Digital Commons Network^™

Gender And Theory Of Mind In Preschoolers’ Group Effort: Evidence For Timing Differences Behind Children’S Earliest Social Loafing, Robert Thompson, Bill Thornton

Bill Thornton

This study explored mental state reasoning within the context of group effort and possible differences in development between boys and girls. Preschool children (59 girls, 47 boys) were assessed for theory of mind (ToM) ability using classic false belief tests. Children participated in group effort conditions that alternated from one condition, where individual effort was transparent and obvious, to one where individual effort remained anonymous. The aim was to investigate if emergent mental state reasoning, after controlling for age, was associated with the well-known phenomenon of reduced effort in group tasks (“social loafing”). Girls had slightly higher ToM scores and …

In The U.S. Supreme Court: How To Define Who Qualifies As An 'Employer' Within The Meaning Of Title Vii, Steven Kaminshine

Steven J. Kaminshine

No abstract provided.

In The U.S. Supreme Court: Does Title Vii Protect Former Employees From Acts Of Retaliation By Former Employers?, Steven Kaminshine

Steven J. Kaminshine

No abstract provided.

Ethical Issues In Community Supervision (Probation And Parole), Sharlette A. Kellum-Gilbert Ph.D.

Dr. Sharlette A. Kellum-Gilbert

If one does not like to be micromanaged, they should never do anything that might cause them to be on probation or parole. Probation Officers and Parole Officers (POs) are super micromanagers. Every day, they are tasked with supervising several offenders (e.g., home contact, work verifications, treatment programs, etc.). This is definitely not a desk job! They must be diplomatic, fair, stern, and knowledgeable. The job of probation and parole officers includes impeding cycles. There are various cycles of dysfunction that causes an offender to be introduced to the system and sometimes remain in the system. Probation and parole officers …

Gender Differences In Functioning For Older Adults In Rural Bangladesh: The Impact Of Differential Reporting?, M. Rahman, Jihong Liu

Jihong Liu

No abstract provided.

Reviving Eva In Tim Winton's Breath, Colleen Mcgloin

Colleen McGloin

Breath by Tim Winton is an Australian surfing narrative. As a postcolonial novel, the novel's absence of indigenous representation and its portrayal of the central female character, Eva Sanderson, solicit a reading that attempts to make sense of the intersections between gender and race central to many such texts. In this paper, I explore the representation of Eva and provide a feminist reading of the novel that re-considers its racialized, gendered, and nationalist dimensions. It is Eva, I suggest, who provides the potential for reconfiguring white surfing masculinities, but whose over-determined masculinization and often misogynistic representation within the patriarchal logic …

Rethinking Women's And Gender Studies, Gender And Education, Colleen Mcgloin

Colleen McGloin

This compilation of scholarly articles examines the (inter)disciplinary field of Women’s and Gender Studies (WGS) looking at the genealogy of WGS, its foundational principles, its language and practices. The work considers the use of language, in particular the way certain terminology within the field invites engagement with the political aims of WGS, or limits its potential for more rigorous pedagogical practices and analytic frameworks. Chapters are organised into five sections: ‘foundational assumptions’, ‘ubiquitous descriptions’, ‘epistemologies rethought’, ‘silences and disavowals’, and ‘establishment challenges’. Within these themes, specific terms (among them ‘feminism’, ‘interdisciplinarity’, ‘pedagogy’, ‘intersectionality’, and ‘community’) are examined for their application …

Home Front Ww2: Myths And Realties, Rowan Cahill

Rowan Cahill

This is a revised version of the author's 2014 Brisbane Labour History Association Alex McDonald lecture. In this paper the author takes apart the right-wing accounts, particularly by Hal Colebatch ('Australia's Secret War, 2013), that demonise the Australian trade union leadership and the Communist Party of Australia for 'treasonous' industrial disputation during World War II.

Silent Beneficiaries: Affirmative Action And Gender In Law School Academic Support Programs, Darlene Goring

Darlene C. Goring

No abstract provided.

Is It Me Or Her? How Gender Composition Influences Interpersonally Sensitive Behavior On Collaborative Cross-Boundary Projects, Michele Williams

Michele Williams

This paper investigates how professional workers’ willingness to act with interpersonal sensitivity is influenced by the gender and power of their interaction partners. We call into question the idea that mixed-gender interactions involve more interpersonal sensitivity than all-male interactions primarily because women demonstrate more interpersonal sensitivity than do men. Rather, we argue that the social category “women” can evoke more sensitive behavior from others such that men as well as women contribute to an increase in sensitivity in mixed-gender interactions. We further argue that the presence of women may trigger increased sensitivity such that men can also be the recipients …

Women, Kin-Keeping And The Inscription Of Gender In Mediated Communication Environments., Julie Dare

Julie Dare Dr

The notion of the Internet as a transformative communications platform, through which concepts such as embodiment, gender, and identity can be transcended, deconstructed, or subverted, represents an enduring theme in communications literature over the last two decades.1 Underpinning early analyses was the premise that new opportunities presented by the Internet were driving innovative communication and behavioral practices. For example, the ability to interact anonymously opened the door for identity play and gender swapping, the implications of which, as Nancy Baym suggests, were "theoretically intoxicating"

Traits Linked To Executive And Reward Systems Functioning In Clients Undergoing Residential Treatment For Substance Dependence, Michael Lyvers, Rachel Hinton, Stephanie Gotsis, Michelle Roddy, Mark S. Edwards, Fred Thorberg

Mike Lyvers

Traits presumed to reflect dopaminergic reward and prefrontal executive systems functioning were assessed in 100 clients undergoing residential treatment for substance dependence and a community sample of 107 social drinkers. All participants completed self-report measures of impulsivity, alexithymia, frontal systems dysfunction, sensitivity to rewards and punishments, dispositional mindfulness, alcohol use, illicit drug use, mood and demographic characteristics. The percentage of in-patients meeting the criterion for alexithymia was more than twice as high as in the community sample (p < .0001). Multivariate analysis of covariance controlling for age, education, head injury and gender revealed significant differences (p < .0001) between clinical and community samples such that clients scored higher on negative moods, frontal systems dysfunction, reward sensitivity, punishment sensitivity and impulsivity, and lower on dispositional mindfulness. Time in treatment was correlated only with negative mood, supporting the stability of the trait measures; controlling for negative mood eliminated group differences on punishment sensitivity and mindfulness only. Results are consistent with the notion that addiction is linked to reward sensitivity and frontal lobe deficits, with associated implications.

Medical Educators Working Abroad: A Pilot Study Of Educators' Experiences In The Middle East, Michelle Mclean, Judy Mckimm, Stella Major

Michelle McLean

Medical education is now a global enterprise, with many medical educators working internationally, either for short or longer periods or even permanently. In parallel, many medical schools are now involved in collaborations and partnerships with schools in other countries. With this in mind, we set out to explore what motivates, supports and inhibits medical educators who wish to or might work outside their ‘‘home country’’. This article reports on the pilot stage (in specific organizational contexts in Middle East) of a longitudinal project aimed at canvassing medical educators on a broader global scale, using reflective accounts and a questionnaire survey. …

Hiv Pilot Program For Chinese College Students: Differences By Gender, Teresa Serratt

Teresa Serratt

No abstract provided.

Alexithymia And Alcohol: The Roles Of Punishment Sensitivity And Drinking Motives, Michael Lyvers, Penelope Hasking, Bonnie Albrecht, Fred Thorberg

Mike Lyvers

Alexithymia refers to difficulties identifying and describing feelings. It is suspected of being a risk factor for problematic drinking, an idea examined by this study. In 178 women and 84 men alexithymia was associated with male gender, coping motives for drinking and sensitivity to punishment. Individuals with alexithymia reported stronger coping motives and sensitivity to punishment compared to those with borderline or no alexithymia. Path analysis indicated that the relationship between the alexithymia dimension difficulties identifying feelings and coping motives was mediated by sensitivity to punishment, and the relationship between sensitivity to punishment and risky drinking was mediated by coping …

Mood, Mood Regulation Expectancies And Frontal Systems Functioning In Current Smokers Versus Never-Smokers In China And Australia, Michael Lyvers, Cassandra Carlopio, Vicole Bothma, Mark Edwards

Mike Lyvers

Indices of mood, mood regulation expectancies and everyday executive functioning were examined in adult current smokers and never-smokers of both genders in Australia (N= 97), where anti-smoking campaigns have dramatically reduced smoking prevalence and acceptability, and in China (N= 222), where smoking prevalence and public acceptance of smoking remain high. Dependent measures included the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), the Negative Mood Regulation (NMR) expectancies scale, the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe), the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVAs) controlling for demographic and recruitment related variables revealed …

Rash Impulsiveness And Reward Sensitivity In Relation To Risky Drinking By University Students: Potential Roles Of Frontal Systems, Michael Lyvers, Helen Duff, Vanessa Basch, Mark Edwards

Mike Lyvers

Background: Two forms of impulsivity, rash impulsiveness and reward sensitivity, have been proposed to reflect aspects of frontal lobe functioning and promote substance use. The present study examined these two forms of impulsivity as well as frontal lobe symptoms in relation to risky drinking by university students. Methods: University undergraduates aged 18–26 years completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ), Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe), and a demographics questionnaire assessing age, gender, and age of onset of weekly drinking (AOD). Results: AUDIT-defined harmful drinkers reported earlier …

Trait Mindfulness In Relation To Emotional Self-Regulation And Executive Function, Michael Lyvers, Chloe Makin, Evan Toms, Fred Thorberg, Christina Samios

Mike Lyvers

The present study examined relationships of trait mindfulness to indices of mood, executive functions, and emotion regulation in 153 university students of both genders aged 18–30 years. Participants completed a questionnaire battery consisting of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21), Negative Mood Regulation (NMR) scale, Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. As predicted, MAAS mindfulness scores were significantly positively related to NMR expectancies and negatively related to DASS Depression, Anxiety and Stress scores, all three FrSBe indices of prefrontal cortex …

Use Of Complementary Therapies By Registered Psychologists: A Comparison Of Australian, Uk And American Professionals, Peta Stapleton

Peta B. Stapleton

No abstract provided.

Michael F. Graham

No abstract provided.

Michael F. Graham

No abstract provided.

Pottery Ethnoarchaeology In The Central Maya Highlands, M. Deal, Michael Shott

Michael J. Shott

No abstract provided.

Board Gender Diversity And Emphasis Of Matter Going Concern Audit Opinions, Ellie Chapple, Pamela Kent, James Routledge

Pamela Kent

This paper examines the relation between gender diversity on the board of directors and the likelihood that a company receives an emphasis of matter going concern audit opinion. Gender diversity on the board and the audit committee is examined. We find that, after controlling for the strength of corporate governance and relevant financial characteristics, boards with at least one female director are less likely to receive an emphasis of matter going concern opinion. We attribute this result to the improved monitoring that the board is able to provide as a result of the qualities brought to bear by female directors. …

Board Gender Diversity And Emphasis Of Matter Going Concern Audit Opinions, Ellie Chapple, Pamela Kent, James Routledge

James Routledge

This paper examines the relation between gender diversity on the board of directors and the likelihood that a company receives an emphasis of matter going concern audit opinion. Gender diversity on the board and the audit committee is examined. We find that, after controlling for the strength of corporate governance and relevant financial characteristics, boards with at least one female director are less likely to receive an emphasis of matter going concern opinion. We attribute this result to the improved monitoring that the board is able to provide as a result of the qualities brought to bear by female directors. …

Incongruence With Social Work Culture Among Evangelical Students: The Mediating Role Of Group-Based Dominance, N. Walls, Kristie Seelman

Kristie L Seelman

Teaching about religion in social work programs is viewed as a difficult topic fraught with tension and anxiety (Coholic, 2003), but when content about religion is not integrated into the curriculum, social work practitioners have little guidance on how to manage their own personal religious beliefs in the context of social work values in practice (Canda, Nakashima, & Furman, 2004). Given that religious values may influence how one perceives gender, ethnicity, sexuality, and even mental health (Duriez & Hutsebaut, 2000; Wilkinson, 2004) and play a role in the social worker’s ability to be authentic with a client and provide positive …

The Effect Of Personality Traits On Subject Choice And Performance In High School: Evidence From An English Cohort, Silvia Mendolia, Ian Walker

Silvia Mendolia

This paper investigates the relationship between personality traits in adolescence and performance in high school using a large and recent cohort study. In particular, we investigate the impact of locus of control, self-esteem and work ethics at age 15, on test scores at age 16, and on subject choices and subsequent performance at age 17-18. In particular, individuals with external locus of control or with low levels of self-esteem seem less likely to have good performance in test scores at age 16 and to pursue further studies at 17-18, especially in mathematics or science. We use matching methods to control …

Discrimination In Customer Segmentation Marketing Practices, Jude A. Thomas

Jude A Thomas

Customer segmentation is a powerful analytical marketing practice that is employed by a wide range of businesses to segregate customers with similar characteristics into subgroups in order to inform operational business processes. Such practices allow firms to better allocate their resources in order to form more profitable customer relationships, but they also have the capacity to lead to unfair discriminatory impact upon customer groups. Current legislation is largely unprotective of customers so positioned, but recent trends in the insurance and lending industries suggest that a broader application of anti-discrimination laws could foretell a future of greater restrictions on the implementation …

Perceived Barriers For Implanting Microchips In Humans: A Transnational Study, Christine Perakslis, Katina Michael, M.G. Michael, Robert Gable

Professor Katina Michael

This quantitative, descriptive study investigated if there was a relationship between countries of residence of small business owners (N = 453) within four countries (Australia, India, UK, and the USA) with respect to perceived barriers to RFID (radio frequency identification) transponders being implanted into humans for employee ID. Participants were asked what they believed were the greatest barriers in instituting chip implants for access control in organizations. Participants had six options from which to select. There were significant chi-square analyses reported relative to respondents’ countries and: 1) a perceived barrier of technological issues (χ2 = 11.86, df = 3, p …

An Ethnographic Exploration Of Cultural Communication To Reduce Errors, Luanne Linnard-Palmer

Luanne Linnard-Palmer

Rahna Mckey Carusi Cv, Rahna Carusi

Rahna M Carusi

No abstract provided.