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Articles 1 - 30 of 48
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Sea Star Wasting Disease In Asterias Forbesi Along The Atlantic Coast Of North America, Caitlin Bucci, Madison Francoeur, Jillon Mcgreal, Roxanna Smolowitz, Vanesa Zazueta-Novoa, Gary M. Wessel, Marta Gomez-Chiarri
Sea Star Wasting Disease In Asterias Forbesi Along The Atlantic Coast Of North America, Caitlin Bucci, Madison Francoeur, Jillon Mcgreal, Roxanna Smolowitz, Vanesa Zazueta-Novoa, Gary M. Wessel, Marta Gomez-Chiarri
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
As keystone species, sea stars serve to maintain biodiversity and species distribution through trophic level interactions in marine ecosystems. Recently, Sea Star Wasting Disease (SSWD) has caused widespread mass mortality in several sea star species from the Pacific Coast of the United States of America (USA) and Asterias forbesi on the Atlantic Coast. A densovirus, named Sea Star associated Densovirus (SSaDV), has been associated with the wasting disease in Pacific Coast sea stars, and limited samples of A. forbesi. The goal of this research is to examine the pathogenesis of SSWD in A. forbesi on the Atlantic Coast of the …
Challenges To Conducting Adolescent Hiv Prevention Services Research With Court-Involved Youth, Marina Tolou-Shams, Anna Harrison, Selby M. Conrad, Sarah Johnson, Larry K. Brown
Challenges To Conducting Adolescent Hiv Prevention Services Research With Court-Involved Youth, Marina Tolou-Shams, Anna Harrison, Selby M. Conrad, Sarah Johnson, Larry K. Brown
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Multiple assessment studies demonstrate that juvenile offenders are at increased risk for contracting HIV and other STIs relative to their non-offending counterparts. Such data are used to support the implementation of adolescent HIV prevention interventions within the juvenile justice system. Despite the compelling data related to high rates of unprotected sexual activity, pregnancy, STIs, substance use and psychiatric symptoms, there are very few empirically supported HIV prevention interventions for this adolescent subgroup. Using our experience conducting HIV prevention research studies with court-involved, non-incarcerated (CINI) youth we identify salient and unique challenges to consider when conducting HIV prevention intervention research with …
Utility Of The Static-99 And Static-99r With Latino Sex Offenders, Alejandro Leguízamo, Seung C. Lee, Elizabeth L. Jeglic, Cynthia Calkins
Utility Of The Static-99 And Static-99r With Latino Sex Offenders, Alejandro Leguízamo, Seung C. Lee, Elizabeth L. Jeglic, Cynthia Calkins
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
The predictive validity of the Static-99 measures with ethnic minorities in the United States has only recently been assessed with mixed results. We assessed the predictive validity of the Static-99 and Static-99R with a sample of Latino sex offenders (N = 483) as well as with two subsamples (U.S.-born, including Puerto Rico, and non-U.S.-born). The overall sexual recidivism rate was very low (1.9%). Both the Static-99 measures were able to predict sexual recidivism for offenders born in the United States and Puerto Rico, but neither was effective in doing so for other Latino immigrants. Calibration analyses (N = 303) of …
Erratum To: Sexual Function In Men With Traumatic Brain Injury (Sexuality And Disability, (2017), 35, 4, (461-470), 10.1007/S11195-017-9493-9), Jenna Strizzi, Laiene Olabarrieta-Landa, Silvia Leonor Olivera, Ricardo Valdivia Tangarife, Ivan Andrés Soto Rodríguez, Inmaculada Fernández Agis, Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla
Erratum To: Sexual Function In Men With Traumatic Brain Injury (Sexuality And Disability, (2017), 35, 4, (461-470), 10.1007/S11195-017-9493-9), Jenna Strizzi, Laiene Olabarrieta-Landa, Silvia Leonor Olivera, Ricardo Valdivia Tangarife, Ivan Andrés Soto Rodríguez, Inmaculada Fernández Agis, Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in the co-author names. The given and family name of the authors were erroneously swapped; it should be Ricardo Valdivia Tangarife and Ivan Andrés Soto Rodríguez. The original version of the article has been corrected.
Sexual Function In Men With Traumatic Brain Injury, Jenna Strizzi, Laiene Olabarrieta-Landa, Silvia Leonor Olivera, Ricardo Valdivia Tangarife, Ivan Andrés Soto Rodríguez, Inmaculada Fernández Agis, Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla
Sexual Function In Men With Traumatic Brain Injury, Jenna Strizzi, Laiene Olabarrieta-Landa, Silvia Leonor Olivera, Ricardo Valdivia Tangarife, Ivan Andrés Soto Rodríguez, Inmaculada Fernández Agis, Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Traumatic brain injury has been linked with higher incidence of sexual problems. As there have been few published reports regarding sexual functioning in men with traumatic brain injury in Latin America, this study sought to compare sexual measures in men with traumatic brain injury with healthy controls. The hypotheses that males with TBI would experience significantly lower indices of sexual functioning compared to unaffected individuals and that increased age and injury severity would predict lower sexual functioning among participants with TBI were tested. Seventy-one Spanish-speaking Colombian men with a history of moderate to severe TBI who were at least 6 …
Seasonal Shifts In Bacterial Community Responses To Phytoplankton-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter In The Western Antarctic Peninsula, Catherine M. Luria, Linda A. Amaral-Zettler, Hugh W. Ducklow, Daniel J. Repeta, Andrew L. Rhyne, Jeremy J. Rich
Seasonal Shifts In Bacterial Community Responses To Phytoplankton-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter In The Western Antarctic Peninsula, Catherine M. Luria, Linda A. Amaral-Zettler, Hugh W. Ducklow, Daniel J. Repeta, Andrew L. Rhyne, Jeremy J. Rich
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Bacterial consumption of dissolved organic matter (DOM) drives much of the movement of carbon through the oceanic food web and the global carbon cycle. Understanding complex interactions between bacteria and marine DOM remains an important challenge. We tested the hypothesis that bacterial growth and community succession would respond differently to DOM additions due to seasonal changes in phytoplankton abundance in the environment. Four mesocosm experiments were conducted that spanned the spring transitional period (August-December 2013) in surface waters of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP). Each mesocosm consisted of nearshore surface seawater (50 L) incubated in the laboratory for 10 days. …
Change In Police Organizations: Perceptions, Experiences, And The Failure To Launch, Joseph A. Schafer, Sean P. Varano
Change In Police Organizations: Perceptions, Experiences, And The Failure To Launch, Joseph A. Schafer, Sean P. Varano
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Studies and accounts of change in police organizations frequently emphasize case studies of specific efforts enacted during relatively discrete periods of time in one or a few agencies. The narratives often emphasize the success of change efforts or seek to explain why initiatives failed in the case study agency. While instructive, such accounts do not provide broader insights into successes and failures with change across longer periods of time, differing types of change, and diverse organizational contexts. Using survey data from mid-career police supervisors attending the FBI National Academy program, this study considers change experiences. In particular, consideration is given …
Proactive Modeling Of Water Quality Impacts Of Extreme Precipitation Events In A Drinking Water Reservoir, Lillian C. Jeznach, Mark Hagemann, Mi Hyun Park, John E. Tobiason
Proactive Modeling Of Water Quality Impacts Of Extreme Precipitation Events In A Drinking Water Reservoir, Lillian C. Jeznach, Mark Hagemann, Mi Hyun Park, John E. Tobiason
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Extreme precipitation events are of concern to managers of drinking water sources because these occurrences can affect both water supply quantity and quality. However, little is known about how these low probability events impact organic matter and nutrient loads to surface water sources and how these loads may impact raw water quality. This study describes a method for evaluating the sensitivity of a water body of interest from watershed input simulations under extreme precipitation events. An example application of the method is illustrated using the Wachusett Reservoir, an oligo-mesotrophic surface water reservoir in central Massachusetts and a major drinking water …
Real-Time Pcr Assay For Aquimarina Macrocephali Subsp. Homaria And Its Distribution In Shell Disease Lesions Of Homarus Americanus, Milne-Edwards, 1837, And Environmental Samples, Robert A. Quinn, Suchandra Hazra, Roxanna Smolowitz, Andrei Y. Chistoserdov
Real-Time Pcr Assay For Aquimarina Macrocephali Subsp. Homaria And Its Distribution In Shell Disease Lesions Of Homarus Americanus, Milne-Edwards, 1837, And Environmental Samples, Robert A. Quinn, Suchandra Hazra, Roxanna Smolowitz, Andrei Y. Chistoserdov
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Epizootic shell disease (ESD) is causing major losses to the lobster fishery in southern New England. Potential pathogens have been identified in lesion communities, but there are currently no efficient means of detecting and quantifying their presence. A qPCR assay was developed for a key potential pathogen, Aquimarina macrocephali subsp. homaria found to be ubiquitous in ESD lesions but not the unaffected integument. Application of the assay to various samples demonstrated that A. macrocephali subsp. homaria is ubiquitous and abundant in lobster lesions, commonly associated with healthy surfaces of crabs and is scarce in water and sediment samples from southern …
Mapping Citizen Journalism And The Promise Of Digital Inclusion: A Perspective From The Global South, Paola Prado
Mapping Citizen Journalism And The Promise Of Digital Inclusion: A Perspective From The Global South, Paola Prado
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
This study maps the factors that impact and inform the practice of citizen journalism in the Global South, and asks how individuals in poor and marginalized communities produce contextually relevant news reports. Results obtained from 25 field interviews in the Dominican Republic contribute to the growing literature about practices that complement or contest journalism produced by mainstream news media. The findings suggest that we mind the gap of structural and institutional realities that pose practical challenges to individual agency for citizen journalists who operate in the Global South.
Molecular Assisted Identification Reveals Hidden Red Algae Diversity From The Burica Peninsula, Pacific Panama, David Wilson Freshwater, Jennifer N. Idol, Seth L. Parham, Cindy Fernández-García, Noemi León, Paul W. Gabrielson, Brian Wysor
Molecular Assisted Identification Reveals Hidden Red Algae Diversity From The Burica Peninsula, Pacific Panama, David Wilson Freshwater, Jennifer N. Idol, Seth L. Parham, Cindy Fernández-García, Noemi León, Paul W. Gabrielson, Brian Wysor
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
The marine flora of Panama harbors a rich diversity of green, red and brown algae, and despite chronic understudy, it is reported as the second most diverse marine flora along the Pacific Central American coast, with 174 macroalgal species. Extensive new collections and molecular assisted identification (MAI) by an international team of researchers has revealed an even greater diversity for this country. Here, the intertidal and shallow subtidal marine flora of the remote Burica Peninsula is introduced. This area is characterized by an uplifted extensive intertidal flat composed of firm, sedimentary benthos known as mudrock, on which abundant algal communities …
Provenance Lost? George Washington's Books And Papers Lost, Found, And (On Occasion) Lost Again, Theodore J. Crackel, V. Fredrick Rickey, Joel S. Silverberg
Provenance Lost? George Washington's Books And Papers Lost, Found, And (On Occasion) Lost Again, Theodore J. Crackel, V. Fredrick Rickey, Joel S. Silverberg
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Using Matrix Population Models To Inform Biological Control Management Of The Wheat Stem Sawfly, Cephus Cinctus, Tatyana A. Rand, Courtney E. Richmond, Edward T. Dougherty
Using Matrix Population Models To Inform Biological Control Management Of The Wheat Stem Sawfly, Cephus Cinctus, Tatyana A. Rand, Courtney E. Richmond, Edward T. Dougherty
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Demographic models are a powerful means of identifying vulnerable life stages of pest species and assessing the potential effectiveness of various management approaches in reducing pest population growth and spread. In a biological control context, such models can be used to focus foreign exploration or conservation efforts on enemies that attack life stages identified to have the greatest impact, and determine target levels of predation or parasitism that would be necessary to suppress population growth. In this study, we constructed a matrix population model to assess the potential effectiveness of biological controls against the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus, a …
Behavioral Activation For Smoking Cessation And Mood Management Following A Cardiac Event: Results Of A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Andrew M. Busch, Erin M. Tooley, Shira Dunsiger, Elizabeth A. Chattillion, John Fani Srour, Sherry L. Pagoto, Christopher W. Kahler, Belinda Borrelli
Behavioral Activation For Smoking Cessation And Mood Management Following A Cardiac Event: Results Of A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Andrew M. Busch, Erin M. Tooley, Shira Dunsiger, Elizabeth A. Chattillion, John Fani Srour, Sherry L. Pagoto, Christopher W. Kahler, Belinda Borrelli
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Background: Smoking cessation following hospitalization for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) significantly reduces subsequent mortality. Depressed mood is a major barrier to cessation post-ACS. Although existing counseling treatments address smoking and depression independently in ACS patients, no integrated treatment addresses both. We developed an integrated treatment combining gold standard cessation counseling with behavioral activation-based mood management; Behavioral Activation Treatment for Cardiac Smokers (BAT-CS). The purpose of this pilot randomized controlled trial was to test feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of BAT-CS vs. Standard of Care (SC). Methods: Participants were recruited during hospitalization for ACS and were randomly assigned to BAT-CS or …
Narrating Risk: The Financial Thriller Film During The U.S. Recession, Keith Clavin
Narrating Risk: The Financial Thriller Film During The U.S. Recession, Keith Clavin
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
The following article examines contemporary cinema’s narrative responses to the 2007 credit crisis and subsequent recession in the United States. The analysis focuses upon Margin Call (2011) and Cosmopolis (2012), two films that draw from the genre commonly referred to as ‘the thriller’. Both films are fictional and exhibit the interplay between systemic risk, the revision of historical conventions of the thriller, and financial crisis. Specifically, the narratives build their central dramatic tensions around representations of the persistent challenge to locate, quarantine, and coordinate networked responses against systemic risk, a challenge which comes to symbolise the fundamental struggle of a …
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism As A Continuous Trait: Variability In The Contribution Of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (Cam) In Populations Of Portulacaria Afra, Lonnie J. Guralnick, Kate Gladsky
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism As A Continuous Trait: Variability In The Contribution Of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (Cam) In Populations Of Portulacaria Afra, Lonnie J. Guralnick, Kate Gladsky
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Portulacaria afra L. is a dominant facultative CAM species growing in the Southeastern Cape of South Africa. P. afra is well adapted to regions of the Spekboom thicket in areas of limited and sporadic rainfall. P. afra populations occur in isolated drainages. We hypothesized the utilization of CAM would vary in the different populations in response to rainfall and temperature gradients. Carbon isotope composition can be used to determine the contribution of CAM in leaf tissue. P. afra leaves of populations were analyzed in transects running south to north and east to west in locations from the coast to elevations …
Nematocyst Distribution Corresponds To Prey Capture Location In Hydromedusae With Different Predation Modes, Marco Corrales-Ugalde, Sean P. Colin, Kelly R. Sutherland
Nematocyst Distribution Corresponds To Prey Capture Location In Hydromedusae With Different Predation Modes, Marco Corrales-Ugalde, Sean P. Colin, Kelly R. Sutherland
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Understanding the factors that control predation in pelagic communities can inform predictions of community structure in marine ecosystems. Ubiquitous and selective predators such as cnidarian hydromedusae rely on their nematocysts to capture and retain prey but it is not clear how the density and spatial distribution of these cells relate to predation mode. We examined the relationship between prey capture and nematocyst distribution in the tentacles of Aglantha digitale and Proboscidactyla flavicirrata, which are considered ambush predators, and Clytia gregaria and Mitrocoma cellularia, which are considered feeding-current predators. First, we analyzed video of predator-prey interactions to compare capture locations of …
Marine Aquarium Trade In India: Challenges And Opportunities For Conservation And Policy, Sanjeevi Prakash, Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith Kumar, Rajeev Raghavan, Andrew Rhyne, Michael F. Tlusty, Thanumalaya Subramoniam
Marine Aquarium Trade In India: Challenges And Opportunities For Conservation And Policy, Sanjeevi Prakash, Thipramalai Thangappan Ajith Kumar, Rajeev Raghavan, Andrew Rhyne, Michael F. Tlusty, Thanumalaya Subramoniam
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
The collection of marine taxa for the aquarium trade continues to demand live animals be extracted from reefs, but in doing so, offers economic benefits for local communities. To improve our understanding of the status of marine aquariumtrade in India, information on harvested species and their volume was gathered at the major collection hubs (Tuticorin, Kilakarai and Mandapam) in the Gulf of Mannar region, and compared to the export data. During one year, 87 species of fish (51% belonging to the family Pomacentridae) and 21 species of invertebrates were harvested for the trade. The conservation status of exploited species revealed …
Grb 110715a: The Peculiar Multiwavelength Evolution Of The First Afterglow Detected By Alma, R. Sánchez-Ramírez, P. J. Hancock, G. Jóhannesson, Tara Murphy, A. De Ugarte Postigo, J. Gorosabel, D. A. Kann, T. Krühler, S. R. Oates, J. Japelj, C. C. Thöne, A. Lundgren, D. A. Perley, D. Malesani, I. De Gregorio Monsalvo, A. J. Castro-Tirado, V. D'Elia, J. P.U. Fynbo, D. Garcia-Appadoo, P. Goldoni, J. Greiner, Y. D. Hu, M. Jelínek, S. Jeong, A. Kamble, S. Klose, N. P.M. Kuin, A. Llorente, S. Martín, A. Nicuesa Guelbenzu, A. Rossi, P. Schady, M. Sparre
Grb 110715a: The Peculiar Multiwavelength Evolution Of The First Afterglow Detected By Alma, R. Sánchez-Ramírez, P. J. Hancock, G. Jóhannesson, Tara Murphy, A. De Ugarte Postigo, J. Gorosabel, D. A. Kann, T. Krühler, S. R. Oates, J. Japelj, C. C. Thöne, A. Lundgren, D. A. Perley, D. Malesani, I. De Gregorio Monsalvo, A. J. Castro-Tirado, V. D'Elia, J. P.U. Fynbo, D. Garcia-Appadoo, P. Goldoni, J. Greiner, Y. D. Hu, M. Jelínek, S. Jeong, A. Kamble, S. Klose, N. P.M. Kuin, A. Llorente, S. Martín, A. Nicuesa Guelbenzu, A. Rossi, P. Schady, M. Sparre
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
We present the extensive follow-up campaign on the afterglowof GRB 110715A at 17 different wavelengths, from X-ray to radio bands, starting 81 s after the burst and extending up to 74 d later.We performed for the first time aGRBafterglowobservationwith theALMAobservatory. We find that the afterglow of GRB 110715A is very bright at optical and radio wavelengths. We use the optical and near-infrared spectroscopy to provide further information about the progenitor's environment and its host galaxy. The spectrum shows weak absorption features at a redshift z = 0.8225, which reveal a host-galaxy environment with low ionization, column density, and dynamical activity. …
Feeding Habits And Dietary Overlap Of Age-0 Winter Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes Americanus) And Summer Flounder (Paralichthys Dentatus) In Southern New England Tidal Rivers, David L. Taylor, Carissa L. Gervasi
Feeding Habits And Dietary Overlap Of Age-0 Winter Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes Americanus) And Summer Flounder (Paralichthys Dentatus) In Southern New England Tidal Rivers, David L. Taylor, Carissa L. Gervasi
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Age-0 winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus; 20-90 mm in total length [TL]) and summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus; 19-172 mm TL) were collected from the Seekonk and Taunton Rivers (in Rhode Island and Massachusetts, respectively) from May through September during 2009-2015, and stomach content analysis was used to assess diet composition and resource overlap for these species. Winter and summer flounder underwent ontogenetic dietary shifts. Winter flounder <40 mm TL predominantly fed on copepods, transitioning to amphipods, isopods, and bivalves with increasing size. Polychaetes also were consumed frequently by winter flounder, irrespective of size. The principal prey of summer flounder <60 mm TL were mysid shrimp and copepods, whereas sand shrimp (Crangon septemspinosa), amphipods, and fish were the dominant prey of larger conspecifics. There was minimal dietary overlap for the flounder species when comparisons were made independent of body size, indicating food niche segregation. For winter and summer flounder of equivalent sizes, however, dietary overlap was inversely related to TL. Moderate to high resource overlap occurred for small winter and summer flounder (<40 mm TL) and was attributed to their mutual reliance on copepods and amphipods. Despite evidence of dietary overlap, it is unlikely that shared prey resources were diminished enough to negatively affect either flounder species.
Mercury Contamination In Southern New England Coastal Fisheries And Dietary Habits Of Recreational Anglers And Their Families: Implications To Human Health And Issuance Of Consumption Advisories, David L. Taylor, Patrick R. Williamson
Mercury Contamination In Southern New England Coastal Fisheries And Dietary Habits Of Recreational Anglers And Their Families: Implications To Human Health And Issuance Of Consumption Advisories, David L. Taylor, Patrick R. Williamson
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Total mercury (Hg) was measured in coastal fishes from Southern New England (RI, USA), and Hg exposure was estimated for anglers and family members that consumed these resources. Fish Hg was positively related to total length (n = 2028 across 7 fish species), and interspecies differences were evident among legally harvestable fish. Many recreational anglers and their families experienced excessively high Hg exposure rates, which was attributed to the enriched Hg content of frequently consumed fishes. Specifically, 51.5% of participants in this study had Hg exposures exceeding the US EPA reference dose, including 50.0% of women of childbearing years. These …
Expanding Our Understanding Of The Trade In Marine Aquarium Animals, Andrew L. Rhyne, Michael F. Tlusty, Joseph T. Szczebak, Robert J. Holmberg
Expanding Our Understanding Of The Trade In Marine Aquarium Animals, Andrew L. Rhyne, Michael F. Tlusty, Joseph T. Szczebak, Robert J. Holmberg
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
The trade of live marine animals for home and public aquaria has grown into a major global industry. Millions of marine fishes and invertebrates are removed from coral reefs and associated habitats each year. The majority are imported into the United States, with the remainder sent to Europe, Japan, and a handful of other countries. Despite the recent growth and diversification of the aquarium trade, to date, data collection is not mandatory, and hence comprehensive information on species volume and diversity is lacking. This lack of information makes it impossible to study trade pathways. Without species-specific volume and diversity data, …
Characteristics Of Cigarette Smoking In Individuals In Smoking Concordant And Smoking Discordant Couples, Erin M. Tooley, Belinda Borrelli
Characteristics Of Cigarette Smoking In Individuals In Smoking Concordant And Smoking Discordant Couples, Erin M. Tooley, Belinda Borrelli
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Partner smoking status may impact smoking cessation outcomes. The purpose of this study is to compare smokers in smoking concordant couples (both partners smoke) to smokers in smoking discordant couples (one partner smokes) on variables that are important for quitting smoking. Participants were 123 cigarette smokers with cohabitating romantic partners (smoking discordant: n = 60, smoking concordant: n = 63, 63.9% females). We used one-way MANCOVA, controlling for age and number of cigarettes smoked per day, to examine differences between groups on smoking outcome expectancies, motivation to quit smoking, and dyadic efficacy to quit smoking. We examined smoking behavior in …
A Transdisciplinary Approach To The Initial Validation Of A Single Cell Protein As An Alternative Protein Source For Use In Aquafeeds, Michael Tlusty, Andrew Rhyne, Joseph T. Szczebak, Bradford Bourque, Jennifer L. Bowen, Gary Burr, Christopher J. Marx, Lawrence Feinberg
A Transdisciplinary Approach To The Initial Validation Of A Single Cell Protein As An Alternative Protein Source For Use In Aquafeeds, Michael Tlusty, Andrew Rhyne, Joseph T. Szczebak, Bradford Bourque, Jennifer L. Bowen, Gary Burr, Christopher J. Marx, Lawrence Feinberg
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
The human population is growing and, globally, we must meet the challenge of increased protein needs required to feed this population. Single cell proteins (SCP), when coupled to aquaculture production, offer a means to ensure future protein needs can be met without direct competition with food for people. To demonstrate a given type of SCP has potential as a protein source for use in aquaculture feed, a number of steps need to be validated including demonstrating that the SCP is accepted by the species in question, leads to equivalent survival and growth, does not result in illness or other maladies, …
The Central Arctic Ocean-Preventing Another Tragedy Of The Commons, Andrew J. Norris, Patrick Mckinley
The Central Arctic Ocean-Preventing Another Tragedy Of The Commons, Andrew J. Norris, Patrick Mckinley
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Arctic sea ice is melting, slowly but inexorably. As the ice disappears, mankind will be afforded access to regions and activities, including commercial fishing, that have been inaccessible for our entire recorded history. There is currently no regulatory body or mechanism in the high seas Arctic (also referred to as the central Arctic Ocean) to conserve and manage fish stocks, the distribution and concentration of which are poorly understood, and that might be the target of commercial fisheries. This article examines the extent and nature of ice recession in the Arctic, and its likely effect on the accessibility of central …
The Genomic Content And Context Of Auxiliary Metabolic Genes In Marine Cyanomyoviruses, Lisa T. Crummett, Richard J. Puxty, Claudia Weihe, Marcia F. Marston, Jennifer B.H. Martiny
The Genomic Content And Context Of Auxiliary Metabolic Genes In Marine Cyanomyoviruses, Lisa T. Crummett, Richard J. Puxty, Claudia Weihe, Marcia F. Marston, Jennifer B.H. Martiny
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Viruses of marine cyanobacteria frequently contain auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) that augment host metabolism during infection, but little is known about their adaptive significance. We analyzed the distribution and genomic context of 33 AMGs across 60 cyanomyovirus genomes. Similarity in AMG content among cyanomyoviruses was only weakly correlated with phylogenetic relatedness; however, AMG content was generally conserved within the same operational taxonomic unit (OTU). A virus’ AMG repertoire was also correlated with its isolation host and environment (coastal versus open ocean). A new analytical method based on shared co-linear blocks revealed that variation in the genomic location of an AMG …
Minimal Length Maximal Green Sequences And Triangulations Of Polygons, E. Cormier, P. Dillery, J. Resh, K. Serhiyenko, J. Whelan
Minimal Length Maximal Green Sequences And Triangulations Of Polygons, E. Cormier, P. Dillery, J. Resh, K. Serhiyenko, J. Whelan
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
We use combinatorics of quivers and the corresponding surfaces to study maximal green sequences of minimal length for quivers of type A. We prove that such sequences have length n+ t, where n is the number of vertices and t is the number of 3-cycles in the quiver. Moreover, we develop a procedure that yields these minimal length maximal green sequences.
The Effect Of Particle Properties On The Depth Profile Of Buoyant Plastics In The Ocean, Merel Kooi, Julia Reisser, Boyan Slat, Francesco F. Ferrari, Moritz S. Schmid, Serena Cunsolo, Roberto Brambini, Kimberly Noble, Lys Anne Sirks, Theo E.W. Linders, Rosanna I. Schoeneich-Argent, Albert A. Koelmans
The Effect Of Particle Properties On The Depth Profile Of Buoyant Plastics In The Ocean, Merel Kooi, Julia Reisser, Boyan Slat, Francesco F. Ferrari, Moritz S. Schmid, Serena Cunsolo, Roberto Brambini, Kimberly Noble, Lys Anne Sirks, Theo E.W. Linders, Rosanna I. Schoeneich-Argent, Albert A. Koelmans
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
Most studies on buoyant microplastics in the marine environment rely on sea surface sampling. Consequently, microplastic amounts can be underestimated, as turbulence leads to vertical mixing. Models that correct for vertical mixing are based on limited data. In this study we report measurements of the depth profile of buoyant microplastics in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre, from 0 to 5 m depth. Microplastics were separated into size classes (0.5-1.5 and 1.5-5.0 mm) and types ( € fragments' and € lines'), and associated with a sea state. Microplastic concentrations decreased exponentially with depth, with both sea state and particle properties affecting …
Transitions In Morphologies, Fluid Regimes, And Feeding Mechanisms During Development Of The Medusa Lychnorhiza Lucerna, Renato M. Nagata, André C. Morandini, Sean P. Colin, Alvaro E. Migotto, John H. Costello
Transitions In Morphologies, Fluid Regimes, And Feeding Mechanisms During Development Of The Medusa Lychnorhiza Lucerna, Renato M. Nagata, André C. Morandini, Sean P. Colin, Alvaro E. Migotto, John H. Costello
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
The early ontogeny of scyphomedusae involves morphological and functional transitions in body plans that affect the predators' propulsive and feeding strategies. We applied highspeed videography digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV), and dye visualization techniques to evaluate alterations in swimming and feeding mechanisms during ontogeny of the rhizostome medusa Lychnorhiza lucerna Haeckel, 1880 (Scyphozoa, Rhizostomeae). During early ontogeny the ephyral mouth lips develop into complex filtering structures along the oral arms. The viscous environments (Reynolds number <100) experienced by ephyrae constrain the feeding mechanisms that transport fluid during ephyral bell pulsations. In contrast, adult medusan fluid flows are dominated by inertial forces, and bell pulsations effectively transport fluids and entrained prey toward the oral arms. The oral arm surfaces are covered by motile epidermal cilia that drive these entrained flows through filtering gaps in the oral arms where food particles are retained. In addition to this process within the oral arms, vortices generated during bell pulsation flow downstream along the outside of the medusae and continuously transport prey toward the exterior oral arm surfaces. Although calanoid copepods are capable of escape velocities that greatly exceed L. lucerna's feeding current speeds, copepods often fail to detect the predator's feeding currents or inadvertently jump into medusan capture surfaces during failed escape attempts. Consequently, the comparatively weak predator feeding currents successfully capture a portion of the copepods encountered by swimming medusae. These results clarify the processes that enable rhizostome medusae to play key roles as consumers in tropical and subtropical coastal environments.
Juvenile Winter Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes Americanus) And Summer Flounder (Paralichthys Dentatus) Utilization Of Southern New England Nurseries: Comparisons Among Estuarine, Tidal River, And Coastal Lagoon Shallow-Water Habitats, David L. Taylor, Jason Mcnamee, John Lake, Carissa L. Gervasi, Danial G. Palance
Juvenile Winter Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes Americanus) And Summer Flounder (Paralichthys Dentatus) Utilization Of Southern New England Nurseries: Comparisons Among Estuarine, Tidal River, And Coastal Lagoon Shallow-Water Habitats, David L. Taylor, Jason Mcnamee, John Lake, Carissa L. Gervasi, Danial G. Palance
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
This study evaluated the relative importance of the Narragansett Bay estuary (RI and MA, USA), and associated tidal rivers and coastal lagoons, as nurseries for juvenile winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, and summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus. Winter flounder (WF) and summer flounder (SF) abundance and growth were measured from May to October (2009–2013) and served as indicators for the use and quality of shallow-water habitats (water depth <1.5–3.0 m). These bioindicators were then analyzed with respect to physiochemical conditions to determine the mechanisms underlying intraspecific habitat selection. WF and SF abundances were greatest in late May and June (maximum monthly mean = 4.9 and 0.55 flounder/m2 for WF and SF, respectively) and were significantly higher in the tidal rivers relative to the bay and lagoons. Habitat-related patterns in WF and SF abundance were primarily governed by their preferences for oligohaline (0.1–5 ppt) and mesohaline (6–18 ppt) waters, but also their respective avoidance of hypoxic conditions (<4 mg DO/L) and warm water temperatures (>25 °C). Flounder habitat usage was also positively related to sediment organic content, which may be due to these substrates having sufficiently high prey densities. WF growth rates (mean = 0.25 ± 0.14 mm/day) …