit of PKA (Ct-PKAC) was isolated, sequenced, and inactivated by gene replacement. Southern blot analysis with C. trifolii genomic DNA …
Giant Viruses Infecting Algae, James L. Van Etten, Russel Meints
Giant Viruses Infecting Algae, James L. Van Etten, Russel Meints
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus (PBCV-1) is the prototype of a family of large, icosahedral, plaque-forming, double-stranded–DNA-containing viruses that replicate in certain unicellular, eukaryotic chlorella-like green algae. DNA sequence analysis of its 330, 742-bp genome leads to the prediction that this phycodnavirus has 376 protein-encoding genes and 10 transfer RNA genes. The predicted gene products of ~40% of these genes resemble proteins of known function. The chlorella viruses have other features that distinguish them from most viruses, in addition to their large genome size. These features include the following: (a) The viruses encode multiple DNA methyltransferases and DNA site-specific endonucleases; (b) …
Isolates Of Uromyces Appendiculatus With Specific Virulence To Landraces Of Phaseolus Vulgaris Of Andean Origin, Craig M. Sandlin, James R. Steadman, Carlos M. Araya, Dermot P. Coyne
Isolates Of Uromyces Appendiculatus With Specific Virulence To Landraces Of Phaseolus Vulgaris Of Andean Origin, Craig M. Sandlin, James R. Steadman, Carlos M. Araya, Dermot P. Coyne
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
Five isolates of the bean rust fungus Uromyces appendiculatus were shown to be specifically virulent on bean genotypes of Andean origin. This specificity was demonstrated by the virulence of five pairs of isolates on a differential set of 30 Phaseolus vulgaris landraces. Each isolate pair was from a different country in the Americas and consisted of one Andean-specific isolate and one nonspecific isolate. Of the differential P. vulgaris landraces, 15 were of Middle American origin and 15 were of Andean origin. The Andean-specific rust isolates were highly virulent on Andean landraces but not on landraces of Middle American origin. …