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Articles 1 - 30 of 34
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The Effect Of Early Maltreatment, Victimization, And Partner Violence On Hiv Risk Behavior Among Homeless Young Adults, Lisa A. Melander, Kimberly A. Tyler
The Effect Of Early Maltreatment, Victimization, And Partner Violence On Hiv Risk Behavior Among Homeless Young Adults, Lisa A. Melander, Kimberly A. Tyler
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Purpose: The purpose of our study was to examine the relationship between child maltreatment, physical and sexual victimization, and partner violence victimization with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors among a sample of homeless young adults from the midwestern United States.
Methods: Data are from the Homeless Young Adult Project. A total of 199 young adults aged 19–26 years were interviewed over 14 months using a systematic sampling strategy. The final sample included 172 young adults who were homeless or had a history of running away and being homeless.
Results: Results from the path analysis revealed that sexual abuse is …
The Civilizing Process And Its Discontents: Suicide And Crimes Against Persons In France, 1825–1830, Hugh P. Whitt
The Civilizing Process And Its Discontents: Suicide And Crimes Against Persons In France, 1825–1830, Hugh P. Whitt
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
A spatial analysis of data for French départements assembled in the 1830s by André-Michel Guerry and Adolphe d’Angeville examines the impacts of modernization and resistance to governmental “Frenchification” policies on measures of violence and its direction. In the context of Unnithan et al.’s integrated model of suicide and homicide, high suicide rates in the northern core and a predilection for violence against others in the southern periphery may be consistently interpreted in terms of theories of the civilizing process and internal colonialism. Alternative explanations of southern violence in 19th-century France are explored and rejected, and additional theoretical applications are suggested.
Experienced And Vicarious Victimization: Do Social Support And Self-Esteem Prevent Delinquent Responses?, Lisa A. Kort-Butler
Experienced And Vicarious Victimization: Do Social Support And Self-Esteem Prevent Delinquent Responses?, Lisa A. Kort-Butler
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
This article extended research that views violent victimization as a stressor that may lead to delinquency. Following general strain theory, the analysis considered the mediating role of fearfulness, depression, and anxiety. The analysis also examined whether social support and self-esteem conditioned the relationship between victimization and delinquency. Results indicated that negative emotions did not substantially mediate the effect of victimization on delinquency. Among those with lower levels of both social support and self-esteem, experiencing violent victimization and witnessing victimization led to general delinquency. Victimization was unrelated to general delinquency among those with higher levels of both these resources. Experiencing victimization …
Birth Weight, Cognitive Development, And Life Chances: A Comparison Of Siblings From Childhood Into Early Adulthood, Jacob Cheadle, Bridget J. Goosby
Birth Weight, Cognitive Development, And Life Chances: A Comparison Of Siblings From Childhood Into Early Adulthood, Jacob Cheadle, Bridget J. Goosby
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Child Sample (CNLSY79), we sought to elaborate the complex interplay between childhood health and educational development over the early life course. Our approach made use of sibling comparisons to estimate the relationship between birth weight, cognitive development, and timely high school completion in models that spanned childhood, adolescence, and into early adulthood. Our findings indicated that lower birth weight, even after adjusting for fixed-family characteristics and aspects of the home environment that varied between siblings, was associated with decreased cognitive skills at age 5 and marginally significantly slower growth rates into …
Advice When Children Come Out: The Cultural “Tool Kits” Of Parents, Karin A. Martin, David J. Hutson, Emily Kazyak, Kristin S. Scherrer
Advice When Children Come Out: The Cultural “Tool Kits” Of Parents, Karin A. Martin, David J. Hutson, Emily Kazyak, Kristin S. Scherrer
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
The family is one of the main areas of social life where the normalization of gay and lesbian identity is incomplete. Most research analyzes the individual and psychological aspects of how families respond to children’s disclosure of a gay or lesbian identity and ignores the social, cultural, and historical contexts. An examination of the cultural discourses, tools, and strategies that are available to parents is necessary for a full understanding of how families respond to gay and lesbian children. The authors conduct an interpretive content analysis of 29 advice books to assess this cultural field and its institutional resources. They …
A Comparison Of Homeless And High-Risk Young Adults: Are They One And The Same?, Kimberly A. Tyler, Katherine A. Johnson, Lisa A. Melander
A Comparison Of Homeless And High-Risk Young Adults: Are They One And The Same?, Kimberly A. Tyler, Katherine A. Johnson, Lisa A. Melander
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Although experiencing poor parenting has been linked to high-risk behaviors and negative outcomes among different populations, very little research has been conducted on whether inadequate parenting has the same detrimental consequences for homeless and high-risk young adults. As such, this article compares homeless and marginally housed young adults to see if the associations between poor parenting (e.g. lower monitoring, neglect and physical abuse) and negative outcomes including depressive symptoms, victimization, delinquency, and substance use are similar for these two groups. The sample consisted of 199 homeless and high-risk young adults from the Midwestern United States. Multivariate results revealed that childhood …
Foster Care Placement, Poor Parenting, And Negative Outcomes Among Homeless Young Adults, Kimberly A. Tyler, Lisa A. Melander
Foster Care Placement, Poor Parenting, And Negative Outcomes Among Homeless Young Adults, Kimberly A. Tyler, Lisa A. Melander
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Although homeless youth with and without foster care histories both face adverse life circumstances, little is known about how these two groups compare in terms of their early histories and whether they face similar outcomes. As such, we compared those with and without a history of foster care placement to determine if the associations between a history of poor parenting and negative outcomes including depression, delinquency, physical and sexual victimization, and substance use, are similar for these two groups. The sample consisted of 172 homeless young adults from the Midwestern United States. Multivariate results revealed that among those previously in …
“Trying” Times: Medicalization, Intent, And Ambiguity In The Definition Of Infertility, Arthur L. Greil, Julia Mcquillan
“Trying” Times: Medicalization, Intent, And Ambiguity In The Definition Of Infertility, Arthur L. Greil, Julia Mcquillan
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Researchers studying infertility from the perspective of anthropology and other the social sciences seldom examine the assumptions embedded in the biomedical definition of infertility. Implicit in the biomedical definition is the assumption that people can be divided straightforwardly into those who are trying to conceive and those who are not trying to conceive. If being infertile implies “intent to conceive,” we must recognize that there are various degrees of intent and that the line between the fertile and the infertile is not as sharp as is usually imagined. Drawing on structured interview data collected from a random sample of Midwestern …
Using The Internet To Survey Small Towns And Communities: Limitations And Possibilities In The Early 21st Century, Jolene D. Smyth, Don A. Dillman, Leah Melani Christian, Allison C. O'Neill
Using The Internet To Survey Small Towns And Communities: Limitations And Possibilities In The Early 21st Century, Jolene D. Smyth, Don A. Dillman, Leah Melani Christian, Allison C. O'Neill
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Researchers who are interested in small towns and rural communities in the United States often find that they need to conduct their own sample surveys because many large national surveys, such as the American Community Survey, do not collect enough representative responses to make precise estimates. In collecting their own survey data, researchers face a number of challenges, such as sampling and coverage limitations. This article summarizes those challenges and tests mail and Internet methodologies for collecting data in small towns and rural communities using the U.S. Postal Service’s Delivery Sequence File as a sample frame. Findings indicate that the …
Specifying The Effects Of Religion On Medical Helpseeking: The Case Of Infertility, Arthur L. Greil, Julia Mcquillan, Maureen Benjamins, David R. Johnson, Katherine M. Johnson, Chelsea R. Heinz
Specifying The Effects Of Religion On Medical Helpseeking: The Case Of Infertility, Arthur L. Greil, Julia Mcquillan, Maureen Benjamins, David R. Johnson, Katherine M. Johnson, Chelsea R. Heinz
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Several recent studies have examined the connection between religion and medical service utilization. This relationship is complicated because religiosity may be associated with beliefs that either promote or hinder medical helpseeking. The current study uses structural equation modeling to examine the relationship between religion and fertility-related helpseeking using a probability sample of 2183 infertile women in the United States. We found that, although religiosity is not directly associated with helpseeking for infertility, it is indirectly associated through mediating variables that operate in opposing directions. More specifically, religiosity is associated with greater belief in the importance of motherhood, which in turn …
Using Proxy Measures And Other Correlates Of Survey Outcomes To Adjust For Non-Response: Examples From Multiple Surveys, Frauke Kreuter, Kristen M. Olson, James Wagner, Ting Yan, Trena M. Ezzati-Rice, Carolina Casas-Cordero, Michael Lemay, Andy Peytchev, Robert M. Groves, Trivellore E. Raghunathan
Using Proxy Measures And Other Correlates Of Survey Outcomes To Adjust For Non-Response: Examples From Multiple Surveys, Frauke Kreuter, Kristen M. Olson, James Wagner, Ting Yan, Trena M. Ezzati-Rice, Carolina Casas-Cordero, Michael Lemay, Andy Peytchev, Robert M. Groves, Trivellore E. Raghunathan
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Non-response weighting is a commonly used method to adjust for bias due to unit non-response in surveys. Theory and simulations show that, to reduce bias effectively without increasing variance, a covariate that is used for non-response weighting adjustment needs to be highly associated with both the response indicator and the survey outcome variable. In practice, these requirements pose a challenge that is often overlooked, because those covariates are often not observed or may not exist. Surveys have recently begun to collect supplementary data, such as interviewer observations and other proxy measures of key survey outcome variables. To the extent that …
Patterns Of Nonresident Father Contact*, Jacob E. Cheadle, Paul R. Amato, Valarie King
Patterns Of Nonresident Father Contact*, Jacob E. Cheadle, Paul R. Amato, Valarie King
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
We used the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort (NLSY79) from 1979 to 2002 and the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (CNLSY) from 1986 to 2002 to describe the number, shape, and population frequencies of U.S. nonresident father contact trajectories over a 14-year period using growth mixture models. The resulting four-category classification indicated that nonresident father involvement is not adequately characterized by a single population with a monotonic pattern of declining contact over time. Contrary to expectations, about two-thirds of fathers were consistently either highly involved or rarely involved in their children’s lives. Only one group, …
Jacob Singer (1883-1964): Bio-Bibliography Of A Jewish-Latvian-Nebraskan Sociologist, Michael R. Hill, Natalja Callahan
Jacob Singer (1883-1964): Bio-Bibliography Of A Jewish-Latvian-Nebraskan Sociologist, Michael R. Hill, Natalja Callahan
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
The professional life of Jacob Singer was deeply entwined with religion and thus exemplifies the sociological life histories of many early sociologists in the United States and elsewhere. Numerous Protestant sociologists, such as Charles A. Ellwood (1988) and the religious men of the early Chicago School, e.g., Albion Small, Charles R. Henderson, George Vincent and Charles Zeublin (Deegan 1988: 71- 104), interpenetrated the boundaries between sociology and religion as did several Catholic sociologists, including, for example, Eva J. Ross (Hill 1999) and the members of the Christus Rex Society in Ireland (Daly 2006). Adding to the religious diversity of this …
Age, Period, And Cohort Effects On U.S. Religious Service Attendance: The Declining Impact Of Sex, Southern Residence, And Catholic Affiliation, Philip Schwadel
Age, Period, And Cohort Effects On U.S. Religious Service Attendance: The Declining Impact Of Sex, Southern Residence, And Catholic Affiliation, Philip Schwadel
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
I use repeated, cross-sectional data from 1972 to 2006 to analyze age, period, and cohort effects on Americans’ frequency of religious service attendance with cross-classified, random-effects models. The results show that the frequency of religious service attendance is relatively stable, with a modest period-based decline in the 1990s and little overall cohort effect. Although aggregate rates of attendance are stable, there are large changes across cohorts and periods in differences in attendance between men and women, southerners and non-southerners, and Catholics and mainline Protestants. These results serve as a reminder that aggregate trends can mask substantial changes among specific groups, …
Thomas Carlyle’S Lost Translation Of Saint-Simon’S Nouveau Christianisme: An Epistolary Account, Michael R. Hill
Thomas Carlyle’S Lost Translation Of Saint-Simon’S Nouveau Christianisme: An Epistolary Account, Michael R. Hill
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
The first-known (and now lost) translation of Saint-Simon’s Nouveau christianisme was prepared by the well-known Scotch-born prose writer, Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881). Carlyle was considerably interested in the Saint- Simonian movement (Cofer 1931; Murphy 1936; Shine 1941) and undertook to translate Saint-Simon’s last work during the latter half of 1830. The following excerpts from Carlyle’s correspondence reveal that he was unable to find a willing publisher for his translation, and the manuscript subsequently disappeared, presumably in France. This unfortunate chain of events accounts in part for the circumstance that Nouveau christianisme was not better-known among Englishspeaking sociologists and lay readers. Although …
Assessing Key Informant Methodology In Congregational Research, Philip Schwadel, Kevin D. Dougherty
Assessing Key Informant Methodology In Congregational Research, Philip Schwadel, Kevin D. Dougherty
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Surveying key informants is a common methodology in congregational research. While practical and cost-effective, there are limitations in the ability of a single informant to speak for an entire organization. This paper explores potential limitations empirically. Using the 1993 American Congregational Giving Study, we compare demographic descriptions provided by pastors to demographic information taken from random samples of members in the same congregations. Significant differences in congregational profiles appear along dimensions of gender, age, race/ethnicity and, most notably, education and income. The amount of discrepancy between pastor and member profiles varies by congregational factors such as denominational affiliation and employment …
Pregnancy Intentions Among Women Who Do Not Try: Focusing On Women Who Are Okay Either Way, Julia Mcquillan, Arthur L. Greil, Karina M. Shreffler
Pregnancy Intentions Among Women Who Do Not Try: Focusing On Women Who Are Okay Either Way, Julia Mcquillan, Arthur L. Greil, Karina M. Shreffler
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Objectives: Are women who are intentional about pregnancy (trying to or trying not to get pregnant) systematically different from women who are “okay either way” about getting pregnant?
Methods. We use a currently sexually active subsample (n = 3,771) of the National Survey of Fertility Barriers, a random digit dialing telephone survey of reproductive-aged women (ages 25–45) in the United States. We compare women who are trying to, trying not to, or okay either way about getting pregnant on attitudes, social pressures, life course and status characteristics using bivariate analyses (chi-square tests for categorical and ANOVA tests for continuous variables). …
The Life Course Perspective And African American Adolescent Development In The Family, Bridget J. Goosby
The Life Course Perspective And African American Adolescent Development In The Family, Bridget J. Goosby
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
African Americans remain disproportionately represented in the low-income population, and there is a sizable literature addressing the influence of these circumstances on family well-being. There is, however, an increasing need for the integration of the life course perspective into research on economically disadvantaged African American families as they continue to be vulnerable to deleterious mental health outcomes and lower life chances. This article discusses the tenets of the life course perspective followed by a summary of the research on economically disadvantaged African American families and their adolescent youth’s developmental outcomes. In addition, new emerging areas of research are discussed. In …
Parental Timing And Depressive Symptoms In Early Adulthood, Christina D. Falci, Jeylan Mortimer, Harmonijoie Noel
Parental Timing And Depressive Symptoms In Early Adulthood, Christina D. Falci, Jeylan Mortimer, Harmonijoie Noel
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Using data from a panel of 459 women, we find that early parents (birth) report higher levels of depressive symptoms in young adulthood (roughly age 29) compared to later parents (first birth in their 20s) or nonparents. Early parenting is also associated with more stressors and fewer resources in young adulthood. As young adults, early parents have lower educational attainment, less secure employment and a weaker sense of personal control; they also experience greater financial strain and more traumatic life events than later and nonparents. By the end of their 20s, early parents are also more likely to be single …
The New Homelessness Revisited, Barrett A. Lee, Kimberly A. Tyler, James D. Wright
The New Homelessness Revisited, Barrett A. Lee, Kimberly A. Tyler, James D. Wright
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
The new homelessness has drawn sustained attention from scholars over the past three decades. Definitional inconsistencies and data limitations rendered early work during this period largely speculative in nature. Thanks to conceptual, theoretical, and methodological progress, however, the research literature now provides a fuller understanding of homelessness. Contributions by sociologists and other social scientists since the mid-1990s differentiate among types of homelessness, provide credible demographic estimates, and show how being homeless affects a person’s life chances and coping strategies. Agreement also exists about the main macro- and micro-level causes of homelessness. Active lines of inquiry examine public, media, and governmental …
The Effect Of Drug And Sexual Risk Behaviors With Social Network And Non-Network Members On Homeless Youths’ Sexually Transmissible Infections And Hiv Testing, Kimberly A. Tyler, Lisa A. Melander
The Effect Of Drug And Sexual Risk Behaviors With Social Network And Non-Network Members On Homeless Youths’ Sexually Transmissible Infections And Hiv Testing, Kimberly A. Tyler, Lisa A. Melander
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Background — The study examined whether engaging in drug and sexual risk behaviors with social network and non-network members (strangers) differentially affected the decision to test for sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and HIV. Methods — A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 249 homeless youths aged 14–21 years. Results — Multivariate analyses revealed that females were over three times more likely than males to test for STIs (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.34; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.54–7.25). For every one unit increase in age, there was a 37% increase in the likelihood of having tested for STIs (AOR = …
How Much Of Interviewer Variance Is Really Nonresponse Error Variance?, Brady T. West, Kristen Olson
How Much Of Interviewer Variance Is Really Nonresponse Error Variance?, Brady T. West, Kristen Olson
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Kish’s (1962) classical intra-interviewer correlation (ρint) provides survey researchers with an estimate of the effect of interviewers on variation in measurements of a survey variable of interest. This correlation is an undesirable product of the data collection process that can arise when answers from respondents interviewed by the same interviewer are more similar to each other than answers from other respondents, decreasing the precision of survey estimates. Estimation of this parameter, however, uses only respondent data. The potential contribution of variance in nonresponse errors between interviewers to the estimation of ρint has been largely ignored. Responses …
The Experience Of Infertility: A Review Of Recent Literature, Arthur L. Greil, Kathleen Slauson-Blevins, Julia Mcquillan
The Experience Of Infertility: A Review Of Recent Literature, Arthur L. Greil, Kathleen Slauson-Blevins, Julia Mcquillan
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
About 10 years ago Greil published a review and critique of the literature on the socio-psychological impact of infertility. He found at the time that most scholars treated infertility as a medical condition with psychological consequences rather than as a socially constructed reality. This article examines research published since the last review. More studies now place infertility within larger social contexts and social scientific frameworks although clinical emphases persist. Methodological problems remain but important improvements are also evident. We identify two vigorous research traditions in the social scientific study of infertility. One tradition uses primarily quantitative techniques to study clinic …
Bidirectional, Unidirectional, And Nonviolence: A Comparison Of The Predictors Among Partnered Young Adults, Lisa A. Melander, Harmonijoie Noel, Kimberly A. Tyler
Bidirectional, Unidirectional, And Nonviolence: A Comparison Of The Predictors Among Partnered Young Adults, Lisa A. Melander, Harmonijoie Noel, Kimberly A. Tyler
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
In order to understand more fully the context and impact of intimate partner violence (IPV), it is important to make distinctions between different types of relationship aggression. As such, the current study longitudinally examines the differential effects of childhood, adolescent, and demographic factors on three different partner violence groups: those who experience bidirectional IPV, those who experience unidirectional IPV, and those who do not experience either form of IPV. Multinomial logistic regression results reveal that depressive symptoms and lower partner education predict bidirectional when compared to unidirectional IPV and nonviolence. In contrast, other risk factors such as illicit drug use …
Book Review: Out In The Country: Youth, Media, And Queer Visibility In Rural America By Mary Gray, Emily Kazyak
Book Review: Out In The Country: Youth, Media, And Queer Visibility In Rural America By Mary Gray, Emily Kazyak
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Gray’s book is a provocative analysis of how rural LGBT youth and their allies organize and create queer identities and networks – in “brick and mortar” structures as well as through engagement with new media. Gray does a wonderful job of providing a balance between detailing rich stories from the ethnographic fieldwork and offering academic analyses. Thus, this a suitable book for undergraduate and graduate level courses in LGBT studies, rural education, media, qualitative methods, and social movements. Additionally, this book will no doubt contribute to a rethinking of what it means to be LGBT in the country and how …
Charlotte Perkins Gilman And The Entrepreneurial Turn: A Working Introduction, Michael R. Hill
Charlotte Perkins Gilman And The Entrepreneurial Turn: A Working Introduction, Michael R. Hill
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Charlotte Perkins Gilman, lived from 1860 to 1935 — the same years as did Jane Addams. Gilman was an American, a pioneering sociologist, an influential feminist pragmatist, a peripatetic lecturer, a prolific author, and a friend of Addams. Although Gilman died in 1935, she remains today a provocative sociological presence whose writings continue to make us think, argue, and question our preconceptions. This paper explores the entrepreneurial basis of Gilman’s life as a professional sociologist, including her work as an artist, public speaker, and writer. Gilman promoted the core ideas that (1) humanness trumps sexual difference, (2) social logic is …
Jewish Teenagers’ Syncretism, Philip Schwadel
Jewish Teenagers’ Syncretism, Philip Schwadel
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
With the rapid rise of Jewish interfaith marriage and the migration of Jews away from traditional Jewish neighborhoods, many Jewish teenagers in the U.S. have little interaction with other Jews and little exposure to the Jewish religion. Here I use National Study of Youth and Religion survey data to examine Jewish teenagers’ syncretism or acceptance of different religious forms. The results show that Jewish teens are more syncretic than other teens, and that variations in religious activity, an emphasis on personal religiosity, and living in an interfaith home explain some of the difference in syncretism between Jewish and non-Jewish teens. …
Self Injurious Behavior Among Homeless Young Adults: A Social Stress Analysis, Kimberly A. Tyler, Lisa A. Melander, Elbert P. Almazan
Self Injurious Behavior Among Homeless Young Adults: A Social Stress Analysis, Kimberly A. Tyler, Lisa A. Melander, Elbert P. Almazan
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Although self-mutilation has been studied from medical and individual perspectives, it has rarely been examined within a social stress context. As such, we use a social stress framework to examine risk factors for self-mutilation to determine whether status strains that are often associated with poorer health outcomes in the general population are also associated with self-mutilation among a sample of young adults in the United States who have a history of homelessness. Data are drawn from the Homeless Young Adult Project which involved interviews with 199 young adults in 3 Midwestern United States cities. The results of our path analyses …
The High-Risk Environment Of Homeless Young Adults: Consequences For Physical And Sexual Victimization, Kimberly A. Tyler, Morgan R. Beal
The High-Risk Environment Of Homeless Young Adults: Consequences For Physical And Sexual Victimization, Kimberly A. Tyler, Morgan R. Beal
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Little is known about how the social environment of homeless youth contributes to their risk and how it varies for different types of victimization. As such, the current study examines the constructs of victimization theories in order to investigate the potential risk for physical and sexual victimization among homeless young adults. Results revealed that running at an earlier age, running more often, sleeping on the street, panhandling, deviant peers associations, and not having a family member in one’s network are associated with more physical victimization. Being female, a sexual minority, having an unkempt physical appearance, panhandling, and having friends who …
Splitting The Academy: The Emotions Of Intersectionality At Work, Helen A. Moore, Katherine Acosta, Gary Perry, Crystal Edwards
Splitting The Academy: The Emotions Of Intersectionality At Work, Helen A. Moore, Katherine Acosta, Gary Perry, Crystal Edwards
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Using labor market theory, we assess how we have constructed the teaching of required courses on diversity, with the potential splitting of the academy into distinctive labor markets. In-depth interviews with instructors of color and nonminorities who teach required diversity-education courses at a predominately white university are qualitatively assessed and describe the differences in the emotional labor attached to this segmented academic market.We identify specific dimensions of diversity teaching that attach to the job conditions of secondary labor markets, including the distortion of work loads and evidence of differential barriers in the emotional labor attached. These labor market conditions may …