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Changes In R&D Expenditure And Productivity Growth: A Causal Analysis, Mawdudur Rahman, Abdur Chowdhury
Changes In R&D Expenditure And Productivity Growth: A Causal Analysis, Mawdudur Rahman, Abdur Chowdhury
Abdur R. Chowdhury
A study was conducted to directly test the presence of causal relationship between changes in research and development (R&D) expenditure and productivity growth. Granger causality tests are performed using annual time series data for the period 1956-1983. Three measures of productivity are used -- National Income, National Income per person employed, and National Income per hour of work in the nonresidential business sector. Results show that changes in R&D expenditure affect the growth rate of the 3 productivity measures with different degrees of intensity. National Income per hour of work shows the highest growth rate, with the peak effect occurring …
(Wp 2011-03) State Government Revenue And Expenditures: A Bootstrap Panel Analysis, Abdur Chowdhury
(Wp 2011-03) State Government Revenue And Expenditures: A Bootstrap Panel Analysis, Abdur Chowdhury
Abdur R. Chowdhury
The current fiscal crises that most states in the United States are facing are generally the result of a severe macroeconomic downturn combined with a limited ability of the states to respond to such shocks. States are facing increased demand for public services at the same time revenue is falling. In this context, this paper explores the issue of temporal priority between government expenditures and revenue at the state and local levels. The results show that there is no uniform relationship between government revenue and spending across different states in the US. In fact, about 40% of the states show …