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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
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Parenting And Motocross: The Whoops And Downs, Marissa E. Holst
Parenting And Motocross: The Whoops And Downs, Marissa E. Holst
Psychology Publications
Many studies address the influences of parenting and contextual factors on child development (Belsky, 1984). Although long-term contextual factors such as poverty and abuse have been shown to be associated with both parent and child behaviors (La Placa & Corlyon, 2016; Salzinger et al, 2002), little research exists on the degree to which short-term situational contexts may affect child behavior. The goal of this study is to identify the influence of parenting behavior on child response after a competitive motocross race. Survey data was collected from 33 parents at several child/adolescent competitions held at a motocross track. First, results indicated …
Employee Commitment Before And After An Economic Crisis: A Stringent Test Of Profile Similarity, John P. Meyer, Alexandre J. S. Morin, Arzu Wasti
Employee Commitment Before And After An Economic Crisis: A Stringent Test Of Profile Similarity, John P. Meyer, Alexandre J. S. Morin, Arzu Wasti
Psychology Publications
Researchers have recently begun to take a person-centered (profile) approach to investigate how the affective, normative, and continuance commitment mindsets combine within the three-component model of organizational commitment (Meyer & Allen, 1991). The meaningfulness of the profiles identified in this research depends, in part, on evidence that similar profiles emerge across samples, particularly those drawn for a common population. We conducted a particularly stringent test of similarity by comparing profiles for samples of employees drawn from a large Turkish conglomerate prior to (N = 346) and following (N = 797) a major economic crisis. Using procedures recently introduced by Morin …
Complement Coercion: The Joint Effects Of Type And Typicality, Alessandra Zarcone, Ken Mcrae, Alessandro Lenci, Sebastian Padó
Complement Coercion: The Joint Effects Of Type And Typicality, Alessandra Zarcone, Ken Mcrae, Alessandro Lenci, Sebastian Padó
Psychology Publications
Complement coercion (begin a book → reading) involves a type clash between an event-selecting verb and an entity-denoting object, triggering a covert event (reading). Two main factors involved in complement coercion have been investigated: the semantic type of the object (event vs. entity), and the typicality of the covert event (the author began a book → writing). In previous research, reading times have been measured at the object. However, the influence of the typicality of the subject–object combination on processing an aspectual verb such as begin has not been studied. Using a self- paced reading study, we manipulated semantic type …
Taking A Person-Centered Approach To Personality: A Latent-Profile Analysis Of The Hexaco Model Of Personality, Kabir N. Daljeet, Nicholas L. Bremner, Erica A. Giammarco, John P. Meyer, Sampo V. Paunonen
Taking A Person-Centered Approach To Personality: A Latent-Profile Analysis Of The Hexaco Model Of Personality, Kabir N. Daljeet, Nicholas L. Bremner, Erica A. Giammarco, John P. Meyer, Sampo V. Paunonen
Psychology Publications
Our study applies a person-centered approach to the HEXACO model of personality using latent profile analysis (LPA). While the traditional variable-centered approach assumes that the relations among variables within a population are homogenous, the person-centered approach identifies subgroups within samples that have similar scores on several variables of interest, in this case, the six factors of personality. Data from two independent samples were collected at a large North American university. The results of LPA revealed five distinct and interpretable profiles that replicated and were found to be consistent across both samples. We discuss how our findings attest to the meaningfulness …
Has Engagement Had Its Day – What’S Next And Does It Matter?, John P. Meyer
Has Engagement Had Its Day – What’S Next And Does It Matter?, John P. Meyer
Psychology Publications
No abstract provided.
Secondary And 2-Year Outcomes Of A Sexual Assault Resistance Program For University Women, Charlene Y. Senn, Misha Eliasziw, Karen L. Hobden, Ian R. Newby-Clark, Paula C. Barata, Lorraine Radtke, Wilfreda E. Thurston
Secondary And 2-Year Outcomes Of A Sexual Assault Resistance Program For University Women, Charlene Y. Senn, Misha Eliasziw, Karen L. Hobden, Ian R. Newby-Clark, Paula C. Barata, Lorraine Radtke, Wilfreda E. Thurston
Psychology Publications
We report the secondary outcomes and longevity of efficacy from a randomized controlled trial that evaluated a novel sexual assault resistance program designed for first-year women university students. Participants (N = 893) were randomly assigned to receive the Enhanced Assess, Acknowledge, Act (EAAA) program or a selection of brochures (control). Perception of personal risk, self-defense self-efficacy, and rape myth acceptance was assessed at baseline; 1-week postintervention; and 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month postrandomization. Risk detection was assessed at 1 week, 6 months, and 12 months. Sexual assault experience and knowledge of effective resistance strategies were assessed at all follow-ups. …
A 4-Study Replication Of The Moderating Effects Of Greed On Socioeconomic Status And Unethical Behaviour., Anjana Balakrishnan, Paolo A Palma, Joshua Patenaude, Lorne Campbell
A 4-Study Replication Of The Moderating Effects Of Greed On Socioeconomic Status And Unethical Behaviour., Anjana Balakrishnan, Paolo A Palma, Joshua Patenaude, Lorne Campbell
Psychology Publications
Four replications of Piff and colleagues' study examined the moderating effects of greed attitudes on the relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and unethical behaviour (Study 7). In the original study, the researchers found that both greed and SES predicted increased propensity to engage in unethical behavior. Furthermore, this association was moderated such that the effects of SES on unethical behaviour were no longer present in the greed prime condition versus the neutral condition. In replication 1 of the original study main effects of greed attitudes and SES were found, but no interaction was found. Main effects for greed emerged in …
The Mediating Role Of Cultural Coping Behaviours On The Relationships Between Academic Stress And Positive Psychosocial Well-Being Outcomes, B.C.H Kuo, Kendall M. Soucie, Siqi Huang, Refa Laith
The Mediating Role Of Cultural Coping Behaviours On The Relationships Between Academic Stress And Positive Psychosocial Well-Being Outcomes, B.C.H Kuo, Kendall M. Soucie, Siqi Huang, Refa Laith
Psychology Publications
While culture’s effect on the coping process has long been acknowledged in the stress-coping literature conceptually, empirical evidence and attempts to discern the specific relationship between culture and coping remain very scarce. Against this backdrop, the present study applied the Cultural Transactional Theory (Chun, Moos, & Cronkite, 2006) to examine the mediating role of cultural coping behaviours (Collective, Engagement and Avoidance Coping) on the relationship between academic stress (AS) and two positive psychosocial well-being outcome measures: Collective Self-esteem (CSE) and Subjective Well-being (SWB). Responses from a sample of undergraduate students in Canada (N =328) were analysed to test a theory-driven, …
Knowledge And Understanding Of Health Insurance: Challenges And Remedies, Andrew J. Barnes, Yaniv Hanoch
Knowledge And Understanding Of Health Insurance: Challenges And Remedies, Andrew J. Barnes, Yaniv Hanoch
Psychology Publications
As coverage is expanded in health systems that rely on consumers to choose health insurance plans that best meet their needs, interest in whether consumers possess sufficient understanding of health insurance to make good coverage decisions is growing. The recent IJHPR article by Green and colleagues—examining understanding of supplementary health insurance (SHI) among Israeli consumers—provides an important and timely answer to the above question. Indeed, their study addresses similar problems to the ones identified in the US health care market, with two notable findings. First, they show that overall—regardless of demographic variables—there are low levels of knowledge about SHI, which …
Free Will In Addictive Behaviors: A Matter Of Definition, Eric Klinger
Free Will In Addictive Behaviors: A Matter Of Definition, Eric Klinger
Psychology Publications
Certain people are at risk for using alcohol or other drugs excessively and for developing problemswith their use. Their susceptibilitymight arise froma variety of factors, including their genetic make-up, brain chemistry, family background, personality and other psychological variables, and environmental and sociocultural variables.Moreover, after substance use has become established, there are additional cognitive-motivational variables (e.g., substance- related attentional bias) that contribute to enacting behaviors consistent with the person's motivation to acquire and use the substance. People who are at such risk are likely to choose to use addictive substances even though doing so entails negative consequences. In the sense of …
Origins Of Thalamic And Cortical Projections To The Posterior Auditory Field In Congenitally Deaf Cats., Blake E Butler, Nicole Chabot, Andrej Kral, Stephen G Lomber
Origins Of Thalamic And Cortical Projections To The Posterior Auditory Field In Congenitally Deaf Cats., Blake E Butler, Nicole Chabot, Andrej Kral, Stephen G Lomber
Psychology Publications
Crossmodal plasticity takes place following sensory loss, such that areas that normally process the missing modality are reorganized to provide compensatory function in the remaining sensory systems. For example, congenitally deaf cats outperform normal hearing animals on localization of visual stimuli presented in the periphery, and this advantage has been shown to be mediated by the posterior auditory field (PAF). In order to determine the nature of the anatomical differences that underlie this phenomenon, we injected a retrograde tracer into PAF of congenitally deaf animals and quantified the thalamic and cortical projections to this field. The pattern of projections from …
A Model Of Event Knowledge, Jeffrey L. Elman, Ken Mcrae
A Model Of Event Knowledge, Jeffrey L. Elman, Ken Mcrae
Psychology Publications
We present a connectionist model of event knowledge that is trained on examples of sequences of activities that are not explicitly labeled as events. The model learns co-occurrence patterns among the components of activities as they occur in the moment (entities, actions, and contexts), and also learns to predict sequential patterns of activities. In so doing, the model displays behaviors that in humans have been characterized as exemplifying inferencing of unmentioned event components, the prediction of upcoming components (which may or may not ever happen or be mentioned), reconstructive memory, and the ability to flexibly accommodate novel variations from previously …
Racial Segregation In The Rise And Fall Of 22nd Street South: The Unfolding Story Of The Historic Black Business Recreational District In St. Petersburg, Florida, Marvin L. Simner
Racial Segregation In The Rise And Fall Of 22nd Street South: The Unfolding Story Of The Historic Black Business Recreational District In St. Petersburg, Florida, Marvin L. Simner
Psychology Publications
A clause entitled “Segregation of Races” was inserted in the St. Petersburg City Charter in 1931. It wasn’t until 1936, however, that the clause gave rise to the first segregated housing zone within the city. In this report we provide evidence to suggest that it was the Federal Government and not the St. Petersburg city council, as has been claimed, that was responsible for the implementation of this clause and the segregated commercial district that developed along 22nd Street South. We then document the rise of this commercial district and present further evidence that city council showed little interest …
Are There Place Cells In The Avian Hippocampus?, David F Sherry, Stephanie L Grella, Mélanie F Guigueno, David J White, Diano F Marrone
Are There Place Cells In The Avian Hippocampus?, David F Sherry, Stephanie L Grella, Mélanie F Guigueno, David J White, Diano F Marrone
Psychology Publications
Birds possess a hippocampus that serves many of the same spatial and mnemonic functions as the mammalian hippocampus but achieves these outcomes with a dramatically different neuroanatomical organization. The properties of spatially responsive neurons in birds and mammals are also different. Much of the contemporary interest in the role of the mammalian hippocampus in spatial representation dates to the discovery of place cells in the rat hippocampus. Since that time, cells that respond to head direction and cells that encode a grid-like representation of space have been described in the rat brain. Research with homing pigeons has discovered hippocampal cells, …
Reducing The Stigma Of Depression Among Asian Students: A Social Norm Approach, Francois B. Botha, Amanda L. Shamblaw, David J.A. Dozois
Reducing The Stigma Of Depression Among Asian Students: A Social Norm Approach, Francois B. Botha, Amanda L. Shamblaw, David J.A. Dozois
Psychology Publications
In North America, Asians reliably report higher levels of stigma toward people with depression than do Europeans. Possible methods of reducing this discrepancy have rarely been explored. Asian undergraduate students ( n = 132) were presented with one of four antistigma videos with two actresses: one portraying a student with depression and the other a professor. The videos used the concept of social proof, presenting either positive or negative descriptive norms, to effect change in stigma, measured by social distance. It was hypothesized that the positive descriptive norms intervention would show significantly greater positive change in social distance compared with …
Rape And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd): Examining The Mediating Role Of Explicit Sex-Power Beliefs For Men Versus Women, Daniel J. Snipes, Jenna M. Calton, Brooke A. Green, Paul B. Perrin, Eric G. Benotsch
Rape And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd): Examining The Mediating Role Of Explicit Sex-Power Beliefs For Men Versus Women, Daniel J. Snipes, Jenna M. Calton, Brooke A. Green, Paul B. Perrin, Eric G. Benotsch
Psychology Publications
Many rape survivors exhibit symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and recent literature suggests survivors' beliefs about sex and control may affect PTSD symptoms. The present study examined beliefs about sex and power as potential mediators of the relationship between rape and PTSD symptoms for men versus women. Participants (N = 782) reported lifetime history of rape, current PTSD symptoms, and beliefs about sex and power. Women reported higher levels of lifetime history of rape than men (19.7% for women; 9.7% for men). While rape history predicted PTSD symptoms for both genders, beliefs about sex and power were shown to …