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Symptoms Of Spanish Fantasies: Africa As The Sign Of The Other In Angel Ganivet's Idearium Español And La Conquista Del Reino De Maya , Yaw Agawu-Kakraba Jan 2006

Symptoms Of Spanish Fantasies: Africa As The Sign Of The Other In Angel Ganivet's Idearium Español And La Conquista Del Reino De Maya , Yaw Agawu-Kakraba

Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature

Angel Ganivet's La conquista del reino de Maya (1897, The Conquest of the Realm of Maya) elucidates the aggressive impulse embedded within modern self-consciousness, one that precipitates the need for journeys—linguistic and artistic, as well as authentically colonial—to either the "dark continent" or to the "heart of darkness" to find the irrational Other of the rational modern man. This impulse, however, is not only at the service of individual subjective experience, elevating the ego in relation to a declining awareness of objective or synchronous outside reality. That modernity also precipitated the creation of modern nations, often in conjunction with imperial …


Telling Tales Of War To Teens: Ignacio Martínez De Pisón's Una Guerra Africana And Morocco As "Open Wound" In The Spanish National Imaginary , Silvia Bermúdez Jan 2006

Telling Tales Of War To Teens: Ignacio Martínez De Pisón's Una Guerra Africana And Morocco As "Open Wound" In The Spanish National Imaginary , Silvia Bermúdez

Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature

Exactly ten years after its traumatic defeat in the Spanish-American War of 1898, Spain appeared to find some compensation for the loss of its last colonies by undertaking the invasion of Morocco in 1908. The enterprise proved difficult when the forces of Abd-el-Krim defeated the Spanish army in the summer of 1921. This terrible loss was metaphorized as an "open wound" and entered the collective imagination by becoming a theme in novels such as José Díaz Fernández's El blocao (1928), Ramón Sender's Imán (1930), and Arturo Barea's series La forja de un rebelde (1941-1944). Known as the "Disaster of Annual," …


Jorge Oteiza's Modernity And His Latin American Travels , Marina Pérez De Mendiola Jan 2006

Jorge Oteiza's Modernity And His Latin American Travels , Marina Pérez De Mendiola

Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature

Along with Eduardo Chillida, Jorge Oteiza is one of the best-known Basque sculptors of his generation. Although many scholars have written on Oteiza's significant contribution to the field of sculpture, and have analyzed his theories on the meaning of art, very few take into consideration Oteiza's 13 years in Latin America, much less acknowledge that these years had a decisive impact on his art and particularly on his critical essays and poetry. In this essay, I explore how Oteiza's stay in Latin America contributed to his reevaluation of the avant-garde movements in Europe and Latin America, and how it led …


From The Atlantic To The Pacific: Maruja Mallo In Exile , Shirley Mangini Jan 2006

From The Atlantic To The Pacific: Maruja Mallo In Exile , Shirley Mangini

Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature

Maruja Mallo's life (1902-1995) and art represent one woman's odyssey from the European vanguards to political commitment during the Spanish Republic (1931-1939) and finally to a unique transcendent art form after her wrenching exile from Spain and her residence in Latin America from 1937 to 1965. In her early career she was a leader among the avant-garde painters when few Spanish women were recognized as creative artists. In Latin America, her work diverged radically from European avant-garde trends and from her ideologically oriented subject matter of the 1930s; Mallo not only reflects the impact of her discovery of the Pacific …


Carmen Nestares's Venus En Buenos Aires: Neocolonialist Cyber-Romance, Virtual Lies, And The Transatlantic Queer , Maite Zubiaurre Jan 2006

Carmen Nestares's Venus En Buenos Aires: Neocolonialist Cyber-Romance, Virtual Lies, And The Transatlantic Queer , Maite Zubiaurre

Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature

Carmen Nestares's novel Venus en Buenos Aires (2001) chronicles a transatlantic lesbian love affair between a Spaniard and an Argentinean that begins in cyber-space and culminates in reality. At first, the novel reads "innocently" as an uncomplicated cyber-romance fiction, but once the romance becomes physical after the lovers meet on Latin American soil, certain unsettling elements arise. Online, the Spanish and Argentinean cultures, supposedly "united" by the same language, seem to intermingle easily and graciously, but offline, they are more conflicted, as the Spanish lover adopts a neocolonialist stance. From a distance she considers Argentina a land of capitalist promise …


"Soy Tú. Soy Él": African Immigration And Otherness In The Spanish Collective Conscience, Michael Ugarte Jan 2006

"Soy Tú. Soy Él": African Immigration And Otherness In The Spanish Collective Conscience, Michael Ugarte

Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature

The commonly heard statement "Spain is different" contains a series of contradictions, paradoxes, and questions concerning Iberia's place within the global community, a community that is itself deeply contradictory—more and more the same and yet more and more fragmented. Immigration highlights the sameness/otherness dichotomy in Spanish culture, and the situation of African immigrants has especially caused the Spanish national consciousness an ethical quandary. Here I examine four recent cultural representations of African immigration in Spain—two journalistic works: Mikel Azurmendi's Estampas del Ejido and Antonio Elorza's articles in El País; and two documentary films: Básel Ramsis's El otro lado: un …