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The Effects Of Extrinsic Rewards On Intrinsic Motivation: Reinforcement Theory Or Cognitive Evaluation Theory, Jack S. Leon
The Effects Of Extrinsic Rewards On Intrinsic Motivation: Reinforcement Theory Or Cognitive Evaluation Theory, Jack S. Leon
Student Work
Intrinsically motivated behaviors are those for which there is no apparent reward except the activity itself. Such rewards are mediated within the individual. Rather than bringing about external rewards, intrinsically motivated behaviors bring about internal states that the individual finds rewarding (Deci, 1975a).
Designing And Implementing A University Level English As A Second Language Program, Janice Gallagher
Designing And Implementing A University Level English As A Second Language Program, Janice Gallagher
MA TESOL Collection
This paper represents a one year study of the steps taken to devise and implement an English as a Second Language (ESL) program at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Canada. The study involves analyzing the teaching / learning environment; designing, implementing and evaluating the program; and analyzing the results for future programs of this nature. The paper focuses on the intermediate and advanced ESL student and includes suggestions for materials development at each particular level. The purpose of the paper is to provide a practical outline for those teachers or administrators whose task is to initiate a formal ESL …