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Review Of Struggle Over Utah’S San Rafael Swell By Jeffrey Durrant, Michael Coughlan
Review Of Struggle Over Utah’S San Rafael Swell By Jeffrey Durrant, Michael Coughlan
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
Jeffrey O. Durrant’s Struggle Over Utah’s San Rafael Swell: Wilderness, National Conservation Areas, and National Monuments presents a history of the political conflict over public lands use and management of the canyon riddled landscape of central Utah. It examines the conflict using the content of the public record: journalistic media, governmental correspondence, mission statements and public statements of the stakeholder organizations, agencies and local governments involved. Struggle is at its core a journalistic narrative that unfortunately does not live up to the standards of an academic presentation of a recurrent political ecological theme in the American West. Indeed, Durrant reviews …
Review Of Behavioral Ecology And The Transition To Agriculture By Douglas J. Kennett And Bruce Winterhalder, Ellie Haywood-Maclin
Review Of Behavioral Ecology And The Transition To Agriculture By Douglas J. Kennett And Bruce Winterhalder, Ellie Haywood-Maclin
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
Human Behavioral Ecology (HBE) has been used for more than two decades to examine hunter-gatherer societies. Kennett and Winterhalder’s edited volume takes HBE in new directions, applying well-known concepts and models to the transition from foraging to farming. While many edited volumes lack focus, this one is a well-written and cohesive document. Winterhalder and Kennett’s introductory chapter provides a clear summary of HBE literature and a review of common concepts. This makes individual case studies approachable even to HBE newcomers.
The book is not sectioned, but the case studies in Chapters 2 to 12 can be divided based on subject …
A Methodology For Assessing Rural Livelihood Strategies In West/Central Africa: Lessons From The Field, Ruth Malleson, Stella Asaha, Terry Sunderland, Philip Burnham, Martins Egot, Kwaku Obeng-Okrah, Imabong Ukpe, Wendy Miles
A Methodology For Assessing Rural Livelihood Strategies In West/Central Africa: Lessons From The Field, Ruth Malleson, Stella Asaha, Terry Sunderland, Philip Burnham, Martins Egot, Kwaku Obeng-Okrah, Imabong Ukpe, Wendy Miles
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
This paper critically evaluates and discusses some of the methodological practicalities of applying a combined participatory and small-scale survey approach to investigating rural livelihood strategies of people living in the humid forest zone of Southwest Cameroon, Southeast Nigeria and Southwest Ghana, with particular reference to assessing the economic importance of non-timber forest products. It describes the sampling methods used to select study zones, settlements and households as well as the participatory techniques and instruments used to differentiate households and gather information on rural incomes. Details of the successes and problems encountered during implementation are presented. The challenges faced by those …
To Beef Or Not To Beef: Defining Food Security And Insecurity In Tucumán Argentina, Ariela Zycherman
To Beef Or Not To Beef: Defining Food Security And Insecurity In Tucumán Argentina, Ariela Zycherman
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
Anthropologists have had a long and rich history of drawing out the cultural importance of diet and the beliefs and rituals that are associated with it. Many anthropologists combine this knowledge with biological data to create a more comprehensive understanding of the diet. This skill becomes particularly important in understanding the difficulties of defining terms like food security and food insecurity among vulnerable populations. Popular working definitions focus primarily on the diet as being a nutritious entity that leads to a healthy and active lifestyle. While these definitions weigh heavily on the biological importance of diet, they deal with the …
Antropología Y Diversidad Cultivada: Experiencias En Torno A La Biodiversidad Tradicional En El Sur De Extremadura, España, José Díaz Diego
Antropología Y Diversidad Cultivada: Experiencias En Torno A La Biodiversidad Tradicional En El Sur De Extremadura, España, José Díaz Diego
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
This case study will show the potential of traditional agroecosystems to stimulate rural agricultural economies in Extremadura, Spain. Through anthropological work and botanical exploration in the project “Desemillas: Recuperación y puesta en valor de las variedades agrícolas tradicionales de Tentudía” this paper will discuss the current status of local plant genetic resources, traditional knowledge about their conservation and management, and the role of awareness and appreciation for the maintenance of cultivated biodiversity in the district of Tentudía (Badajoz, Spain).
La presente comunicación pretende exponer algunas consideraciones sobre el potencial de la biodiversidad tradicional para un nuevo impulso de la economía …
Review Of A Greener Faith: Religious Environmentalism And Our Planet’S Future By Roger S. Gottlieb, Nemer Narchi
Review Of A Greener Faith: Religious Environmentalism And Our Planet’S Future By Roger S. Gottlieb, Nemer Narchi
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
One arena with the most diverse wealth of ideas is environmentalism. The environmental consequences experienced since the beginning of the industrial revolution and throughout the entire post-Fordian era have raised genuine concerns on how to combine the commodities of modernity with sustainability. These concerns have been discussed from different positions, one of which is Religious Environmentalism.
Review Of Half-Lives & Half-Truths: Confronting The Radioactive Legacies Of The Cold War By Barbara Rose Johnson, Amber Huff
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
Conventional wisdom holds that the twentieth century nuclear arms race effectively avoided global nuclear war and its consequences through the doctrine of mutual assured destruction. In reality, the cold war was not “cold” at all, but characterized by a series conflicts and crises with political, economic and sociocultural legacies that continue to structure world politics into the 21st century. Possibly the most profound but often overlooked consequences of this period are the long-term effects of nuclear militarism on human and environmental health. In Half-Lives & Half-Truths: Confronting the Radioactive Legacies of the Cold War, edited by Barbara Rose Johnson, …
A Landscape Of Possibilities: Seeking Food Security In Matutúine District, Mozambique, L. Jen Shaffer
A Landscape Of Possibilities: Seeking Food Security In Matutúine District, Mozambique, L. Jen Shaffer
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
Food security for many Africans requires exploiting a wide variety of resources. People living on the coastal savanna of southern Mozambique use the landscape’s diversity to supplement domestic food production. This photo essay highlights the variety of resources used and problems faced in achieving food security in two communities in Matutúine District, Mozambique.
Review Of Skin: A Natural History By Nina G. Jablonski, Patrick Huff
Review Of Skin: A Natural History By Nina G. Jablonski, Patrick Huff
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
In recent years, there seems to have been a wave of new books focused on mundane items of daily life. A list of the subjects of these books reads like a catalogue of commodities: coal, salt, cod, tobacco, coffee, cotton, not to mention various works dealing with commodities of the shadow economy such as cocaine, cannabis and heroin. These books seem to comprise a growing genre of popular non-fiction that might be called commodity biographies wherein the major narrative focus is on explicating the histories and everyday uses and abuses of perennially popular and ubiquitous items. Nina G. Jablonski’s Skin: …
Review Of The Organ Pipe Cactus By David Yetman, Geoff Kelley
Review Of The Organ Pipe Cactus By David Yetman, Geoff Kelley
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
The Organ Pipe Cactus combines historical, interview, and field observation data to plea for greater awareness, appreciation, and conservation of the organ pipe cactus (Stenocereus thurberi) – pitaya as it is commonly known in the Sonoran Desert, Mexico. This short book (70 pages including excellent illustrations, glossary, references, and index) seeks to emphasize how (mostly impoverished) human communities have utilized and maintained the plant for centuries.
Yetman’s coverage of pitaya ecology is thorough and recognizes the roles humans have played in the plant’s distribution. Adaptations from cellular to landscape levels are explained with great clarity. Micro and macro …
Review Of The Maya Tropical Forest: People, Parks, And Ancient Cities By James D. Nations, David Greenwalt
Review Of The Maya Tropical Forest: People, Parks, And Ancient Cities By James D. Nations, David Greenwalt
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
At the center of the historic and contemporary Maya homeland in Central America lies the largest tropical rain forest north of the Amazon, a hotspot of biodiversity and an archaeological treasure trove. Split between Belize, Guatemala, and Mexico, management and conservation of cultural and ecological resources in the Maya Tropical Forest are at a critical juncture. While scientists and conservationists seek to preserve the area for future generations, regional economic and population pressures drive people further into the forest. The establishment of several parks, protected areas, and reserves has led to significant progress toward the preservation of the area, but …
A Message From The Editors, The Editors
A Message From The Editors, The Editors
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
During the last fifty years, there have been rising concerns about human impacts on the environment: biodiversity loss, over-exploitation of species, habitat degradation, global warming, pollution, poverty, and the increasing gap in global development. The outcomes of these environmental problems and impacts on the human condition are uncertain. Previously, theoretical literature integrating environment and development issues had been scarce. However, in recent decades, new approaches in human dimensions research have emerged which seek to understand the major causes of change in the environment, and how these causes vary over time, across space, and between social groups and economic sectors. Environmental …
Merging Qualitative And Quantitative Data In Mixed Methods Research: How To And Why Not, David L. Driscoll, Afua Appiah-Yeboah, Philip Salib, Douglas J. Rupert
Merging Qualitative And Quantitative Data In Mixed Methods Research: How To And Why Not, David L. Driscoll, Afua Appiah-Yeboah, Philip Salib, Douglas J. Rupert
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
This study assesses the utility of mixed methods designs that integrate qualitative and quantitative data through a transformative process. Two strategies for collecting qualitative and quantitative datasets are described, and processes by which they can be merged are presented in detail. Some of the benefits of mixed methods designs are summarized and the shortcomings and challenges inherent in quantitizing qualitative data in mixed methods research are delineated.
Garifuna Land Rights And Ecotourism As Economic Development In Honduras’ Cayos Cochinos Marine Protected Area, Keri Vacanti Brondo, Laura Woods
Garifuna Land Rights And Ecotourism As Economic Development In Honduras’ Cayos Cochinos Marine Protected Area, Keri Vacanti Brondo, Laura Woods
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
Ecotourism has been embraced by a number of developing nations hoping to improve their economies in a way that is environmentally and socially responsible. The Afroindigenous Garifuna population located in the Cayos Cochinos, a Marine Protected Area (MPA), is undergoing a livelihood transition from fishing to ecotourism. This paper draws on ethnographic research conducted with Operation Wallacea (Opwall), a private scientific research expedition organization, to begin to explore the potential barriers to the promotion of ecotourism as an alternative livelihood strategy. The historical struggle for territorial control in the region is presented as having created distrust between the Garifuna communities …
Review Of After Collapse: The Regeneration Of Complex Societies By Glenn M. Schwartz And John J. Nichols, Kelly Orr
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
Studies of sociopolitical change in early complex societies tend to focus on the emergence, florescence, and collapse of state-level polities with minimal attention to post-collapse processes such as dissolution, reorganization, and regeneration. Most archaeologists recognize the inherent instability and cyclical nature of early complex societies, particularly since the publication of The Collapse of Ancient States and Civilizations edited by Yoffee and Cowgill (1988) and Collapse of Complex Societies by Tainter (1988). After Collapse: The Regeneration of Complex Societies follows up these publications by extending the study of sociopolitical change to include post-collapse processes. Schwartz and Nichols organize the volume into …
Coexistence And Exclusion Between Humans And Monkeys In Japan: Is Either Really Possible?, David S. Sprague, Nobusuke Iwasaki
Coexistence And Exclusion Between Humans And Monkeys In Japan: Is Either Really Possible?, David S. Sprague, Nobusuke Iwasaki
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
The Japanese people face a cultural and ecological challenge in seeking a new relationship between themselves and the Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata). Monkeys are a major agricultural pest. Monkey habitat often lies within a short distance from fields and villages, and vice versa, especially in mountainous areas. The idealized solution is a form of coexistence where humans and monkeys somehow negotiate a harmonious compromise. A word used often in Japanese is kyosei, to live in common, implying a more intimate relation than mere side-by-side coexistence. In practice, kyosei is a word used by policy makers or scholars, but less often …
Ethnoprimatology: Toward Reconciliation Of Biological And Cultural Anthropology, Erin P. Riley
Ethnoprimatology: Toward Reconciliation Of Biological And Cultural Anthropology, Erin P. Riley
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
One of the hallmarks of the discipline of anthropology is its holistic approach to the study of what it means to be human. A perennial challenge to the discipline, however, is the question of whether biological and cultural anthropology can truly coexist given their traditionally disparate epistemologies and methodologies. In this paper, I argue that the emerging field of ethnoprimatology, which focuses on the ecological and cultural interconnections between human and nonhuman primates, has real potential to bridge these two subfields. I support my argument by discussing the theoretical rationale of an ethnoprimatological approach with regard to the notion of …
One Reserve, Three Primates: Applying A Holistic Approach To Understand The Interconnections Among Ring-Tailed Lemurs (Lemur Catta), Verreaux's Sifaka (Propithecus Verreauxi), And Humans (Homo Sapiens) At Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar, James E. Loudon, Michelle L. Sauther, Krista D. Fish, Mandala Hunter-Ishikawa, Youssouf Jacky Ibrahim
One Reserve, Three Primates: Applying A Holistic Approach To Understand The Interconnections Among Ring-Tailed Lemurs (Lemur Catta), Verreaux's Sifaka (Propithecus Verreauxi), And Humans (Homo Sapiens) At Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar, James E. Loudon, Michelle L. Sauther, Krista D. Fish, Mandala Hunter-Ishikawa, Youssouf Jacky Ibrahim
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
We applied cultural anthropological, ethological, and parasitological methodologies to investigate the interplay among three primate species, ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta), Verreaux’s sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi), and humans (Homo sapiens) who live within the same habitat (i.e. in sympatry) around the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar. Through a fusion of these methodologies we hope to provide a holistic understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of human-nonhuman primate sympatry. Interviews and questionnaires provided us with initial insights regarding the local peoples' attitudes toward sympatric strepsirrhine primates. Origin myths indicate a close association between humans, ring-tailed lemurs, and …
Primate Sanctuaries, Taxonomy And Survival: A Case Study From South Africa, Paul Grobler, Magali Jacquier, Helene Denys, Mary Blair, Patricia L. Whitten, Trudy R. Turner
Primate Sanctuaries, Taxonomy And Survival: A Case Study From South Africa, Paul Grobler, Magali Jacquier, Helene Denys, Mary Blair, Patricia L. Whitten, Trudy R. Turner
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
The relationship between humans and non-human primates in South Africa is problematic. On the one hand, vervet monkeys were formerly designated vermin species and could be destroyed at will. On the other hand, many people keep young vervets as pets even though this is illegal, and the animals are confiscated if discovered. Sanctuaries were established to accommodate large numbers of orphaned and confiscated animals. Owners of some of these sanctuaries attempt to establish normal troop structures in the hopes of releasing these animals back into the wild and relieving overcrowding. However, local farmers, fearing crop damage, resist this release. Nature …
Human-Nonhuman Primate Interconnections And Their Relevance To Anthropology, Agustin Fuentes
Human-Nonhuman Primate Interconnections And Their Relevance To Anthropology, Agustin Fuentes
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
The human-nonhuman primate interface is a core component in conservation and an emerging area of discourse across anthropology. There is a growing recognition of the relevance of long-term sympatry between human and nonhuman primates. Until recently these relationships received limited attention in the anthropological literature and in the primatological construction of models for the behavior and evolution of primate societies. Most socioecological investigations into primate groups and human populations do not incorporate their interactions (beyond predation or crop raiding), potential pathogen sharing, or the role of the anthropogenically impacted environment. Current relationships between humans and nonhuman primates are generally assumed …
Human And Non-Human Primate Co-Existence In The Neotropics: A Preliminary View Of Some Agricultural Practices As A Complement For Primate Conservation, Alejandro Estrada
Human And Non-Human Primate Co-Existence In The Neotropics: A Preliminary View Of Some Agricultural Practices As A Complement For Primate Conservation, Alejandro Estrada
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
In this paper I address the general perception that agricultural activities are the principal threat to primate biodiversity in the tropics and argue that in Neotropical landscapes some agricultural practices may favor primate population persistence, and that this situation merits attention and investigation. To explore these issues, I examined three interrelated pressures upon tropical forests for the Mesoamerican and Amazon basin regions: human population growth trends, levels of poverty and human development and deforestation rates. I also present relevant results of recent surveys completed on the presence and activities of primate populations in agroecosystems in several landscapes in Mesoamerica. I …
Human Dimensions Of Northern Muriqui Conservation Efforts, Karen B. Strier, Jean P. Boubli, Francisco B. Pontual, Sergio L. Mendes
Human Dimensions Of Northern Muriqui Conservation Efforts, Karen B. Strier, Jean P. Boubli, Francisco B. Pontual, Sergio L. Mendes
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
The northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus) is endemic to Brazil’s Atlantic Forest, and it ranks among the most critically endangered primates in the world. Roughly 25% of the species is found in the 957 ha forest at the Estação Biológica de Caratinga/RPPN-Feliciano Miguel Abdala, in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The long-term research and conservation efforts at this site have received considerable attention, and public awareness and educational campaigns about northern muriquis have been highly effective. Nonetheless, very little about the human dimensions of these efforts have been explicitly described. In this paper, we focus on three distinct, but interconnected dimensions: …
A Preliminary Review Of Neotropical Primates In The Subsistence And Symbolism Of Indigenous Lowland South American Peoples, Loretta Cormier
A Preliminary Review Of Neotropical Primates In The Subsistence And Symbolism Of Indigenous Lowland South American Peoples, Loretta Cormier
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
This article provides a review of selected literature of nonhuman primates in the subsistence and symbolism of indigenous lowland South American groups. While few works have focused specifically on the relationship between human and nonhuman primates in Amazonia and the surrounding areas, a number of ethnographic works do incorporate information about the roles of monkeys in varied groups. The section on subsistence focuses on the use of primates as food, including preferences, avoidances, and taboos. The section on symbolism focuses on the role of monkeys in myths, folklore, and in delineating the humanity/animality divide.
A Preliminary Review Of Neotropical Primates In The Subsistence And Symbolism Of Indigenous Lowland South American Peoples, Loretta Cormier
A Preliminary Review Of Neotropical Primates In The Subsistence And Symbolism Of Indigenous Lowland South American Peoples, Loretta Cormier
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
This article provides a review of selected literature of nonhuman primates in the subsistence and symbolism of indigenous lowland South American groups. While few works have focused specifically on the relationship between human and nonhuman primates in Amazonia and the surrounding areas, a number of ethnographic works do incorporate information about the roles of monkeys in varied groups. The section on subsistence focuses on the use of primates as food, including preferences, avoidances, and taboos. The section on symbolism focuses on the role of monkeys in myths, folklore, and in delineating the humanity/animality divide.
Review Of Conservation: Linking, Ecology, Economics, And Culture By Monique Borgerhoff Mulder And Peter Coppolillo, David Himmelfarb
Review Of Conservation: Linking, Ecology, Economics, And Culture By Monique Borgerhoff Mulder And Peter Coppolillo, David Himmelfarb
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
Guided by their extensive field experience in conservation research and practice, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder and Peter Coppolillo offer an encompassing introduction to some of the most pervasive and incendiary social and biological science debates concerning biodiversity conservation. As environmental conservation initiatives have expanded throughout the globe in recent decades, scholars primarily from the social sciences have begun to critically examine the often fraught social dynamics of such conservation. This body of work has ignited a series of fierce debates among those with a concern for local peoples who have found themselves marginalized by conservation, those with a concern for rapidly …
A Message From The Editors, The Editors
A Message From The Editors, The Editors
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
The complex nature of ecological and environmental problems requires a multi-faceted approach to their understanding and solution. Ecological and environmental anthropology sounds interdisciplinary, but what exactly does that mean? And how does that differ from multidisciplinary? Numerous articles over the past 30 or so years have talked about this type of research and some researchers have braved the unknown to produce high-quality, interesting, and useful work. However, for various institutional reasons, true integration of methods and theories across disciplines remains difficult to achieve.
Review Of Last Child In The Woods: Saving Our Children From Nature Deficit Disorder By Richard Louv, Colleen Marie O'Brien
Review Of Last Child In The Woods: Saving Our Children From Nature Deficit Disorder By Richard Louv, Colleen Marie O'Brien
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
Like many other children growing up in the suburban United States during the 1970s, my childhood memories include swinging from tree limbs, tromping through the woods, and constructing tree forts in the far stretches of our neighborhood. But what happens when an entire generation of children grows up without such memories? Richard Louv, a New York Times journalist and founder of Connect for Kids, an internet-based child advocacy organization, explores this question in Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children From Nature Deficit Disorder. According to Louv, children today are more adept at naming cartoon characters than native …
The Importance Of Integrative Anthropology: A Preliminary Investigation Employing Primatological And Cultural Anthropological Data Collectionmethods In Assessing Human-Monkey Co-Existence In Bali, Indonesia, James E. Loudon, Michaela E. Howells, Agustin Fuentes
The Importance Of Integrative Anthropology: A Preliminary Investigation Employing Primatological And Cultural Anthropological Data Collectionmethods In Assessing Human-Monkey Co-Existence In Bali, Indonesia, James E. Loudon, Michaela E. Howells, Agustin Fuentes
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
This study investigates the interplay between humans (Homo sapiens) and long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) living in sympatric associations at 11 Hindu temple sites on the island of Bali, Indonesia. Primatological methods were utilized to examine demography, habitat type, and record long-tailed macaque feeding, and ranging behavior. Additionally, interviews and questionnaires were conducted to ascertain Balinese individuals’ perspectives regarding the macaques, local folklores surrounding the macaques, the perceived level of human-macaque overlap, and the degree of crop raiding by the macaques. Ethnographic methods revealed that attitudes toward long-tailed macaques vary, suggesting that human perceptions are determined by religious/local folklores and potential …
Roads Diverging In Yellow Woods: New Paths For Ecological And Environmental Anthropology, Sarah Hitchner
Roads Diverging In Yellow Woods: New Paths For Ecological And Environmental Anthropology, Sarah Hitchner
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
Anthropology is at a crossroads; perhaps it always has been. Because it is such a broad discipline, there has always been debate among anthropologists over its role inside and outside of academia. There are often tensions between the paradigms of theory and practice, modernism and postmodernism, constructionism and deconstructionism, scaling up and scaling down, and many other seeming dichotomies that really contain many shades of gray. Anthropology has been called “the most humanistic of the sciences, and the most scientific of the humanities.” We anthropologists should take this phrase as a compliment, and each strive to find our own niche …
Review Of Ethnobotany And Conservation Of Biocultural Diversity (Advances In Economic Botany, V. 15) By Thomas J.S. Carlson And Luisa Maffi, Jen Shaffer
Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)
A growing recognition of humans as intrinsic parts of ecosystems implies that consideration of human activities and needs is as essential to successful conservation planning, as consideration of other species. Carlson and Maffi organize this volume of papers, given at the Sixteenth International Botanical Congress in 1999, into three sections. Part one focuses on indigenous knowledge and the creation/conservation of biodiversity in the Amazon Basin. Part two examines knowledge and sustainable use of plant resources in the Amazon Basin, sub-Saharan Africa, and Northern Vietnam. The book finishes with a section concerning ethical issues surrounding ethnobiological research and its dissemination – …