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Editor’S Preface, G. Richard Wetherhill

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Time Use By Small Farm Families In Southwest Virginia: An Approach For The Inclusion Of Household In Farming Systems Research And Extension, John S. Caldwell, Michael French Smith, Vicki Karagianis, Ruth D. Harris

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

In this paper we first present an overview of Farming Systems Research and Extension (FSR/E), contrasting the importance placed on the household in the FSRIE conceptual framework with the lack of explicit attention given it in FSR/E methodology. An initial 47-farm survey suggested that female household members play key roles in intensive crop production and off-farm income generation. A time allocation study during May-October, 1982, investigated the roles of female and male household heads and working age children in a representative 10-farm subsample. Results indicated greater women's contributions to livestock-related production activities than originally hypothesized and reduced time spent by …

Use Of Government Services By Low-Income, Rural Residents In Alabama, Gerald C. Wheelock, Joseph Befecadu, Priscilla Salant

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Overparticipation in government programs often receives much publicity, while the question of underparticipation by those eligible is seldom addressed. It is hypothesized that participation rates and reasons for nonparticipation among eligibles are related to household characteristics and county-level variables. A random cluster sample of 251 households in three randomly selected, rural, low-income Alabama counties was surveyed in August and September, 1981. Data analyzed deal with the utilization of food stamps, Medicaid, Medicare, and county health services. It is estimated that needy nonparticipants among eligibles in food stamps are about 22 percent; in Medicaid about 46 percent; in Medicare about 19 …

Beef Cattle Producers Of The Texas Gulf Coast: Characteristics And Production Practices, Howard Ladewig, Ray Garibay

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Agricultural production in Texas and the nation has been characterized by two major trends: farms are getting larger in size and fewer in number, and more farmers are seeking off-farm employment. For those who remain in farming, technology is becoming more complex, the industry is becoming more highly structured, and the market for their agricultural products is being affected by international events. Today's farmers must have strong managerial skills and be aware of modern agricultural technologies if they are to succeed. The purpose here is to identify and measure characteristics of ranchers and related activities as organizational units; and to …

An Analysis Of The Impact Of Industrial Development In Selected Counties In South Carolina, Marguerite R. Howie, Robert L. Phillips, Sharon L. Wade

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Industrial development can provide hope and opportunity for residents of a community. Whether advantageous or not, it brings about various community changes such as job opportunities, population growth, higher tax base and the need for more public utilities. It is questionable as to whether industrialization alleviates or causes social, economic and political problems. Furthermore, the previously mentioned changes may also affect a community/county when an industry leaves the area. Industrialization prompts a need for researchers to focus on the impact of industry within rural/urban counties, such as Charleston, Colleton, Edgefield, Greenville, Horry, Jasper, Richland, and York. In an effort to …

Position And Prospects Of Black Farmers In The South, Surendra P. Singh

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Almost 94 percent of black farms in the United States have been lost since 1920, and the remaining 57,271 farms constituted only 2.3 percent of all farms in 1978. Most (95 percent) black farm operators were located in the South. However, they constituted only 5.4 percent of all farm operators in the South. Since 1959, there have been some dramatic changes not only in the number of black farms but in their composition also. Ninety three percent of the South's black farmers were small, both in size and product sales, and they operated only 1.4 percent of all operated land. …

List Of Reviewers, G. Richard Wetherhill

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Demographic Trends And Consumer Demand For Agricultural Products, Patricia Knight Guseman, Stephen G. Sapp

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Food consumption patterns affected by macro-level population characteristics are examined with respect to projected demographic trends. Standard demand models based on price and income are enhanced to reflect impacts of total population, household size, and regional population distribution. These models provide baseline information for illustrating effects on food demand under different social-demographic scenarios, such as changes in population size, regional migration pat terns, and changes in household size, composition, and income growth, rates. Likely demographic projections show a greater proportional effect of total population, household size, and regional shifts on food demand than income for some commodities and for total …

Sociodemographic Predictors Of Rural Poverty: A Regional Analysis, Alton Thompson, Betty J. Traub, Randall P. White

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

The focus of the present study is to determine the extent to which the socio-demographic variables of education, occupation, number of children, race, sex, age, and willingness to travel for employment and predictors of a rural family's level of poverty. Discriminant analysis is employed to assess the accuracy of these variables in - discriminating between poor and nonpoor families randomly selected from thirty low income, rural counties in ten contiguous southeastern states. The results are supportive of previous studies as these variables are found to be statistically significant discriminants between the poor and the nonpoor. The profile of a rural …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 10, No. 4 (November 1983)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Introduction - MICHAEL REISCH, STANLEY WENOCUR
• The Social Work Service Commodity in the Inflationary 80's - HAROLD LEWIS
• Reaganomics and the Welfare State - MIMI ABRAMVITZ, TOM HOPKINS
• Reagan, Pickle and Pepper: The Benefit Reduction Versus Voluntary Approach to Encouraging later Retirement - ERIC R. KINGSON
• The Politics of Mental Health After Care - STEVE ROSE
• Seven Voices From One Organization: What Does It Mean? - JANICE PERIMAN
• A Note On Voethogenic Harm: The Politics of Science and the Professions - WARREN C. HAGGSTROM
• Alienation Among Social Service Workers and Integration Into the Social Services - JOHN …

Reagan, Pickle And Pepper: The Benefit Reduction Versus Voluntary Approach To Encouraging Later Retirement, Eric R. Kingson

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The degree to which benefit reduction and voluntary approaches to encouraging later retirement maximize four different and often conflicting policy objectives is assessed as are costs and benefits of these approaches to healthy and unhealthy older workers, minorities and women. While both approaches encourage later retirement, there are clear differences in the approaches in terms of meeting the goal of financing Social Security versus adequacy and social equity

Alienation Among Social Service Workers And Integration Into The Social Services, John F. Longres

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This study is concerned with objective alienation experienced by social service workers. To help understand this phenomenon, a Marxian sociological perspective will be used.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 10, No. 3 (September 1983)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Social Action Organization Participation and Personal Change in the Poor: Part II - ROBERT D. HERMAN
• Ideology In Social Welfare Policy Instruction: An Examination of Required Readings - PAUL LYONS
• Client Privacy and Social Work: A Comparison by Agency Function
• LINDA R. HOGAN, MARY SKI HUNTER, M. COLEEN SHANNON
• Case Law and Social Welfare: A Framework for Analysis - JAN L. HAGEN
• The Coordination Dimensions Scale: A Tool to Assess Interorganizational Relationships - STANLEY BLOSTEIN
• The Non-Orthodox Cancer Therapy Movement: Emergent Organization in Health Care Crisis - JOSEPH BEHAR
• The Use of Telephone Surveys In Human Service …

The Wife Of The Alcoholic; Sexist Stereotypes In The Alcoholism Literature, James T. Decker, John Redhourse, Roberta D. Green, Richard Starrett

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Current alcoholism literature, alcoholism education, and alcoholism treatment suggests that the wife of the alcoholic is every bit as sick (physically, mentally, and spiritually) as her practicing alcoholic husband. How did we come to this view of the wife of the alcoholic?

This paper will review 1) how the wife of the alcoholic has been regarded over the years; 2) how these portraits of the wife of the alcoholic that appeared in the scholarly literature have influenced current thinking and treatment, and 3) how this body of literature and the popular concepts of the wife of the alcoholic that evolved …

Notes On A Forgotten Black Social Worker And Sociologist: George Edmund Haynes, Iris Carlton-La Ney

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper highlights the career of Dr. George Edmund Haynes, a pioneer sociologist and social worker. It places Haynes in a historical context examining his professional contributions during the early 1900s. Haynes' professional activities reflected the Progressive Era's emphasis on scientific research and social justice. Although he received some recognition as a sociologist and social worker, his contributions were relegated generally to the periphery of both the discipline of sociology and the field of social work.

Social Action Organization Participation And Personal Change In The Poor: Part Ii, Robert D. Herman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In Part I (Herman, 1982) evidence bearing on the hypothesis that participation by the poor in social action organizations results in personal change was reviewed and found to be inconsistent and open to diverse Interpretations. In Part I It was observed that not all socizi action organizations are al ike and, thus, that participation is also of varied kinds and extents and may have different consequences for personal change. A typology of social action organizations forms (developed in Part I ) is used here to comparatively classify information on organizational characteristics and personal change drawn from eleven case studIes. The …

The Intersection Of Political Culture And Fiscal Federalism: State Block Grants In Alabama, David Sink, Michele Wilson

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Political culture and intergovernmental relations together shape specific policy actions of a state government within the constraints of its economic condition. Although financial resources provided a state government strongly influence the level of its policy outputs, the political and administrative dynamics appear to affect the exact nature of that policy. A case study of state block grant implementation in the state of Alabama provides an opportunity to observe these variables in action. In particular, the prominent role played by the executive branch appears to have influenced strongly the decisions made concerning social services, health policy, and community development.

Social Work Pac's And State Social Work Associations Purpose, History, And Action Strategies, Gary Mathews

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Social work as a profession has only recently become politically active. One consequence of this interest in the political process has been the proliferation of political action committees as creatures of the National Association of Social Workers and its state chapters. Social work PAC's are a key ingredient necessary to enable the profession to influence public policy. Perhaps because political action committees are new to NASW, or perhaps because NASW is new to politics, very little has been written about the history, purpose or strategic implications of these committees.

This paper will trace the development and operation of PAC's and …

Political Symbolism In Juvenile Justice: Reforming Florida's Juvenile Detention Criteria, C. Aaron Mcneece, Mark Ezell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A recent reform in Florida's juvenile detention criteria was over-turned during the subsequent legislative session. This paper describes both the initial reform and its reversal and suggests that symbolic political rewards may often be more important than the actual consequences of a policy. Recommendations are made for accomplishing policy reform in a traditional political culture.

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 10, No. 2 (June 1983)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• State and Regional Politics: Introduction - TIMOTHY W. LAUSE
• Welfare Spending in the American States: A Comparative Perspective - W. JOS HEFFERNAN
• Disinnovation in the American States: Policy Toward Health System Agencies - KEITH MUELLER, JOHN COHER
• Policy Traditions in American State Politics - ROBERT L. SAVAGE
• The Intersection of Political Culture and Fiscal Federalism: State Block Grants in Alabama, DAVID SINK, NICHEL. WILSON
• Political Symbolism in Juvenile Justice: Reforming Florida's Juvenile Detention Criteria
• C. AARON McNEECE, MICHELE WILSON
• Legislative Evaluation of Social Welfare Programs: The Processes and Consequences - PATRICIA K. FREEMAN, WILLIAM LYONS
• Staff Activities …

An Advocacy Approach For More Effective Program Delivery And Coordination: A Case Study Of Maine's Housing Rehab Techs, Kenneth K. Ahn, James F. Horan, G. Thomas Taylor

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A detailed case analysis of the Maine Housing Rehabilitation Project provides an exploratory observation of the innovative use of human resources at the federal, state and regional levels through an evolutionary development process of housing rehabilitation technicians. Functioning largely as advocate planners and human service delivery administrators through self-expanded roles, these individuals were able to promote change in the context of this intergovernmental environment. The analysis presented here reveals findings of intrastate regional differences between the urban and rural areas. Low income citizens appear to be the main beneficiaries of a proactive style of leadership that was performed by the …

Alternative Service Delivery Strategies: Factors In States' Decision Making, Harold W. Demone Jr., Margaret Gibelman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article focuses on the range of choices and factors affecting state level decision making about how human services are to be delivered. In light of the dual thrusts of decentralization and privatization, the viability of public-private partnerships through contracting for services is explored. Among the significant factors affecting decisions about alternative forms of service delivery are: political and fiscal preferences; the strength of organized labor; the role and availability of the private service sector and history with purchase of service. The advantages and disadvantages attributed to a contracting model for delivering services are unlikely to be argued from an …

Black Appalachian Families, Arthur J. Cox

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The black family in America has been subjected to social change more than the family of any other racial or ethnic group. An overview of its adjustment through successive crises of African transplantation, slavery, sudden emancipation, migration to cities and the vicissitudes of second-class citizenship help in understanding the black family's contemporary forms. The black family of Appalachia faces yet another problem - (INVISIBILITY)

Adult Foster Care: Its Tenuous Position On The Care Continuum, Ruth E. Dunkle

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Frequently any move away from independent living for an elderly person is viewed as a downhill road to the nursing home and ultimate death. Adult foster care has been viewed as one such step closer to institutionalization. Service provision to the elderly needs to be viewed on a continuum where the elderly are seen as being capable of moving in and out of supportive living arrangements when the need arises. Barriers to providing this care are identified with future needs highlighted.

Reaganism And The Poor Family: Life On Afdc After The Budget Cuts, Norman L. Wyers, Robert C. Holloway

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Recent changes in federal and state welfare policies have had negative consequences for public welfare recipients. This paper summarizes a study which focused on the impact of these policy changes on the AFDC population in the most populous region of Oregon. Of particular importance are the changes in income levels, employment, and social service utilization of recipients. Personal reactions of recipients are also reviewed, as are expectations for the future. The differential economic impact of the policy changes on various categories of recipients is stressed.

Racial Change Or Racial Stabilization: Policy And Process At A Neighborhood Level, John D. Morrison

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Housing segregation and integration are areas of great concern to all citizens. Public policy in the past favored segregation, and while formal policy now favors integration, relatively little is done to implement this policy.

Social science data in the area of residential integration have often been used to foster the status quo by misinterpretation or selective use. This paper reviews some of these data and suggests some principles for practitioners who wish to enhance the potential for integration.

A comprehensive view of a neighborhood should be taken rather than examining only racial factors. Families choose to enter or leave a …

A Comparison Of Social Service Workers' And The Public's Views Of Nursing Home Characteristics, Lucinda Lee Roff

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Using the determinant attribute model, this study examined and compared the criteria which 277 social service workers and 842 members of a general population would employ in selecting a nursing home. The results suggested substantial differences between the two groups in selection criteria. Implications of these results and of the use of the determinant attribute model as an aid to practice are discussed.

Will A Private War On Poverty Succeed? The Case Of The St. Louis Provident Association, Robert H. Lauer, Jeanette C. Lauer

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In view of the current emphasis on private approaches to social problem resolution, it is instructive to look at private efforts of the past. The St. Louis Provident Association was a private effort to deal with poverty. It was organized in 1860 to provide relief for the "needy and distressed." Data on the volunteer leaders of the association and on the people who were actually helped show a number of things about the 19th-century effort to deal with poverty. First, the volunteers were upwardly- mobile business and professional men who were concerned about the stability of their society. Second, the …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 10, No. 1 (March 1983)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Reaganism and the Poor Family: Life on AFDC After the Budget Cuts - NORMAN L. WYERS, ROBERT C. HOLLOWAY
• Will A Private War on Poverty Succeed? The Case of the St. Louis Provident Association - ROBERT H. LAUER, JEANETTE C. LAUER
• Racial Change or Racial Stabilization: Policy and Process at A Neighborhood Level - JOHN D. MORRISON
• The Service Orientations of Social Service Administrators: Towards a Normative Model - WALTER LAMENDOLA, PATRICIA YANCEY MARTIN
• Adult Foster Care: Its Tenuous Position on The Care Continuum - RUTH E. DUNKLE
• Social Workers Who Left the Profession: An Exploratory Study …

Social Class And Crime In An Adoption Cohort, Katherine Teilmann Van Dusen, Sarnoff A. Mednick, William F. Jr. Gabrielli, Barry Hutchings

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.