Digital Commons Network^™

What Makes For Effective Labor Representation On Pension Boards?, Johanna Weststar, Anil Verma

Management and Organizational Studies Publications

This article examines the efficacy of labor representation on pension boards. Using existing literature and interviews with labor trustees, this article develops a model where a more formal approach to recruitment and selection, skill acquisition, and accountability is hypothesized to aid labor trustees in achieving effective integration and representation on pension boards. Data indicate that labor trustees are placed in a challenging environment with insufficient support from their union, other trustees, or the board. These findings have important implications for the selection, training, and integration of labor trustees and the success of a labor agenda on pension issues.

Assessment Of Human Trabecular Architecture In The Pubis By Three Radiographic Modalities, Andrew D. Wade, Andrew J. Nelson, Gregory J. Garvin, David W. Holdsworth

Anthropology Presentations

This poster discusses technical aspects of an investigation into the use of non-destructive radiological analyses of pubic cancellous bone structure to estimate age-at-death from human skeletal remains. This study stems from findings, in X-ray plain films, of increased rarification and orientation of trabeculae with age [1]; likely in concert with the macroscopic remodelling of the symphyseal surface currently used in estimation of age-at-death.

The study uses three non-destructive X-ray imaging modalities: plain film radiography, computed tomography (CT), and micro-CT (μCT). Plain film radiography has greater spatial resolution than CT [2] and is relatively inexpensive, widely available, and, with portable X-ray …

Scholars Portal: The Canadian Experience, Karen Marshall

Western Libraries Presentations

This is a presentation about the Scholars Portal, which is a suite of shared information resources and services centrally managed by a consortium of 20 university libraries in Ontario, Canada (OCUL).

Municipal Capital Works Projects: An Analysis Of Scheduling Delays And Cost Escalations, Doug Mackay

MPA Major Research Papers

This paper examines the primary reasons for the delays and cost overruns in municipal capital works projects in Ontario. Interviews with experts in municipal infrastructure projects – including employees from the municipal sector, the Ministry of the Environment, a conservation authority, and the Ministry of Transportation – were conducted. The findings reveal that there are numerous factors that have resulted in municipal capital works projects becoming increasingly difficult to deliver, but the primary factor was the introduction of the Environmental Assessment Act, which resulted in a lengthened schedule and added costs.

An Indigenous Perspective On National Parks And SáMi Reindeer Management In Norway, Jan ÅGe Riseth

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

Protection of nature for biodiversity, and for the material livelihoods of Indigenous peoples, have much in common. Indigenous relations to nature are, however, based on unity between use and protection, implying that human use is necessary for effective protection. Often protected areas include the homelands of Indigen- ous peoples, whose needs and rights are still being ignored to a large extent. This paper explores the effects of a plan for a significant increase of large nature protection areas in Norway, still under implementation. Most of the new protec- tion areas are in the heartland of the Indigenous Sámi, whose core …

Can You Hear Us Now? Voices From The Margin: Using Indigenous Methodologies In Geographic Research, Renee Pualani Louis

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

Indigenous methodologies are an alternative way of thinking about research processes. Although these methodologies vary according to the ways in which different Indigenous communities express their own unique knowledge systems, they do have common traits. This article argues that research on Indigenous issues should be carried out in a manner which is respectful and ethically sound from an Indigenous perspective. This naturally challenges Western research paradigms, yet it also affords opportunities to contribute to the body of knowledge about Indigenous peoples. It is further argued that providing a mechanism for Indigenous peoples to participate in and direct these research agendas …

Alcohol Slows Interhemispheric Transmission, Increases The Flash-Lag Effect, And Prolongs Masking: Evidence For A Slowing Of Neural Processing And Transmission., Sarah A Khan, Brian Timney

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

While the alcohol literature is extensive, relatively little addresses the relationship between physiological effects and behavioural changes. Using the visual system as a model, we examined alcohol's influence on neural temporal processing as a potential means for alcohol's effects. We did this by using tasks that provided a measure of processing speed: Poffenberger paradigm, flash-lag, and backward masking. After moderate alcohol, participants showed longer interhemispheric transmission times, larger flash-lags, and prolonged masking. Our data are consistent with the view that alcohol slows neural processing, and provide support for a reduction in processing efficiency underlying alcohol-induced changes in temporal visual processing.

Splashpads, Swings, And Shade: Parents' Preferences For Neighbourhood Parks, Patricia Tucker, Jason Gilliland, Jennifer D. Irwin

Geography & Environment Publications

Background

Physical activity is a modifiable behavior that can help curtail the increasing worldwide problem of childhood obesity. Appropriate recreational opportunities, including neighborhood parks, are particularly important for promoting physical activity among children. Because children's use of parks is mainly under the influence of their parents, understanding parents' preferences is essential for creating the most inviting and usable park space to facilitate children's physical activity.

Methods

Eighty-two intercept interviews were conducted with a heterogeneous sample of parents / guardians watching their children at neighborhood parks in London, Ontario. Parents / guardians were asked questions about how often they frequent the …

Relevance To Self: A Brief Review And Framework Of Neural Systems Underlying Appraisal, Taylor W. Schmitz, Sterling C. Johnson

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

We argue that many similar findings observed in cognitive, affective, and social neuroimaging research may compose larger processes central to generating self-relevance. In support of this, recent findings from these research domains were reviewed to identify common systemic activation patterns. Superimposition of these patterns revealed evidence for large-scale supramodal processes, which are argued to mediate appraisal of self-relevant content irrespective of specific stimulus types (e.g. words, pictures) and task domains (e.g. induction of reward, fear, pain, etc.). Furthermore, we distinguish between two top-down sub-systems involved in appraisal of self-relevance, one that orients pre-attentive biasing information (e.g. anticipatory or mnemonic) to …

Stability Of Negative Self-Structures: A Longitudinal Comparison Of Depressed, Remitted, And Nonpsychiatric Controls., David J A Dozois

Psychology Publications

To be considered a vulnerability marker for depression, a variable should, in addition to demonstrating sensitivity and specificity, also show evidence of temporal stability (i.e., remain present in the absence of depressive symptomatology). Although many cognitive factors are associated with depression, the majority of them appear to be episode rather than vulnerability markers. This study examined cognitive organization of positive and negative interpersonal and achievement content in clinically depressed, remitted, and nonpsychiatric controls. At initial assessment, a sample of 54 clinically depressed individuals and 37 never-depressed controls completed self-report measures of positive and negative automatic thoughts and two cognitive organizational …

Perceptual Functions Of Perirhinal Cortex In Rats: Zero-Delay Object Recognition And Simultaneous Oddity Discriminations., Susan J Bartko, Boyer D Winters, Rosemary A Cowell, Lisa M Saksida, Timothy J Bussey

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

The perirhinal cortex (PRh) is widely accepted as having an important role in object recognition memory in humans and animals. Contrary to claims that PRh mediates declarative memory exclusively, previous evidence suggests that PRh has a role in the perceptual processing of complex objects. In the present study, we conducted an examination of the possible role of PRh in perceptual function in rats. We examined whether bilateral excitotoxic lesions of PRh or PPRh (perirhinal plus postrhinal cortices) in the rat would cause deficits in a zero-delay object-recognition task and a simultaneous oddity discrimination task. Both of these tasks measured spontaneous …

Mla In Pittsburgh, Pa, Lisa Rae Philpott, Suzanne Meyers Sawa

Western Libraries Publications

No abstract provided.

2007-2 Economics Research In Canada: A Long-Run Assessment Of Journal Publications, James B. Davies, Martin G. Kocher, Matthias Sutter

Department of Economics Research Reports

No abstract provided.

Anosognosia In Mild Cognitive Impairment: Relationship To Activation Of Cortical Midline Structures Involved In Self-Appraisal, Michele L. Ries, Britta M. Jabbar, Taylor W. Schmitz, Mehul A. Trivedi, Carey E. Gleason, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Howard A. Rowley, Sanjay Asthana, Sterling C. Johnson

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Awareness of cognitive dysfunction shown by individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a condition conferring risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), is variable. Anosognosia, or unawareness of loss of function, is beginning to be recognized as an important clinical symptom of MCI. However, little is known about the brain substrates underlying this symptom. We hypothesized that MCI participants' activation of cortical midline structures (CMS) during self-appraisal would covary with level of insight into cognitive difficulties (indexed by a discrepancy score between patient and informant ratings of cognitive decline in each MCI participant). To address this hypothesis, we first compared 16 MCI …

Finding Nina, Inge Meyer

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

This paper provides an account of the unique cultural experience of observing an Aboriginal infant within her extended family system while overcoming the challenges of separation from the seminar group through geographical distance. Underpinning the entire process were multiple layers of transgenerational and personal loss. There were many poignant moments in this rich observational experience.

Aboriginal Rights Deliberated, Fred Bennett

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

Democratic deliberation is credited with a variety of virtues, including its possi- ble usefulness in resolving, or at least ameliorating, inter-cultural conflicts. This paper ques- tions this claim. First, it overlooks that the facts and principles involved in these conflicts generally prove contestable and that such contestation is likely to be greater the less homoge- nous societies are. Second, it neglects that many, if not most, citizens have neither the time nor the inclination to acquire the conceptual and factual knowledge needed to try and over- come these differences. As a result, the more inclusive and popular deliberation becomes, the …

Desistance And Identity Change Among Aboriginal Females, John D. Hundleby, Barbara M. Gfellner, Darrell Racine

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

This study concerns the factors that are involved in a change from antisocial and criminal behavior to the development of a prosocial sense of identity in ten Aborigi- nal females. Data were obtained from recorded semi-structured interviews that in- cluded questionnaires and open-ended questions. These women had dysfunctional backgrounds and lifestyles yet ceased such behavior and entered university life. Findings indicated the resilience of these women. They overcame extreme disadvan- tages and “turned around” to develop purposeful and adaptive lives. Gaining a sense of their cultural background and integrating aspects of Aboriginal heritage into their sense of self were interwoven …

Learning From The Grandmothers: Incorporating Indigenous Principles Into Qualitative Research, Charlotte Loppie

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

In this article, the author describes the process she undertook to incorporate Indigenous principles into her doctoral research about the midlife health experiences of elder Aboriginal women in Nova Scotia, Canada. By employing qual- itative methods within the context of an Indigenous worldview, she gained knowledge of and developed competence in Aboriginal health research. The emergent partnership among Aboriginal community research facilitators, participating Mi’kmaq women, and the researcher provided many opportunities for the researcher to incorporate the paradigmatic and methodological traditions of Western science and Indigenous cultures. The application of these principles to this study might provide a useful example …

Social Support And Thriving Health: A New Approach To Understanding The Health Of Indigenous Canadians, Chantelle A.M. Richmond, Nancy A. Ross, Grace E. Egeland

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

Objectives. We examined the importance of social support in promoting thriv- ing health among indigenous Canadians, a disadvantaged population.

Methods. We categorized the self-reported health status of 31 625 adult indig- enous Canadians as thriving (excellent, very good) or nonthriving (good, fair, poor). We measured social support with indices of positive interaction, emotional support, tangible support, and affection and intimacy. We used multivariable lo- gistic regression analyses to estimate odds of reporting thriving health, using social support as the key independent variable, and we controlled for educational attainment and labor force status.

Results. Compared with women reporting low levels of …

Rethinking Devolution: Challenges For Aboriginal Resource Management In The Yukon Territory, David C. Natcher, Susan Davis

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

After decades of state administration, indigenous peoples throughout the world are now succeeding, to varying degrees, in the reimplementation of self-governing institutions and administrative processes. This reorientation has been most observable in the context of natural resource management, where a major policy trend has been to devolve state authority and administrative responsibility directly to local levels. While the language of devolution and local control now permeates local–state interaction, in many cases the new institutions that have been created following devolution have little resemblance to indigenous forms of management. In this article, we present some of the institutional and ideological factors …

Exploring Indigenous Concepts Of Health: The Dimensions Of MéTis And Inuit Health, Chantelle A.M. Richmond, Nancy A. Ross, Julie Bernier

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

Aboriginal Participation In Health Planning: Representation, Reconciliation, And Relationship Building With An Aboriginal Advisory Committee, Geeta Cheema

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

A Regional Model For Ethical Engagement: The First Nations Research Ethics Committee On Manitoulin Island, Marion A. Maar, Mariette Sutherland, Lorrilee Mcgregor

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

A Cultural Approach To Aboriginal Youth Sport And Recreation: Observations From Year One, Janice Forsyth, Michael Heine, Joannie Halas

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

The Reconstruction Of Inuit Collective Identity: From Cultural To Civic: The Case Of Nunavut, André LéGaré

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

Organizing Indigenous Governance In Canada, Australia, And The United States, Stephen Cornell

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

Urban Hidden Homelessness And Reserve Housing, Evelyn Peters, Vince Robillard

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

Spatial Residential Patterns Of Aboriginals And Their Socioeconomic Integration In Selected Canadian Cities, T.R. Balakrishnan, Rozzet Jurdi

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

Revisiting Histories Of Legal Assimilation, Racialized Injustice, And The Future Of Indian Status In Canada, Martin Cannon

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

Indian Registration: Unrecognized And Unstated Paternity, Michelle Mann

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.