Cultural Variation In Implicit Independence: An Extension Of Kitayama Et Al., Jiyoung Park, Yukiko Uchida, Shinobu Kitayama
Feb 2015
Cultural Variation In Implicit Independence: An Extension Of Kitayama Et Al., Jiyoung Park, Yukiko Uchida, Shinobu Kitayama
Jiyoung Park
Previous research shows that European Americans are consistently more independent (or less interdependent) than Japanese when implicit indices are used to assess independence (vs. interdependence). The present work extended this evidence by including a novel implicit association test (IAT), as an index of implicit attitude towards independence and interdependence. Consistent with the previous findings, as compared to Japanese, Americans were significantly higher in multiple indices of implicit independence (vs. interdependence) including personal (vs. social) self-definition, experience of disengaging (vs. engaging) emotions and personal (vs. social) form of happiness. Furthermore, as compared to Japanese, Americans had a significantly more positive implicit …
Passive Facebook Usage Undermines Affective Wellbeing: Experimental And Longitudinal Evidence, Jiyoung Park, Philippe Verduyn, David Lee, Holly Shablack, Ariana Orvell, Joseph Bayer, Oscar Ybarra, John Jonides, Ethan Kross
Feb 2015
Passive Facebook Usage Undermines Affective Wellbeing: Experimental And Longitudinal Evidence, Jiyoung Park, Philippe Verduyn, David Lee, Holly Shablack, Ariana Orvell, Joseph Bayer, Oscar Ybarra, John Jonides, Ethan Kross
Jiyoung Park
Prior research indicates that Facebook usage predicts declines in subjective well-being over time. How does this come about? We examined this issue in 2 studies using experimental and field methods. In Study 1, cueing people in the laboratory to use Facebook passively (rather than actively) led to declines in affective well-being over time. Study 2 replicated these findings in the field using experience-sampling techniques. It also demonstrated how passive Facebook usage leads to declines in affective well-being: by increasing envy. Critically, the relationship between passive Facebook usage and changes in affective well-being remained significant when controlling for active Facebook use, …
Culturally Non-Preferred Cognitive Tasks Require Compensatory Attention: A Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (Fnirs)Investigation, Jiyoung Park, Ioulia Kovelman, Xiaosu Hu, Shinobu Kitayama, Asuka Murata
Feb 2015
Culturally Non-Preferred Cognitive Tasks Require Compensatory Attention: A Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (Fnirs)Investigation, Jiyoung Park, Ioulia Kovelman, Xiaosu Hu, Shinobu Kitayama, Asuka Murata
Jiyoung Park
Previous work shows that as compared to European Americans, Asians are more holistic (or less focused) in perceptual processing. Drawing on this evidence, we expected that extra attention control would be recruited to perform focused processing for Asians and holistic processing for European Americans. Eight Asian American and 13 European American young adults judged whether a given framed-line was the same in length as the framed-line shown on the previous trial on the basis of either an absolute or relative criterion. Their brain activities were monitored with functional near infrared spectroscopy. As predicted, Asian Americans showed an increased activation in …
Expression Of Anger And Ill Health In Two Cultures: An Examination Of Inflammation And Cardiovascular Risk, Jiyoung Park, Kitayama S, Boylan Jm, Miyamoto Y, Levine Cs, Markus Hr, Karasawa M, Coe Cl, Kawakami N, Love Gd, Ryff Cd
Jan 2015
Expression Of Anger And Ill Health In Two Cultures: An Examination Of Inflammation And Cardiovascular Risk, Jiyoung Park, Kitayama S, Boylan Jm, Miyamoto Y, Levine Cs, Markus Hr, Karasawa M, Coe Cl, Kawakami N, Love Gd, Ryff Cd
Jiyoung Park
Expression of anger is associated with biological health risk (BHR) in Western cultures. However, recent evidence documenting culturally divergent functions of the expression of anger suggests that its link with BHR may be moderated by culture. To test this prediction, we examined large probability samples of both Japanese and Americans using multiple measures of BHR, including pro-inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein) and indices of cardiovascular malfunction (systolic blood pressure and ratio of total to HDL cholesterol). We found that the link between greater expression of anger and increased BHR was robust for Americans. As predicted, however, this association was …
Regulating The High: Cognitive And Neural Processes Underlying Positive Emotion Regulation In Bipolar I Disorder, Jiyoung Park, O. Ayduk, Lisa O'Donnell, Jinsoo Chun, June Gruber, Masoud Kamali, Melvin Mcinnis, Patricia Deldin, Ethan Kross
Apr 2014
Regulating The High: Cognitive And Neural Processes Underlying Positive Emotion Regulation In Bipolar I Disorder, Jiyoung Park, O. Ayduk, Lisa O'Donnell, Jinsoo Chun, June Gruber, Masoud Kamali, Melvin Mcinnis, Patricia Deldin, Ethan Kross
Jiyoung Park
Although it is well established that Bipolar Disorder (BD) is characterized by excessive positive emotionality, the cognitive and neural processes that underlie such responses are unclear. We addressed this issue by examining the role that an emotion regulatory process called self-distancing plays in two potentially different BD phenotypes—BD with vs. without a history of psychosis—and healthy individuals. Participants reflected on a positive autobiographical memory and then rated their level of spontaneous self-distancing. Neurophysiological activity was continuously monitored using electroencephalogram. As predicted, participants with BD who have a history of psychosis spontaneously self-distanced less and displayed greater neurophysiological signs of positive …
Self-Talk As A Regulatory Mechanism: How You Do It Matters, Jiyoung Park
Jan 2014
Self-Talk As A Regulatory Mechanism: How You Do It Matters, Jiyoung Park
Jiyoung Park
Does the language people use to refer to the self during introspection influence how they think, feel, and behave under social stress? If so, do these effects extend to socially anxious people who are particularly vulnerable to such stress? Seven studies explored these questions (total N = 585). Studies 1a and 1b were proof-of-principle studies. They demonstrated that using non-first-person pronouns and one's own name (rather than first-person pronouns) during introspection enhances self-distancing. Studies 2 and 3 examined the implications of these different types of self-talk for regulating stress surrounding making good first impressions (Study 2) and public speaking (Study …
Negative Emotions Predict Elevated Interleukin-6 In The United States But Not In Japan, Jiyoung Park, J. M. Boylan, C. L. Coe, K. Curhan, C. S. Levine, H R. Markus, Shinobu Kitayama, Kawakami N, Karasawa M, G. D. Love, Ryff Cd
Jul 2013
Negative Emotions Predict Elevated Interleukin-6 In The United States But Not In Japan, Jiyoung Park, J. M. Boylan, C. L. Coe, K. Curhan, C. S. Levine, H R. Markus, Shinobu Kitayama, Kawakami N, Karasawa M, G. D. Love, Ryff Cd
Jiyoung Park
Previous studies conducted in Western cultures have shown that negative emotions predict higher levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, specifically interleukin-6 (IL-6). This link between negative emotions and IL-6 may be specific to Western cultures where negative emotions are perceived to be problematic and thus may not extend to Eastern cultures where negative emotions are seen as acceptable and normal. Using samples of 1044 American and 382 Japanese middle-aged and older adults, we investigated whether the relationship between negative emotions and IL-6 varies by cultural context. Negative emotions predicted higher IL-6 among American adults, whereas no association was evident among Japanese adults. …
Error-Related Brain Activity Reveals Self-Centric Motivation: Culture Matters, Jiyoung Park, Shinobu Kitayama
Feb 2013
Error-Related Brain Activity Reveals Self-Centric Motivation: Culture Matters, Jiyoung Park, Shinobu Kitayama
Jiyoung Park
To secure the interest of the personal self (vs. social others) is considered a fundamental human motive, but the nature of the motivation to secure the self-interest is not well understood. To address this issue, we assessed electrocortical responses of European Americans and Asians as they performed a flanker task while instructed to earn as many reward points as possible either for the self or for their same-sex friend. For European Americans, error-related negativity (ERN)-an event-related-potential component contingent on error responses--was significantly greater in the self condition than in the friend condition. Moreover, post-error slowing--an index of cognitive control to …
Clarifying The Link Between Social Support And Health: Culture, Stress, And Neuroticism Matter, Jiyoung Park, Shinobu Kitayama, Karasawa M, K. Curhan, Kawakami N, Y. Miyamoto, G. D. Love, C. L. Coe, Ryff Cd
Mar 2012
Clarifying The Link Between Social Support And Health: Culture, Stress, And Neuroticism Matter, Jiyoung Park, Shinobu Kitayama, Karasawa M, K. Curhan, Kawakami N, Y. Miyamoto, G. D. Love, C. L. Coe, Ryff Cd
Jiyoung Park
Although it is commonly assumed that social support positively predicts health, the empirical evidence has been inconsistent. We argue that three moderating factors must be considered: (1) support-approving norms (cultural context); (2) support-requiring situations (stressful events); and (3) support-accepting personal style (low neuroticism). Our large-scale cross-cultural survey of Japanese and US adults found significant associations between perceived support and health. The association was more strongly evident among Japanese (from a support-approving cultural context) who reported high life stress (in a support-requiring situation). Moreover, the link between support and health was especially pronounced if these Japanese were low in neuroticism.
