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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
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Physical Demands And Salivary Immunoglobulin A Responses Of Elite Australian Rules Football Athletes To Match Play, Sam Coad, Bon Gray, George Wehbe, Christopher Mclellan
Physical Demands And Salivary Immunoglobulin A Responses Of Elite Australian Rules Football Athletes To Match Play, Sam Coad, Bon Gray, George Wehbe, Christopher Mclellan
Chris McLellan
Purpose: To examine the response or pre- and postmatch salivary immunoglobulin A concentration ([s-IgA]) to Australian Football League (AFL) match play and investigate the acute and cumulative influence of player workload and postmatch [s-IgA] after repeated participation in AFL match play. Methods: Eleven elite AFL athletes (21.8 ± 2.4 y, 186.9 ± 7.9 cm, 87.4 ± 7.5 kg) were monitored throughout 3 matches during the preseason that were separated by 7 d. Saliva samples were collected across each AFL match at 24 h and 1 h prematch and 1, 12, 36, and 60 h postmatch to determine [s-IgA]. Global positioning …
Monopoly Sports Leagues, Stephen Ross
Monopoly Sports Leagues, Stephen Ross
Stephen F Ross
This Article argues that the government should break up both Major League Baseball and the NFL to provide for competing economic entities in each sport. Part I details the harm monopoly sports leagues cause in several different markets and explains why a competitive league structure can correct such harms. Part II discusses why regulatory solutions are poor substitutes for competition as a means of redressing these harms. Part III explains why neither baseball nor football is a "natural monopoly" and argues that no persuasive evidence suggests that rival leagues cannot exist in those sports. Part IV examines how the antitrust …
Sports And The Law: Text, Cases, And Problems, 5th, Stephen Ross, Paul Weiler, Gary Roberts, Roger Abrams
Sports And The Law: Text, Cases, And Problems, 5th, Stephen Ross, Paul Weiler, Gary Roberts, Roger Abrams
Stephen F Ross
This casebook introduces students to the fundamentals of labor, antitrust, and intellectual property law as applied in the professional and amateur sporting industries. It covers the unique office of the league commissioner and special concerns with the “best interests of sports”; the contract, antitrust, and labor law dimensions of the player-labor market; the peculiar institution of the player agent in a unionized industry; the economic and legal implications of agreements among league owners and responses to rival leagues; the system of commercialized college athletics governed by the NCAA and how law impacts individual sports like golf, tennis and boxing; as …
Home-Field Advantage And Disadvantage, Harry Wallace
Home-Field Advantage And Disadvantage, Harry Wallace
Harry M. Wallace
The home-field advantage refers to the tendency for sports performers to win more often when competing at their home facility. Studies of professional, collegiate, and high school sports have consistently found that home performers defeat visiting performers in more than half of total games played. The aggregated winning percentages of home performers vary between sports and across eras, but they typically range from just above 50% to as high as 70%. Home-field advantage effects are common in team sports like baseball, basketball, and football as well as in individual sports such as tennis and wrestling.
The Gambler's Fallacy: A Test Of Football-Betting Market Efficiency, Ladd Kochman, Ravija Badarinathi
The Gambler's Fallacy: A Test Of Football-Betting Market Efficiency, Ladd Kochman, Ravija Badarinathi
Ladd Kochman
Imaginary wagers placed on college football teams during the 2006-2010 seasons that were expected to beat the point spread following two games in which they lost both on the field and against the spread produced a wins-to-bets ratio that was statistically nonrandom but not profitable. However, when that rule was limited to the major conference schools, a significantly profitable W/B ratio emerged that challenges the efficiency of a competitive market.
Major League Baseball: What Really Puts Fans In The Stands?, Ladd Kochman
Major League Baseball: What Really Puts Fans In The Stands?, Ladd Kochman
Ladd Kochman
Attendance at Major League Baseball games has long been thought to be a function of the uncertainty of a game's outcome. Optimal uncertainty and, in turn, maximal attendance are said to occur when there is a 60% chance that the home team will win. This study reexamined the data used by past researchers and found that the betting odds associated with a 60% probability of winning (7-8) are more consistent with outcome certainty than with the accepted conclusion of outcome uncertainty. One explanation for the counterintuitive finding may be that it simply costs too much to attend a MLB game …
Dogs No Longer Man's Best Friend: A Test Of Football Market Efficiency, Ladd Kochman
Dogs No Longer Man's Best Friend: A Test Of Football Market Efficiency, Ladd Kochman
Ladd Kochman
The outcomes of wagers on underdogs in the National Football League for the 2003-2007 seasons indicated that what had been anomalous behavior no longer existed. The failure of underdogs to beat the spread in profitable or nonrandom fashion supports the argument that competitive markets are efficient and undermines the proposition that behavioral finance can illuminate exploitable betting patterns.
Acute Injuries In Recreational And Competitive Surfers: Incidence, Severity, Location, Type And Mechanism, James Furness, Wayne Hing, Joe Walsh, Allan Abbott, Jeremy Sheppard, Michael Climstein
Acute Injuries In Recreational And Competitive Surfers: Incidence, Severity, Location, Type And Mechanism, James Furness, Wayne Hing, Joe Walsh, Allan Abbott, Jeremy Sheppard, Michael Climstein
Allan D. Abbott
This is the largest surfing-specific survey that included both recreational and competitive surfers conducted in Australia to date. The shoulder, ankle, head, and face were identified as the key regions where acute injuries occur in surfers. This research may aid in reducing the occurrence of injury through musculoskeletal screening in these key injury-prone regions and through the use of sport-specific strength training and conditioning.
An Empirical Examination Of The Factors Affecting The Success Of Ncaa Division I College Basketball Teams, Michael D. Akers, Shaheen Wolff, Thomas E. Buttross
An Empirical Examination Of The Factors Affecting The Success Of Ncaa Division I College Basketball Teams, Michael D. Akers, Shaheen Wolff, Thomas E. Buttross
Michael D. Akers
The Cobb-Douglas production function, regression analyses, and discriminant analyses are used to examine the factors affecting the success of Division I men's basketball teams in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Data were obtained for 229 teams. The results indicate that important factors in success are 2-point field-goal percentage, rebounds, steals, 3-point field-goal percentage, turnovers, and personal fouls. Variables that distinguish winning teams from losing teams are 2-point field-goal percentage, turnovers, prior years' winning percentage of the head coach, free-throw percentage, steals, and rebounds. The results also indicate that the production function of the teams exhibit increasing returns to scale.
Principles Of Contract Law Applied To Entertainment And Sports Contracts: A Model For Balancing The Rights Of The Industry With Protecting The Interests Of Minors, Richard J. Hunter Jr., John H. Shannon
Principles Of Contract Law Applied To Entertainment And Sports Contracts: A Model For Balancing The Rights Of The Industry With Protecting The Interests Of Minors, Richard J. Hunter Jr., John H. Shannon
Richard J Hunter Jr.
This paper discusses the context of common law and statutory materials dealing with a minor who participate in the entertainment and sports fields. The paper describes the changes undertaken as a result of several notorious cases involving prominent child actors and how the California legislature dealt with issues ranging from set asides of income, approval of contracts by a competent court of jurisdiction, recognition of the legitimate interests of all parties to the contract, to principles under which a minor would be precluded from disaffirming a contract. The paper then applies and extends the principles developed in entertainment contracts to …
Bra-Breast Forces Generated In Women With Large Breasts While Standing And During Treadmill Running: Implications For Sports Bra Design, Deirdre Mcghee, Julie Steele, William Zealey, George Takacs
Bra-Breast Forces Generated In Women With Large Breasts While Standing And During Treadmill Running: Implications For Sports Bra Design, Deirdre Mcghee, Julie Steele, William Zealey, George Takacs
George Takacs
This study aimed to determine the bra–breast forces generated in women with large breasts while these women wore different levels of breast support during both upright standing and treadmill running. The mean bilateral vertical component of the bra–breast force in standing was 11.7 ± 4.6 N, whereas during treadmill running the mean unilateral bra–breast force was 8.7 ± 6.4 N and 14.7 ± 10.3 N in the high and low support conditions, respectively. Furthermore, breast mass was significantly correlated with vertical breast displacement (R2 = 0.62) in the high support condition. The wide range of breast masses of women with …
Liberalizing Nirvana: An Analysis Of The Consequences Of Common Pool Resource Deregulation For The Sustainability Of Fiji’S Surf Tourism Industry, Jess Ponting, Danny O'Brien
Liberalizing Nirvana: An Analysis Of The Consequences Of Common Pool Resource Deregulation For The Sustainability Of Fiji’S Surf Tourism Industry, Jess Ponting, Danny O'Brien
Danny O'Brien
In July 2010, the Fijian government issued a decree that liberalized Fiji’s surf breaks and deregulated its surf tourism industry. It did this by canceling licenses that granted resorts exclusive use of surf breaks based on indigenous customary ownership of foreshore and fringing reef fishing areas as common pool resources. This paper analyses the sustainability of surf tourism in Fiji, utilizing a developing framework for sustainable surf tourism. Based on broader sustainable tourism theory and empirical research, the framework considers (1) the impact of economic neo-liberalism, (2) the need for coordinated planning and limits to growth, (3) the advantages of …
"Just" Desserts: An Interpretive Analysis Of Sports Nutrition Marketing, Joylin Namie, Russell Warne
"Just" Desserts: An Interpretive Analysis Of Sports Nutrition Marketing, Joylin Namie, Russell Warne
Russell T Warne
Straddling the boundary between “junk” and not, sports nutrition is unique among processed foods. Between-meal snacks full of refined carbohydrates, sugar, sodium and even caffeine, qualities that render foods “bad” and off limits in other contexts, these products are consumed during the “work” of organized leisure, and increasingly as part of everyday life by non-athletes. Masquerading as healthy food, with ingredients, flavours and consumption patterns suggestive of children’s candy and adult desserts (Douglas, M. (1972). Deciphering a meal. Daedalus, 101(1), 61–81; James, A. (1998). Confections, concoctions, and conceptions. In H. Jenkins (Ed.), The children’s culture reader (pp. 394–405). New York: …
Competitive Entertainment: Implications Of The Nfl Lockout Litigation For Sports, Theatre, Music, And Video Entertainment, Henry H. Perritt Jr.
Competitive Entertainment: Implications Of The Nfl Lockout Litigation For Sports, Theatre, Music, And Video Entertainment, Henry H. Perritt Jr.
Henry H. Perritt, Jr.
The 2011 NFL lockout reveals profound changes in the labor and product markets for the entire entertainment industry, driven by a revolution in technology. This article explores the revolution in the professional sports, theatre, and movie-making industries and concludes that it is fragmenting production, blurring the boundaries between labor markets and product markets, and introducing new forms of competition. As a result, the labor exemptions to the antitrust laws, which featured prominently in the NFL controversy are becoming less relevant, shifting the law's policing of competition to antitrust rule-of-reason analysis, where counterpoises such as labor unions are inactive, and making …
Examining Motivation For Charity Sport Event Participation: A Comparison Of Recreation-Based And Charity-Based Motives, Kevin Filo, Daniel Funk, Danny O'Brien
Examining Motivation For Charity Sport Event Participation: A Comparison Of Recreation-Based And Charity-Based Motives, Kevin Filo, Daniel Funk, Danny O'Brien
Danny O'Brien
This paper examines the role of recreation motives and motives for charitable giving in the development of participants’ attachment to a charity sport event across two different events. Online questionnaires were administered within a pilot study, and then given to participants in the 2007 Lance Armstrong Foundation (LAF) LIVESTRONG Challenge (N=568) and the 2007 3M Half Marathon and Relay (N=689). Regression analysis revealed both recreation-based and charity-based motives contribute to attachment to the events. The findings also demonstrate that the charity-based motives make a stronger contribution for the 2007 LAF LIVESTRONG Challenge, while recreation-based motives make a stronger contribution for …
Beauty, Bodies, Physical Culture: Aesthetics, Architecture And Art In Postrevolutionary Mexico City, Ageeth Sluis
Beauty, Bodies, Physical Culture: Aesthetics, Architecture And Art In Postrevolutionary Mexico City, Ageeth Sluis
Ageeth Sluis
No abstract provided.
The Antecedents And Outcomes Of Attachment And Sponsor Image Within Charity Sport Events, Kevin Filo, Daniel Funk, Danny O'Brien
The Antecedents And Outcomes Of Attachment And Sponsor Image Within Charity Sport Events, Kevin Filo, Daniel Funk, Danny O'Brien
Danny O'Brien
Sport events benefiting a charitable cause have emerged as meaningful experiences for participants. These charity sport events may allow event sponsors to shape perceptions of corporate image among event participants. Using the Psychological Continuum Model (PCM) as the theoretical framework, the factors that contribute to participants' perceptions of event sponsors are examined. The influence of this image of event sponsors on behavioral outcomes among participants is also investigated. A post-event questionnaire was administered to participants in a sport event (A^ = 672) to investigate the relationships among motives, sponsor image, event attachment, purchase intent, and future participation intent. Results reveal …
Troubled Doctrine, Extraordinary Deference: The State Action Requirement And Amateur Sports, Dionne L. Koller
Troubled Doctrine, Extraordinary Deference: The State Action Requirement And Amateur Sports, Dionne L. Koller
Dionne L. Koller
The state action doctrine has been criticized for decades. Among the criticisms is that the doctrine as applied will fail to account for changing realities in the exercise of state power. Building on this criticism, this article makes the claim that the state action doctrine’s failure to account for the realities of increased state power in amateur sports has important consequences for the amateur athletes and others who are regulated by ostensibly private organizations such as the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), and the United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA). While some commentators previously have …
A Statistical Model For Baseball Standings, A. Studenmund, Featherstone
A Statistical Model For Baseball Standings, A. Studenmund, Featherstone
A. H. Studenmund
No abstract provided.