Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Human–wildlife conflicts (8)
- Invasive species (7)
- Sus scrofa (7)
- Canis latrans (6)
- Coyote (6)
-
- Rodenticide (6)
- Wildlife damage management (5)
- Agriculture (4)
- Birds (4)
- Bovine tuberculosis (4)
- Rabies (4)
- Rodent (4)
- White-tailed deer (4)
- Agelaius phoeniceus (3)
- Canada geese (3)
- Cervus elaphus (3)
- Damage (3)
- Disease transmission (3)
- Elk (3)
- Feral hogs (3)
- Management (3)
- Michigan (3)
- Mycobacterium bovis (3)
- Odocoileus virginianus (3)
- Red-winged blackbird (3)
- testosterone. (2)
- Airports (2)
- Alfalfa (2)
- Alien species (2)
- Alpha-chloralose (2)
Articles 1 - 30 of 114
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Evaluation Of Remote Trap Monitors
Evaluation Of Remote Trap Monitors
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Can trap monitors save Wildlife Services (WS) specialists time and money by increasing the efficiency of trap checks? To find out, WS scientists and field specialists evaluated the use of remote trap monitors. In 2006, WS personnel evaluated the effectiveness of two remote monitoring devices to alert wildlife specialists when an animal is captured in a trap. The devices, which can be used with any type of trap, consist of small radio transmitters that emit unique pulse rates when an animal is captured. WS personnel tested the device on a variety of wildlife species using several different types of traps …
Population-Based Fish Consumption Survey And Probabilistic Methylmercury Risk Assessment, John J. Johnston, Jamie L. Snow
Population-Based Fish Consumption Survey And Probabilistic Methylmercury Risk Assessment, John J. Johnston, Jamie L. Snow
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
A fish consumption survey was developed and administered by telephone to 820 Wyoming fishing license holders. Survey respondents provided the frequency, species, and quantity of Wyoming-caught and store-bought fish consumed for license holder and household members. Deterministic and probabilistic methylmercury exposure distributions were estimated by multiplying fish consumption by species-specific mercury concentrations for each household member. Risk assessments were conducted for children, women of childbearing age, and the rest of the population by comparing methylmercury exposure distributions to levels of concern. The results indicate that probabilistic risk assessment likely provides a more realistic view of the risk to the study …
Rats Dying For Mice: Modeling The Competitor Release Effect, Stephane Caut, Jorge G. Casanovas, Emilio Virgos, Jorge Lozano, Gary W. Witmer, Franck Courchamp
Rats Dying For Mice: Modeling The Competitor Release Effect, Stephane Caut, Jorge G. Casanovas, Emilio Virgos, Jorge Lozano, Gary W. Witmer, Franck Courchamp
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Introduced vertebrate predators are one of the most important threats to endemic species throughout a range of ecosystems, in particular on islands in biodiversity hot spots. Consequently, the reduction of predator numbers is considered a key conservation action in the management of many native vertebrates vulnerable to predators. It is now established that control attempts may affect non-target species through trophic interactions, but little is known concerning their consequences on competitive relationships. We study a mathematical model mimicking the effects of controlling introduced species in the presence of their competitors. We used two competing rodents to illustrate our study: black …
Anti-Prion Activity Generated By A Novel Vaccine Formulation, John Pilon, Christina Loiacono, Danelle Okeson, Sharon Lund, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Jack Rhyan, Lowell Miller
Anti-Prion Activity Generated By A Novel Vaccine Formulation, John Pilon, Christina Loiacono, Danelle Okeson, Sharon Lund, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Jack Rhyan, Lowell Miller
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) of domestic and wild cervids in North America. To address possible prevention regimens for CWD, we have used a mouse model system and the Rocky Mountain Laboratory (RML) mouse-adapted scrapie prion strain to screen efficacy of potential vaccine candidates. Three peptides derived from the primary amino acid sequence of the prion protein were conjugated to blue carrier protein (BCP) and formulated in an adjuvant containing M. avium subsp. avium. CL57/BL6 mice were vaccinated and boosted with 50 µg of the carrier protein–peptide conjugate formulation; all vaccines produced a humoral …
Mosquito Landing Rates On Nesting American Robins (Turdus Migratorius), Sean M. Griffing, A. Marm Kilpatrick, Larry Clark, Peter P. Marra
Mosquito Landing Rates On Nesting American Robins (Turdus Migratorius), Sean M. Griffing, A. Marm Kilpatrick, Larry Clark, Peter P. Marra
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
We measured mosquito landing rates on adult and nestling American robins at nests with infrared cameras in Washington, D.C., and Maryland, United States. Mosquitoes landed on nesting robins almost exclusively between dusk and dawn. The mean number of mosquito landings per night was higher for adults (123.3 ± SE 32.8) than nestlings (37.26 ± 14.8). The fraction of mosquitoes landing at a nest on nestlings increased with decreases in adult brooding. Oral swabs from nestlings at these and 13 other robin, Gray catbird, and house finch nests were negative for West Nile virus (WNV). These results show that landing rates …
Changes In Kit Fox-Coyote-Prey Relationships In The Great Basin Desert, Utah, Wendy M. Arjo, Eric M. Gese, Tim J. Bennett, Adam J. Kozlowski
Changes In Kit Fox-Coyote-Prey Relationships In The Great Basin Desert, Utah, Wendy M. Arjo, Eric M. Gese, Tim J. Bennett, Adam J. Kozlowski
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Variation in kit fox (Vulpes macroiis) population parameters can be influenced by vegetative cover and the distribution and abundance of other predator and prey species. Dramatic changes to Great Basin Desert habitats, which can potentially impact mammalian species, have occurred in some areas in Utah. We examined kit Fox demographics and prey populations from 1999 to 2001 on Dugway Proving Ground (DPG), a U.S. Army facility in Utah, and compared some parameters to historical levels (1956-1958, 1966-1969). Adult survival rates were fairly consistent between 1999 and 2000 and between 1999 and 2001; however, survival was greater in 2001 …
Elk Use Of Wallows And Potential Chronic Wasting Disease Transmission, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Patrick W. Burke, Gregory W. Phillips, Justin W. Fischer, Nathan W. Seward, Bruce A. Wunder, Michael J. Lavelle
Elk Use Of Wallows And Potential Chronic Wasting Disease Transmission, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Patrick W. Burke, Gregory W. Phillips, Justin W. Fischer, Nathan W. Seward, Bruce A. Wunder, Michael J. Lavelle
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Deposition of prions into the environment by infected animals may contribute to transmission and spread of chronic wasting disease (CWD) among free-ranging cervids, and identification of such environmental sources may provide an avenue for managing CWD. We evaluated the role that wallow use by elk (Cervus elaphus) may play in CWD transmission by monitoring wallows with animal-activated cameras throughout their period of use. We monitored 39 wallows from 5 August 2005 to 14 October 2005. Elk visited 20 sites; we recorded 22 events when only male elk wallowed and 374 additional events when male and female elk had …
Ecology And Management Of Rodents In No-Till Agriculture In Washington, Usa, Gary W. Witmer, Rodney Sayler, David Huggins, Jason Capelli
Ecology And Management Of Rodents In No-Till Agriculture In Washington, Usa, Gary W. Witmer, Rodney Sayler, David Huggins, Jason Capelli
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
No-till farming is an important approach to sustainable agriculture because it can conserve soil and water resources. Unfortunately, rodent populations can thrive under no-till conditions because burrow systems are not disrupted by annual plowing and plant residues build-up on the surface, providing cover and insulation. This can result in substantial crop damage. We assessed rodent populations, habitat use, food habits, and crop damage in a no-till cropping system in Washington, USA. We also conducted preliminary trials of methods to reduce rodent populations and crop damage. In the fall, many more rodents were captured in fields with unharvested crops than in …
Effects Of Coyote Population Reduction On Swift Fox Demographics In Southeastern Colorado, Seija M. Karki, Eric M. Gese, Mead L. Klavetter
Effects Of Coyote Population Reduction On Swift Fox Demographics In Southeastern Colorado, Seija M. Karki, Eric M. Gese, Mead L. Klavetter
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The distribution and abundance of swift foxes (Vulpes velox) has declined from historic levels. Causes for the decline include habitat loss and fragmentation, incidental poisoning, changing land use practices, trapping, and predation by other carnivores. Coyotes (Canis latrans) overlap the geographical distribution of swift foxes, compete for similar resources, and are a significant source of mortality amongst many swift fox populations. Current swift fox conservation and management plans to bolster declining or recovering fox populations may include coyote population reduction to decrease predation. However, the role of coyote predation in swift fox population dynamics is not …
Determination Of Sulfadimethoxine Residues In Skunk Serum By Hplc, Thomas M. Primus, Susan M. Jojola, Stacie J. Robinson, John J. Johnston
Determination Of Sulfadimethoxine Residues In Skunk Serum By Hplc, Thomas M. Primus, Susan M. Jojola, Stacie J. Robinson, John J. Johnston
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Sulfadimethoxine (SDM) was extracted from skunk serum and isolated by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. SDM was detected by ultra-violet absorbance at 270 nm and quantified by comparison to an external calibration standard. Recovery data were determined by analyzing SDM fortified control serum. The overall mean recovery with relative standard deviations of SDM in fortified skunk serum samples was 99±7%. The recovery for 0.38, 5.2, and 14.2 μg/mL SDM was 96.0±7.5%, 102±6.1%, and 97.3±5.1%, respectively. The method limit of detection for SDM in skunk serum ranged from 0.032 to 0.057 μg/mL SDM with a mean value of 0.040 mg/mL SDM. …
Do Herbivores Associate Flavors With Specific Consequences In Flavor Aversion Learning?, Bruce A. Kimball, Vida Billings
Do Herbivores Associate Flavors With Specific Consequences In Flavor Aversion Learning?, Bruce A. Kimball, Vida Billings
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Goats were first offered a novel, maple-flavored diet paired with either lithium chloride (LiCl) or oxalic acid (OA) delivered intraruminally. Aversion to maple diet persisted for 6 days, regardless of toxin. Following a 10-day intermission, aversion to maple diet was reacquired (spontaneous recovery) among subjects previously dosed with LiCl but not for subjects receiving OA. All subjects were then offered two diets: the maple diet previously paired with LiCl or OA and a novel grape-flavored diet. Immediately following consumption of both diets, all subjects were dosed with LiCl. Preference for maple and grape diets was assessed by two-choice test. Goats …
Does Interference Competition With Wolves Limit The Distribution And Abundance Of Coyotes?, Kim Murray Berger, Eric M. Gese
Does Interference Competition With Wolves Limit The Distribution And Abundance Of Coyotes?, Kim Murray Berger, Eric M. Gese
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
1. Interference competition with wolves Canis lupus is hypothesized to limit the distribution and abundance of coyotes Canis latrans, and the extirpation of wolves is often invoked to explain the expansion in coyote range throughout much of North America.
2. We used spatial, seasonal and temporal heterogeneity in wolf distribution and abundance to test the hypothesis that interference competition with wolves limits the distribution and abundance of coyotes. From August 2001 to August 2004, we gathered data on cause-specific mortality and survival rates of coyotes captured at wolf-free and wolf-abundant sites in Grand Teton National Park (GTNP), Wyoming, USA, …
Comparison Of Immune And Adverse Effects Induced By Adjuvac And Freund's Complete Adjuvant In New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus), Jenny G. Powers, Paul B. Nash, Jack C. Rhyan, Christi A. Yoder, Lowell A. Miller
Comparison Of Immune And Adverse Effects Induced By Adjuvac And Freund's Complete Adjuvant In New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus), Jenny G. Powers, Paul B. Nash, Jack C. Rhyan, Christi A. Yoder, Lowell A. Miller
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Though Freund's complete adjuvant effectively increases immune response to vaccines in various species, its potentially severe inflammatory effects have led many animal researchers to seek alternative immunological adjuvants. In a study of New Zealand white rabbits, the authors compared the immune and adverse effects of Freund's complete adjuvant with the effects of two formulations of AdjuVac, an immunological adjuvant previously developed by their group. ALL three adjuvants improved humoral immune response but also caused inflammation. Inflammatory reactions caused by AdjuVac, however, tended to be Less severe than those caused by Freund's complete adjuvant.
An Extraordinary Patch Of Feral Hog Damage In Florida Before And After Initiating Hog Removal, Richard M. Engeman, John Woolard, Henry T. Smith, Jean Bourassa, Bernice U. Constantin, Daniel Griffin
An Extraordinary Patch Of Feral Hog Damage In Florida Before And After Initiating Hog Removal, Richard M. Engeman, John Woolard, Henry T. Smith, Jean Bourassa, Bernice U. Constantin, Daniel Griffin
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Feral hogs (Sus scrofa) are a particularly destructive exotic species in the United States (U.S. Department of Agriculture 1999), including Florida, which, along with Hawaii, is one of 2 states cited as having the most severe invasive species problems (U.S. Congress 1993) in the country. First introduced to North America by the European colonists (Conover 2007) hogs were one of the first invasive exotic species to take hold in Florida. They can transmit disease to livestock (Hartin et al. 2007) and humans (Conover and Vail 2007). They impose a variety of negative environmental impacts, including habitat degradation and …
Does Interference Competition With Wolves Limit The Distribution And Abundance Of Coyotes?, Kim Murray Berger, Eric M. Gese
Does Interference Competition With Wolves Limit The Distribution And Abundance Of Coyotes?, Kim Murray Berger, Eric M. Gese
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
1. Interference competition with wolves Canis lupus is hypothesized to limit the distribution and abundance of coyotes Canis latrans, and the extirpation of wolves is often invoked to explain the expansion in coyote range throughout much of North America.
2. We used spatial, seasonal and temporal heterogeneity in wolf distribution and abundance to test the hypothesis that interference competition with wolves limits the distribution and abundance of coyotes. From August 2001 to August 2004, we gathered data on cause-specific mortality and survival rates of coyotes captured at wolf-free and wolf-abundant sites in Grand Teton National Park (GTNP), Wyoming, USA, …
Population Biology And Monitoring Of The Cuban Hutia At Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, Gary W. Witmer, Martin Lowney
Population Biology And Monitoring Of The Cuban Hutia At Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, Gary W. Witmer, Martin Lowney
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The Cuban hutia (Capromys pilorides) is the largest native mammal occurring in Cuba. Endemic to the West Indies, most species of hutia are rare or extinct because of over-harvesting, exotic species introductions, and habitat modifications by humans. An exception is Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, where the Cuban hutia is very common and is responsible for a variety of damage and conflicts, including damage to landscaping, gnawing through cables, damage to vehicles, the accumulation of large amounts of feces in residential areas, and damage to native vegetation, with little subsequent regeneration of many plant species. Current management focuses on population …
National Wildlife Research Center: Research Update Summer 2007
National Wildlife Research Center: Research Update Summer 2007
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Wildlife Services: Vision and Strategic Goals
Spotlight on NWRC Rice Research
Blackbird Damage
History of Rice Research
NWRC Realigns Research Programs
WS Partners with Chinese Scientists to Study Role of Wildlife as Carriers of Avian Influenza
Rodent Control Collaboration at Army Training Area
NWRC Field Station Assists University of Hawaii Anthropology Department
Developing Methods & Providing Wildlife Services
EPA Registers Oral Contraceptive for Pigeons
New DRC-1339 “Take” Models Available for Use
Oregon and Washington Register a New Forest Pest Management Tool
Researchers Present Method for Permitted Take of Migratory Birds
New HPCL Analytical Method Developed for Warfarin
WS Begins Efforts …
Gopherus Polyphemus (Gopher Tortoise) Mortality, Richard M. Engeman, Henry T. Smith, Gregory S. Kaufman
Gopherus Polyphemus (Gopher Tortoise) Mortality, Richard M. Engeman, Henry T. Smith, Gregory S. Kaufman
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Gopherus polyphemus has declined precipitously in range and numbers in Florida and recently was state-listed as a "threatened" species under the Florida Wildlife Code (Chap. 39, Florida Administrative Code). At ca. 1000 h on 27 July 2006, GK observed a 23 cm carapace length male G. polyphemus between the North- South railroad tracks on the eastern boundary of Savannas Preserve State Park (SPSP) in St. Lucie County, Florida (Fig. 1). The tortoise seemed uninjured, but was deceased. Eastern Box Turtles (Terrapene carolina) were recently shown to have great difficulty escaping railroad tracks, with overheating to critical levels likely …
Intrafield Patterns Of Wildlife Damage To Corn And Soybeans In Northern Indiana, Travis L. Devault, James C. Beasley, Lee A. Humberg, Brian J. Macgowan, Monica I. Retamosa, Olin E. Rhodes Jr.
Intrafield Patterns Of Wildlife Damage To Corn And Soybeans In Northern Indiana, Travis L. Devault, James C. Beasley, Lee A. Humberg, Brian J. Macgowan, Monica I. Retamosa, Olin E. Rhodes Jr.
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Management programs aimed at reducing wildlife damage to row crops rely on information concerning the spatial nature of wildlife damage at local and landscape scales. In this study we explored spatial patterns of wildlife damage within individual corn and soybean fields by describing relationships between specific locations where wildlife damage was recorded and distances from such locations to various habitat types that presumably influenced animal abundance and movements in our study area. Using stratified random sampling, we conducted depredation surveys of 100 corn fields and 60 soybean fields from May through October both in 2003 and 2004 and recorded the …
Daytime Cover, Diet And Space-Use Of Golden Jackals (Canis Aureus) In Agro-Ecosystems Of Bangladesh, Michael M. Jaeger, Emdadul Haque, Parvin Sultana, Richard L. Bruggers
Daytime Cover, Diet And Space-Use Of Golden Jackals (Canis Aureus) In Agro-Ecosystems Of Bangladesh, Michael M. Jaeger, Emdadul Haque, Parvin Sultana, Richard L. Bruggers
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Golden jackals are locally common in Bangladesh despite intensive cultivation and high human densities. We studied the relative importance of seasonal flooding, rodent prey-base, and daytime cover on the occurrence of golden jackals in the two major agro-ecosystems in Bangladesh, one with annual monsoon flooding and the other without. Jackals were less common throughout the year where floodwaters occurred that would have excluded them for 1–3 months during their pup-rearing season. Diets of jackals were similar in the two agro-ecosystems. Rodents were the most common food type in scats throughout the year. The occurrence of burrowing rats in scats peaked …
Adaptive And Economic Management Methods For Feral Hog Control In Florida, Richard M. Engeman, Bernice U. Constantin, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Henry T. Smith, John Woolard, John Allen, John Dunlap
Adaptive And Economic Management Methods For Feral Hog Control In Florida, Richard M. Engeman, Bernice U. Constantin, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Henry T. Smith, John Woolard, John Allen, John Dunlap
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Feral hogs (Sus scrofa) negatively impact the environment in most places around the world where they have been introduced into the wild. In many places, hog removal is essential to protect special habitats, in particular, wetlands. This paper describes techniques developed for use in adaptive management approaches to enhance hog removal efforts in Florida, as well as methods to evaluate the economic impacts from hog management. A valuable adaptive management tool that can be an easily applied index to monitor feral hog activity is track plots. This method has been effective for monitoring hog distribution and relative abundance, …
Oneida Lake’S Cormorant Harassment Program – Frequently Asked Questions, Travis L. Devault
Oneida Lake’S Cormorant Harassment Program – Frequently Asked Questions, Travis L. Devault
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Oneida Lake's cormorant harassment program, which began in 1998, is an outstanding example of an outstanding example of an effective government response to environmental problems. This program, administered by the United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services Division, has contributed mightily to a major resurgence in the lake's game fish populations during the past three years. In the following article, USDA biologist Travis DeVault answers questions that often arise about the harassment program.
Birds, George M. Linz, Jim Hanzel
Birds, George M. Linz, Jim Hanzel
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Sunflower, due to the easy accessibility and high nutritional value of its seed, is particularly vulnerable to damage by birds (Figure 101). Seeds are exposed and the large head serves as a perch during feeding. Sunflower seed is a preferred bird food because the seed contains many proteins and fats essential to their growth, molt, fat storage and weight maintenance processes. Although many species of birds feed in maturing sunflower fields, the greatest losses are caused by migrating flocks of red-winged blackbirds, yellow- headed blackbirds and common grackles (Figure 102). Significant losses can occur in fields near cattail marshes.
From The Field: An Extraordinary Patch Of Feral Hog Damage In Florida Before And After Initiating Hog Removal, John Woolard, Henry T. Smith, Jean Bourassa, Bernice U. Constantin, Daniel Griffin
From The Field: An Extraordinary Patch Of Feral Hog Damage In Florida Before And After Initiating Hog Removal, John Woolard, Henry T. Smith, Jean Bourassa, Bernice U. Constantin, Daniel Griffin
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Feral hogs (Sus scrofa) are a particularly destructive exotic species in the United States (U.S. Department of Agriculture 1999), including Florida, which, along with Hawaii, is one of 2 states cited as having the most severe invasive species problems (U.S. Congress 1993) in the country. First introduced to North America by the European colonists (Conover 2007) hogs were one of the first invasive exotic species to take hold in Florida. They can transmit disease to livestock (Hartin et al. 2007) and humans (Conover and Vail 2007). They impose a variety of negative environmental impacts, including habitat degradation and …
Distribution And Disease Prevalence Of Feral Hogs In Missouri, R. Edwin Hartin, Mark R. Ryan, Tyler A. Campbell
Distribution And Disease Prevalence Of Feral Hogs In Missouri, R. Edwin Hartin, Mark R. Ryan, Tyler A. Campbell
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
No attempts have been made to document the distribution of feral hogs (Sus scrofa) in Missouri. Also, antibody prevalence for pseudorabies virus and swine brucellosis have not been reported from Missouri. Our objectives were to characterize the current distribution of feral hogs in Missouri and to determine prevalence and distribution of feral hogs with antibodies against selected important diseases. We collected feral hog sighting data both from the public and Missouri Wildlife Services and Missouri Department of Conservation wildlife biologists. We determined prevalence of antibodies against pseudorabies virus, swine brucellosis, tularemia, and classical swine fever. From 2000 to …
A Fence Design For Excluding Elk Without Impeding Other Wildlife, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Nathan W. Seward, Michael J. Lavelle, Justin W. Fischer, Gregory W. Phillips
A Fence Design For Excluding Elk Without Impeding Other Wildlife, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Nathan W. Seward, Michael J. Lavelle, Justin W. Fischer, Gregory W. Phillips
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Concentrated herbivory by elk (Cervus elaphus) can degrade vegetative communities and alter ecosystem processes. Areas severely damaged by elk are commonly protected with woven wire fence, which can exclude other animals. Complete exclusion and prevention of large mammal herbivory might not always be necessary to restore vegetative communities. We designed and evaluated a simple fence that excluded elk, but maintained access for deer and other species. We enclosed a 1-ha stand of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michaux) with our fence in an area with a high density of elk. We monitored effectiveness of the fence with trackplots, …
Crop Diversification Leads To Diverse Bird Problems In Hawaiian Agriculture, Marni E. Koopman, William C. Pitt
Crop Diversification Leads To Diverse Bird Problems In Hawaiian Agriculture, Marni E. Koopman, William C. Pitt
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Over the last 20 years, Hawaii’s agriculture has shifted from a focus on sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) and pineapples (Ananas comosus) produced on large farms to a diverse array of products produced on a multitude of smaller farms. This dramatic shift in production, in addition to the introduction of many new avian species, has resulted in a concomitant change in the problems faced by agriculture. We surveyed farmers to determine the extent of bird damage to crops, the species responsible, the crops most vulnerable, and control methods employed. Bird problems varied by island, but cardinals ( …
Foraging Preferences Of Captive Canada Geese Related To Turfgrass Mixtures, Brian E. Washburn, Scott C. Barras, Thomas W. Seamans
Foraging Preferences Of Captive Canada Geese Related To Turfgrass Mixtures, Brian E. Washburn, Scott C. Barras, Thomas W. Seamans
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Overabundant populations of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) cause economic and safety concerns associated with collisions with civil and military aircraft. Habitat management techniques that reduce the use of airfield habitats by geese might reduce these concerns. The objective of this study was to determine if captive Canada geese exhibited a foraging preference between a vegetation mixture consisting mostly of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and white clover (Trifolium repens) versus an endophyte-infected tall fescue- (Festuca arundinacea) based vegetation mixture. We established 6 paired plots of perennial ryegrass-dominated and tall fescue-dominated mixtures at NASA …
The Ecology Of Vertebrate Pests And Integrated Pest Management (Ipm), Gary W. Witmer
The Ecology Of Vertebrate Pests And Integrated Pest Management (Ipm), Gary W. Witmer
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Across the world, vertebrates cause considerable annual damage to agriculture, property, human health and safety, and natural resources. Although some species of all vertebrate groups have been implicated in damage, the species most often involved in serious amounts of damage are birds and mammals. Agroecosystems have provided many new opportunities for vertebrates to exploit, resulting in their becoming serious "pests" with humans taking various steps to protect their agricultural resources. This conflict has intensified as the human population has increased, efforts to get more production out of traditional croplands have intensified, and marginal lands have been placed into crop production. …
Species-Specific Visitation And Removal Of Baits For Delivery Of Pharmaceuticals To Feral Swine, Tyler A. Campbell, David B. Long
Species-Specific Visitation And Removal Of Baits For Delivery Of Pharmaceuticals To Feral Swine, Tyler A. Campbell, David B. Long
USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Within the domestic swine industry there is growing trepidation about the role feral swine (Sus scrofa) play in the maintenance and transmission of important swine diseases. Innovative disease management tools for feral swine are needed. We used field trials conducted in southern Texas from February to March 2006 to compare species-specific visitation and removal rates of fish-flavored and vegetable-flavored baits with and without commercially available raccoon (Procyon lotor/) repellent (trial 1) and removal rates of baits deployed in a systematic and cluster arrangement (trial 2). During trial 1, 1) cumulative bait removal rates after four nights …