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Providing Healthcare And Fitness To Drive Assessments For Long-Haul Truck Drivers: A Qualitative Study Of Family Physicians And Nurse Practitioners, Jennifer K. Johnson, Amanda L. Terry, Evelyn Vingilis
Providing Healthcare And Fitness To Drive Assessments For Long-Haul Truck Drivers: A Qualitative Study Of Family Physicians And Nurse Practitioners, Jennifer K. Johnson, Amanda L. Terry, Evelyn Vingilis
Paediatrics Publications
Introduction: Long-haul truck drivers are exposed to many workplace stressors that put them at greater health risk than the general population. Transport truck driving is currently the most common occupation for men in Canada and among the top most common occupations for men in the US, the United Kingdom and Australia. Literature to date suggests long-haul truck drivers have poor access to health care including primary care. Primary care reduces health inequity and has significant impact on the health of both individuals and populations. How primary care practitioners provide this important resource to their long-haul truck driver patients has not …
Transient Vs Permanent Congenital Hypothyroidism In Ontario, Canada: Predictive Factors And Scoring System, Alexa Marr, Nicole Yokubynas, Ken Tang, David Saleh, Diane K. Wherrett, Robert Stein, Ereny Bassilious, Pranesh Chakraborty, Sarah E. Lawrence
Transient Vs Permanent Congenital Hypothyroidism In Ontario, Canada: Predictive Factors And Scoring System, Alexa Marr, Nicole Yokubynas, Ken Tang, David Saleh, Diane K. Wherrett, Robert Stein, Ereny Bassilious, Pranesh Chakraborty, Sarah E. Lawrence
Paediatrics Publications
Context: The apparent increased incidence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is partly due to increased detection of transient disease. Objective: This work aims to identify predictors of transient CH (T-CH) and establish a predictive tool for its earlier differentiation from permanent CH (P-CH). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of patients diagnosed with CH from 2006 to 2015 through Newborn Screening Ontario (NSO). Results: Of 469 cases, 360 (76.8%) were diagnosed with P-CH vs 109 (23.2%) with T-CH. Doses of levothyroxine predicting T-CH were less than 3.9 μg/kg at age 6 months, less than 3.0 μg/kg at ages 1 and …
Barriers And Facilitators To Implementation Of A Preschool Outcome Measure: An Interview Study With Speech-Language Pathologists, Elaine Yl Kwok, Sheila Tf Moodie, Barbara Jane Cunningham, Janis Oram Cardy
Barriers And Facilitators To Implementation Of A Preschool Outcome Measure: An Interview Study With Speech-Language Pathologists, Elaine Yl Kwok, Sheila Tf Moodie, Barbara Jane Cunningham, Janis Oram Cardy
Paediatrics Publications
Introduction: The Preschool Speech and Language Program in Ontario, Canada implemented the Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six (FOCUS), an outcome measure, in 2012. This study aimed to investigate commonly experienced facilitators of and barriers to implementing the FOCUS in clinical practice from the perspectives of speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Methods: Thirty-seven SLPs participated in semi-structured interviews to share their experiences adopting the FOCUS in clinical practice. A deductive content analysis of interview transcripts was conducted using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), followed by an inductive analysis to identify sub-themes within each domain. Results: SLPs frequently encountered barriers within …
Osteoporotic Fractures And Vertebral Body Reshaping In Children With Glucocorticoid-Treated Rheumatic Disorders, Leanne M. Ward, Jinhui Ma, Marie Eve Robinson, Maya Scharke, Josephine Ho, Kristin Houghton, Adam Huber, Rosie Scuccimarri, Julie Barsalou, Johannes Roth, Nazih Shenouda, Mary Ann Matzinger, Brian Lentle, Jacob L. Jaremko, Khaldoun Koujok, Karen Watanabe Duffy, Robert Stein, Anne Marie Sbrocchi, Celia Rodd, Paivi M. Miettunen, Claire M.A. Leblanc, Maggie Larche, Roman Jurencak, Elizabeth A. Cummings, Robert Couch, David A. Cabral
Osteoporotic Fractures And Vertebral Body Reshaping In Children With Glucocorticoid-Treated Rheumatic Disorders, Leanne M. Ward, Jinhui Ma, Marie Eve Robinson, Maya Scharke, Josephine Ho, Kristin Houghton, Adam Huber, Rosie Scuccimarri, Julie Barsalou, Johannes Roth, Nazih Shenouda, Mary Ann Matzinger, Brian Lentle, Jacob L. Jaremko, Khaldoun Koujok, Karen Watanabe Duffy, Robert Stein, Anne Marie Sbrocchi, Celia Rodd, Paivi M. Miettunen, Claire M.A. Leblanc, Maggie Larche, Roman Jurencak, Elizabeth A. Cummings, Robert Couch, David A. Cabral
Paediatrics Publications
Context: Osteoporotic fractures are an important cause of morbidity in children with glucocorticoid-treated rheumatic disorders. Objective: This work aims to evaluate the incidence and predictors of osteoporotic fractures and potential for recovery over six years following glucocorticoid (GC) initiation in children with rheumatic disorders. Methods: Children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders were evaluated through a prospective inception cohort study led by the Canadian STeroid-induced Osteoporosis in the Pediatric Population (STOPP) Consortium. Clinical outcomes included lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD), vertebral fractures (VF), non-VF, and vertebral body reshaping. Results: A total of 136 children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders were enrolled …
Disentangling Language Status And Country-Of-Origin Explanations Of The Bilingual Advantage In Preschoolers, Isu Cho, Jewan Park, Hyun Joo Song, J. Bruce Morton
Disentangling Language Status And Country-Of-Origin Explanations Of The Bilingual Advantage In Preschoolers, Isu Cho, Jewan Park, Hyun Joo Song, J. Bruce Morton
Paediatrics Publications
Bilingual preschoolers from East Asia outperform monolingual preschoolers from North America or Europe in executive functioning tasks, which has been interpreted as evidence of a bilingual advantage in executive functioning. This study tested whether these differences actually reflect country-of-origin effects given that East Asian preschoolers frequently outperform North American or European children in executive functioning tasks. Consistent with previous findings, Korean–English bilingual preschoolers made fewer errors in an age-appropriate executive functioning task than did English monolingual children in Canada. However, Korean–English bilingual preschoolers performed comparably to Korean monolingual preschoolers in Korea. Differences between Korean and Canadian children's executive functioning were …
Complication Rates After Endometrial Ablation In Ontario: A Cohort Analysis Of 76 446 Patients, Sara Ilnitsky, Andrew Mcclure, George Vilos, Angelos Vilos, Basim Aburafea, Christopher Vinden, Jacob Mcgee
Complication Rates After Endometrial Ablation In Ontario: A Cohort Analysis Of 76 446 Patients, Sara Ilnitsky, Andrew Mcclure, George Vilos, Angelos Vilos, Basim Aburafea, Christopher Vinden, Jacob Mcgee
Paediatrics Publications
Study Objectives: Endometrial ablation (EA) is an alternative to hysterectomy for the management of heavy menstrual bleeding; however, EA is not without risk. Our objective was to determine complication rates in women undergoing EA in the province of Ontario over a 15-year time period. The primary outcome was a composite of multiple complications within 30 to 180 days of surgery. The secondary outcomes included mortality, length of hospital stay, hospital readmission, and emergency department visit within 30 days of discharge. Design: Retrospective cohort study using Cochran-Armitage test for trend. Setting: Administrative data from the Canadian province of Ontario, assessing patients …
Risk Associated With Valvular Regurgitation During Pregnancy, Birgit Pfaller, Angelo Dave Javier, Jasmine Grewal, Nadia Gabarin, Jack Colman, Marla Kiess, Rachel M. Wald, Mathew Sermer, Samuel C. Siu, Candice K. Silversides
Risk Associated With Valvular Regurgitation During Pregnancy, Birgit Pfaller, Angelo Dave Javier, Jasmine Grewal, Nadia Gabarin, Jack Colman, Marla Kiess, Rachel M. Wald, Mathew Sermer, Samuel C. Siu, Candice K. Silversides
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Pregnancies in women with regurgitant valve lesions are generally considered low risk, but this has not been well studied. Objectives: This study determined the frequency of adverse cardiac events (CEs) in pregnant women with moderate or severe regurgitant valve lesions. Methods: Maternal and fetal outcomes in women with moderate or severe chronic valve regurgitation enrolled in a prospective multicenter study on pregnancy outcomes were examined. Adverse CEs included heart failure, sustained arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, or death. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify determinants of CEs in women at the highest risk. Results: Outcomes of 430 pregnancies …
A New Definition Of Brain Health, Vladimir Hachinski, Abolfazl Avan, Jason Gilliland, Shahram Oveisgharan
A New Definition Of Brain Health, Vladimir Hachinski, Abolfazl Avan, Jason Gilliland, Shahram Oveisgharan
Paediatrics Publications
No abstract provided.
Probiotic Stool Secretory Immunoglobulin A Modulation In Children With Gastroenteritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Stephen B. Freedman, Rachael Horne, Kathene Johnson-Henry, Jianling Xie, Sarah Williamson-Urquhart, Linda Chui, Xiao Li Pang, Bonita Lee, Suzanne Schuh, Yaron Finkelstein, Serge Gouin, Ken J. Farion, Naveen Poonai, Katrina Hurley, David Schnadower, Philip M. Sherman
Probiotic Stool Secretory Immunoglobulin A Modulation In Children With Gastroenteritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Stephen B. Freedman, Rachael Horne, Kathene Johnson-Henry, Jianling Xie, Sarah Williamson-Urquhart, Linda Chui, Xiao Li Pang, Bonita Lee, Suzanne Schuh, Yaron Finkelstein, Serge Gouin, Ken J. Farion, Naveen Poonai, Katrina Hurley, David Schnadower, Philip M. Sherman
Paediatrics Publications
Background: We previously conducted the Probiotic Regimen for Outpatient Gastroenteritis Utility of Treatment (PROGUT) study, which identified no improvements in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) administered a probiotic. However, the aforementioned study did not evaluate immunomodulatory benefits. Objectives: The object of this study was to determine if stool secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentrations in children with AGE increase more among participants administered a Lactobacillus rhamnosus/helveticus probiotic compared with those administered placebo. Methods: This a priori planned multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled ancillary study enrolled children presenting for emergency care who received a 5-d probiotic or placebo course. Participants submitted stool specimens …
Impact Of Obesity On Outcomes Of Pregnancy In Women With Heart Disease, Birgit Pfaller, Samuel C. Siu, Rohan D'Souza, Barbara Wichert-Schmitt, Govind Krishna Kumar Nair, Kim Haberer, Cynthia Maxwell, Candice K. Silversides
Impact Of Obesity On Outcomes Of Pregnancy In Women With Heart Disease, Birgit Pfaller, Samuel C. Siu, Rohan D'Souza, Barbara Wichert-Schmitt, Govind Krishna Kumar Nair, Kim Haberer, Cynthia Maxwell, Candice K. Silversides
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Women with heart disease are at risk for complications during pregnancy. This study sought to examine the effect of maternal obesity on pregnancy complications in women with heart disease. Objectives: The objective was to determine the incidence of adverse cardiac events (CE) in pregnant women with heart disease and obesity. Methods: Adverse CE during pregnancy were examined in a prospective cohort of women with heart disease. CE were a composite of the following: cardiac death/arrest, arrhythmias, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic dissection, and thromboembolic events. Pre-eclampsia and post-partum hemorrhage were also studied. Outcomes were examined according to body …
Paediatric Pharmacotherapy And Drug Regulation: Moving Past The Therapeutic Orphan, Charlotte Moore-Hepburn, Michael Rieder
Paediatric Pharmacotherapy And Drug Regulation: Moving Past The Therapeutic Orphan, Charlotte Moore-Hepburn, Michael Rieder
Paediatrics Publications
The development of specific drug therapy for children was a paradigm-changing event that transformed paediatric medical practice. However, a series of tragedies involving drug treatment for children resulted in a gap developing between drug regulation and practice, with the majority of drugs used in child healthcare being used off-label, rendering children therapeutic orphans. Over the past two decades changes in drug regulation led by the US Food and Drug Administration and followed by the European Union's European Medicines Agency have led to substantial changes in how new drugs with potential use in children are studied and labelled. While these changes …
Habitual Physical Activity Levels And Sedentary Time Of Children In Different Childcare Arrangements From A Nationally Representative Sample Of Canadian Preschoolers, Julie Statler, Piotr Wilk, Brian W. Timmons, Rachel Colley, Patricia Tucker
Habitual Physical Activity Levels And Sedentary Time Of Children In Different Childcare Arrangements From A Nationally Representative Sample Of Canadian Preschoolers, Julie Statler, Piotr Wilk, Brian W. Timmons, Rachel Colley, Patricia Tucker
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Children spend substantial time in childcare, and the reasons parents choose a particular childcare type may differ by family. However, little is known about how childcare type influences habitual (full day) activity levels among children. Therefore, exploring patterns between childcare type and habitual physical activity (PA) (i.e., light, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and total PA) and sedentary time (ST) in young Canadian children is needed. Methods: A nationally representative sample of preschoolers from Cycles 3 and 4 of the Canadian Health Measures Survey was used in this cross-sectional study. Childcare type (e.g., center-based childcare, home-based childcare, home with parent, kindergarten) …
Personal Protective Equipment Availability And Usage Amongst Pediatric Otorhinolaryngologists During The Covid-19 Pandemic: An International Survey, Dong Hyun Kim, Neil K. Chadha, Lily Hp Nguyen, Murad Husein
Personal Protective Equipment Availability And Usage Amongst Pediatric Otorhinolaryngologists During The Covid-19 Pandemic: An International Survey, Dong Hyun Kim, Neil K. Chadha, Lily Hp Nguyen, Murad Husein
Paediatrics Publications
Objectives: To survey a group of global pediatric otolaryngology specialists to assess their usage and access to personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A survey of 13 questions was created collecting information on: basic demographics of practice, types of PPE used for procedures of varying aerosolization risk, access to positive air-purifying respirator (PAPR) and patient testing for SARS-CoV-2. Pediatric otolaryngologists were invited to complete the survey via Whatsapp™. Results: 96 responses were collected from 17 different countries. N95 was the most commonly utilized PPE when dealing with COVID-19 patients (64.2%–81.9% depending on aerosolization risk of the procedure). Significantly …
Impact Of Beta-Blockers On Birth Weight In A High-Risk Cohort Of Pregnant Women With Cvd, Jasmine Grewal, Samuel C. Siu, Terry Lee, Rohan D'Souza, Merav Dvir, Joel Singer, Valerie Rychel, Marla Kiess, Mathew Sermer, Candice K. Silversides
Impact Of Beta-Blockers On Birth Weight In A High-Risk Cohort Of Pregnant Women With Cvd, Jasmine Grewal, Samuel C. Siu, Terry Lee, Rohan D'Souza, Merav Dvir, Joel Singer, Valerie Rychel, Marla Kiess, Mathew Sermer, Candice K. Silversides
Paediatrics Publications
No abstract provided.
Summer Season And Recommended Vitamin D Intake Support Adequate Vitamin D Status Throughout Pregnancy In Healthy Canadian Women And Their Newborns, Maude Perreault, Stephanie A. Atkinson, David Meyre, Gerhard Fusch, Michelle F. Mottola
Summer Season And Recommended Vitamin D Intake Support Adequate Vitamin D Status Throughout Pregnancy In Healthy Canadian Women And Their Newborns, Maude Perreault, Stephanie A. Atkinson, David Meyre, Gerhard Fusch, Michelle F. Mottola
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy is reported as a prevalent public health problem. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate, in pregnant Canadian women, 1) vitamin D intake, 2) maternal and cord serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D] and maternal 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)2D], and 3) factors associated with maternal serum 25(OH)D. Methods: Women (n = 187; mean prepregnancy BMI 24.4 kg/m2, mean age 31 y) recruited to the Be Healthy in Pregnancy study provided fasting blood samples and nutrient intake at 12-17 (early) and 36-38 (late) weeks of gestation, and cord blood. Vitamin D intakes (Nutritionist Pro™) and serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D concentrations (LC-tandem MS) …
Preventing Complications In Pregnant Women With Cardiac Disease, Birgit Pfaller, Gnalini Sathananthan, Jasmine Grewal, Jennifer Mason, Rohan D'Souza, Danna Spears, Marla Kiess, Samuel C. Siu, Candice K. Silversides
Preventing Complications In Pregnant Women With Cardiac Disease, Birgit Pfaller, Gnalini Sathananthan, Jasmine Grewal, Jennifer Mason, Rohan D'Souza, Danna Spears, Marla Kiess, Samuel C. Siu, Candice K. Silversides
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Pregnancy can lead to complications in women with heart disease, and these complications can be life threatening. Understanding serious complications and how they can be prevented is important. Objectives: The primary objectives were to determine the incidence of serious cardiac events (SCEs) in pregnant women with heart disease, whether they were preventable, and their impact on fetal and neonatal outcomes. Serious obstetric events were also examined. Methods: A prospectively assembled cohort of 1,315 pregnancies in women with heart disease was studied. SCEs included cardiac death or arrest, ventricular arrhythmias, congestive heart failure or arrhythmias requiring admission to an intensive …
Toward A Complete Taxonomy Of Resting State Networks Across Wakefulness And Sleep: An Assessment Of Spatially Distinct Resting State Networks Using Independent Component Analysis, Evan Houldin, Zhuo Fang, Laura B. Ray, Adrian M. Owen, Stuart M. Fogel
Toward A Complete Taxonomy Of Resting State Networks Across Wakefulness And Sleep: An Assessment Of Spatially Distinct Resting State Networks Using Independent Component Analysis, Evan Houldin, Zhuo Fang, Laura B. Ray, Adrian M. Owen, Stuart M. Fogel
BrainsCAN Publications
© Sleep Research Society 2018. Resting state network (RSN) functional connectivity (FC) has been investigated under a wealth of different healthy and compromised conditions. Such investigations are often dependent on the defined spatial boundaries and nodes of so-called canonical RSNs, themselves the product of extensive deliberations over distinctions between functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) noise and neural signal, specifically in the context of the healthy waking state. However, a similar unbiased cataloging of noise and networks remains to be done in other states, particularly sleep, a healthy alternate mode of the brain that supports distinct operations from wakefulness, such as …
Environmental Temperature Effects On Adipose Tissue Growth In A Hibernator, Amanda D.V. Maccannell, Kevin J. Sinclair, Charles A. Mckenzie, James F. Staples
Environmental Temperature Effects On Adipose Tissue Growth In A Hibernator, Amanda D.V. Maccannell, Kevin J. Sinclair, Charles A. Mckenzie, James F. Staples
Paediatrics Publications
Obligate hibernators express circannual patterns of body mass and hibernation, which persist under constant laboratory conditions. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is important for thermogenesis during arousals from hibernation, whereas white adipose tissue (WAT) serves as energy storage and thermal insulation. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of environmental temperature on BAT and WAT. We hypothesized that changes to environmental temperature would not influence the pattern of mass gain or BAT and WAT volume in the thirteen-lined ground squirrel (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus). To test this, we housed animals at thermoneutral 25°C (warm-housed) or 5°C (cold-housed), with the same …
Assessment Of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (Aitcs): Further Testing And Instrument Revision., Carole Orchard, Linda L Pederson, Emily Read, Cornelia Mahler, Heather Laschinger
Assessment Of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (Aitcs): Further Testing And Instrument Revision., Carole Orchard, Linda L Pederson, Emily Read, Cornelia Mahler, Heather Laschinger
Nursing Publications
INTRODUCTION: The need to be able to assess collaborative practice in health care teams has been recognized in response to the direction for team-based care in a number of policy documents. The purpose of this study is to report on further refinement of such a measurement instrument, the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS) first published in 2012. To support this refinement, two objectives were set: Objective 1: to determine whether the items from the data collected in 2016 load on the same factors as found for the 2012 version of the 37-item AITCS. Objective 2: to determine whether …
Pregnancy Outcomes In Women With Heart Disease: The Carpreg Ii Study, Candice K. Silversides, Jasmine Grewal, Jennifer Mason, Mathew Sermer, Marla Kiess, Valerie Rychel, Rachel M. Wald, Jack M. Colman, Samuel C. Siu
Pregnancy Outcomes In Women With Heart Disease: The Carpreg Ii Study, Candice K. Silversides, Jasmine Grewal, Jennifer Mason, Mathew Sermer, Marla Kiess, Valerie Rychel, Rachel M. Wald, Jack M. Colman, Samuel C. Siu
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Identifying women at high risk is an important aspect of care for women with heart disease. Objectives: This study sought to: 1) examine cardiac complications during pregnancy and their temporal trends; and 2) derive a risk stratification index. Methods: We prospectively enrolled consecutive pregnant women with heart disease and determined their cardiac outcomes during pregnancy. Temporal trends in complications were examined. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of cardiac complications and these were incorporated into a new risk index. Results: In total, 1,938 pregnancies were included. Cardiac complications occurred in 16% of pregnancies and were primarily related …
Does Sleep Facilitate The Consolidation Of Allocentric Or Egocentric Representations Of Implicitly Learned Visual-Motor Sequence Learning?, Jeremy Viczko, Valya Sergeeva, Laura B. Ray, Adrian M. Owen, Stuart M. Fogel
Does Sleep Facilitate The Consolidation Of Allocentric Or Egocentric Representations Of Implicitly Learned Visual-Motor Sequence Learning?, Jeremy Viczko, Valya Sergeeva, Laura B. Ray, Adrian M. Owen, Stuart M. Fogel
BrainsCAN Publications
# 2018 Viczko et al. Sleep facilitates the consolidation (i.e., enhancement) of simple, explicit (i.e., conscious) motor sequence learning (MSL). MSL can be dissociated into egocentric (i.e., motor) or allocentric (i.e., spatial) frames of reference. The consolidation of the allocentric memory representation is sleep-dependent, whereas the egocentric consolidation process is independent of sleep or wake for explicit MSL. However, it remains unclear the extent to which sleep contributes to the consolidation of implicit (i.e., unconscious) MSL, nor is it known what aspects of the memory representation (egocentric, allocentric) are consolidated by sleep. Here, we investigated the extent to which sleep …
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation In A Child With Traumatic Ventricular Septal Defect, Jennifer Y. Lam, David J. Patton, Meagan E. Mahoney, Steven R. Lopushinsky
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation In A Child With Traumatic Ventricular Septal Defect, Jennifer Y. Lam, David J. Patton, Meagan E. Mahoney, Steven R. Lopushinsky
Paediatrics Publications
Traumatic ventricular septal defect is an uncommon event following blunt thoracic trauma. Within the pediatric trauma literature, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is most commonly used for secondary acute respiratory distress syndrome. We present the first account of rescue extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to allow for safe transport and access to definitive operative repair in the setting of blunt cardiac injury.
Rm 9 Dataset, J. Ching, K. H. Li, K. K. Phoon, M. C. Weng
Rm 9 Dataset, J. Ching, K. H. Li, K. K. Phoon, M. C. Weng
Datasets
No abstract provided.
Single-Session Communication With A Locked-In Patient By Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Androu Abdalmalak, Daniel Milej, Loretta Norton, Derek B. Debicki, Teneille Gofton, Mamadou Diop, Adrian M. Owen, Keith St Lawrence
Single-Session Communication With A Locked-In Patient By Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Androu Abdalmalak, Daniel Milej, Loretta Norton, Derek B. Debicki, Teneille Gofton, Mamadou Diop, Adrian M. Owen, Keith St Lawrence
BrainsCAN Publications
© 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). There is a growing interest in the possibility of using functional neuroimaging techniques to aid in detecting covert awareness in patients who are thought to be suffering from a disorder of consciousness. Immerging optical techniques such as time-resolved functional near-infrared spectroscopy (TR-fNIRS) are ideal for such applications due to their low-cost, portability, and enhanced sensitivity to brain activity. The aim of this case study was to investigate for the first time the ability of TR-fNIRS to detect command driven motor imagery (MI) activity in a functionally locked-in patient suffering from Guillain-Barré syndrome. …
Can Time-Resolved Nirs Provide The Sensitivity To Detect Brain Activity During Motor Imagery Consistently?, Androu Abdalmalak, Daniel Milej, Mamadou Diop, Mahsa Shokouhi, Lorina Naci, Adrian M. Owen, Keith St. Lawrence
Can Time-Resolved Nirs Provide The Sensitivity To Detect Brain Activity During Motor Imagery Consistently?, Androu Abdalmalak, Daniel Milej, Mamadou Diop, Mahsa Shokouhi, Lorina Naci, Adrian M. Owen, Keith St. Lawrence
BrainsCAN Publications
© 2017 Optical Society of America. Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown that a subgroup of patients diagnosed as being in a vegetative state are aware and able to communicate by performing a motor imagery task in response to commands. Due to the fMRI’s cost and accessibility, there is a need for exploring different imaging modalities that can be used at the bedside. A promising technique is functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) that has been successfully applied to measure brain oxygenation in humans. Due to the limited depth sensitivity of continuous-wave NIRS, time-resolved (TR) detection has been …
Effect Of Physical Activity And/Or Healthy Eating Ongdm Risk: The Dali Lifestyle Study, David Simmons, Roland Devlieger, Andre Van Assche, Goele Jans, Sander Galjaard, Rosa Corcoy, Juan M. Adelantado, Fidelma Dunne
Effect Of Physical Activity And/Or Healthy Eating Ongdm Risk: The Dali Lifestyle Study, David Simmons, Roland Devlieger, Andre Van Assche, Goele Jans, Sander Galjaard, Rosa Corcoy, Juan M. Adelantado, Fidelma Dunne
Paediatrics Publications
Context: Lifestyle approaches for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have produced mixed results. Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of 3 lifestyle interventions [healthy eating (HE), physical activity (PA), and both HE and PA (HE+PA)] with usual care (UC) in reducing GDM risk. Design: The present study was a multicenter randomized controlled trial conducted from 2012 to 2014 [the DALI (Vitamin D and lifestyle intervention for GDM prevention) lifestyle study]. Setting: The study occurred at antenatal clinics across 11 centers in 9 European countries. Patients: Consecutive pregnant women at ,20 weeks of gestation with …
A Method For Independent Component Graph Analysis Of Resting-State Fmri, Demetrius Ribeiro De Paula, Erik Ziegler, Pubuditha M. Abeyasinghe, Tushar K. Das, Carlo Cavaliere, Marco Aiello, Lizette Heine, Carol Di Perri, Athena Demertzi, Quentin Noirhomme, Vanessa Charland-Verville, Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse, Johan Stender, Francisco Gomez, Jean Flory L. Tshibanda, Steven Laureys, Adrian M. Owen, Andrea Soddu
A Method For Independent Component Graph Analysis Of Resting-State Fmri, Demetrius Ribeiro De Paula, Erik Ziegler, Pubuditha M. Abeyasinghe, Tushar K. Das, Carlo Cavaliere, Marco Aiello, Lizette Heine, Carol Di Perri, Athena Demertzi, Quentin Noirhomme, Vanessa Charland-Verville, Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse, Johan Stender, Francisco Gomez, Jean Flory L. Tshibanda, Steven Laureys, Adrian M. Owen, Andrea Soddu
BrainsCAN Publications
© 2017 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Introduction: Independent component analysis (ICA) has been extensively used for reducing task-free BOLD fMRI recordings into spatial maps and their associated time-courses. The spatially identified independent components can be considered as intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs) of non-contiguous regions. To date, the spatial patterns of the networks have been analyzed with techniques developed for volumetric data. Objective: Here, we detail a graph building technique that allows these ICNs to be analyzed with graph theory. Methods: First, ICA was performed at the single-subject level in 15 healthy volunteers using a …
Mapping Preserved Real-World Cognition In Severely Brain-Injured Patients, Leah Sinai, Adrian M. Owen, Lorina Naci
Mapping Preserved Real-World Cognition In Severely Brain-Injured Patients, Leah Sinai, Adrian M. Owen, Lorina Naci
BrainsCAN Publications
Decoding the contents of consciousness from brain activity is one of most challenging frontiers of cognitive neuroscience. The ability to interpret mental content without recourse to behavior is most relevant for understanding patients who may be demonstrably conscious, but entirely unable to speak or move willfully in any way, precluding any systematic investigation of their conscious experience. Until recently, patient studies have used structured instructions to elicit willful modulation of brain activity according to command. Recent work has used a different approach, where the similarity of any given patient's brain activity to that of healthy controls during naturalistic paradigms can …
Covert Narrative Capacity: Mental Life In Patients Thought To Lack Consciousness, Lorina Naci, Mackenzie Graham, Adrian M. Owen, Charles Weijer
Covert Narrative Capacity: Mental Life In Patients Thought To Lack Consciousness, Lorina Naci, Mackenzie Graham, Adrian M. Owen, Charles Weijer
BrainsCAN Publications
© 2016 The Authors. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc on behalf of American Neurological Association. Despite the apparent absence of external signs of consciousness, a significant proportion of behaviorally nonresponsive patients can respond to commands by willfully modulating their brain activity. However, little is known about the mental life of these patients. We discuss a recent innovative approach, which sheds light on the preserved cognitive capacities of these patients, including executive function, theory of mind, and the experience of affective states. This research represents a fundamental shift in our understanding of these patients, and …
Sleep Spindles And Intellectual Ability: Epiphenomenon Or Directly Related?, Zhuo Fang, Valya Sergeeva, Laura B. Ray, Jeremy Viczko, Adrian M. Owen, Stuart M. Fogel
Sleep Spindles And Intellectual Ability: Epiphenomenon Or Directly Related?, Zhuo Fang, Valya Sergeeva, Laura B. Ray, Jeremy Viczko, Adrian M. Owen, Stuart M. Fogel
BrainsCAN Publications
© 2016 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Sleep spindles—short, phasic, oscillatory bursts of activity that characterize non-rapid eye movement sleep—are one of the only electrophysiological oscillations identified as a biological marker of human intelligence (e.g., cognitive abilities commonly assessed using intelligence quotient tests). However, spindles are also important for sleep maintenance and are modulated by circadian factors. Thus, the possibility remains that the relationship between spindles and intelligence quotient may be an epiphenomenon of a putative relationship between good quality sleep and cognitive ability or perhaps modulated by circadian factors such as morningness-eveningness tendencies. We sought to ascertain whether spindles are …