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A Quality-Preserving Increase In Four-Year College Attendance, Robert B. Archibald, David H. Feldman, Peter Mchenry
A Quality-Preserving Increase In Four-Year College Attendance, Robert B. Archibald, David H. Feldman, Peter Mchenry
Arts & Sciences Articles
We use the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 and the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 data sets to evaluate changes in the college matching process. Rising attendance rates at 4-year institutions have not decreased average preparedness of college goers or of college graduates, and further attendance gains are possible before diminishing returns set in. We use multinomial logic models to demonstrate that measures of likely success (grade point average) became more predictive of college attendance over time, while other student characteristics such as race and parents’ education became less predictive. Our evidence suggests that schools …
Interference In The Processing Of Adjunct Control, Daniel Parker, Sol Lago, Colin Phillips
Interference In The Processing Of Adjunct Control, Daniel Parker, Sol Lago, Colin Phillips
Arts & Sciences Articles
Recent research on the memory operations used in language comprehension has revealed a selective profile of interference effects during memory retrieval. Dependencies such as subject–verb agreement show strong facilitatory interference effects from structurally inappropriate but feature-matching distractors, leading to illusions of grammaticality (Pearlmutter et al., 1999; Wagers et al., 2009; Dillon et al., 2013). In contrast, dependencies involving reflexive anaphors are generally immune to interference effects (Sturt, 2003; Xiang et al., 2009; Dillon et al., 2013). This contrast has led to the proposal that all anaphors that are subject to structural constraints …
Semantic Typology: New Approaches To Crosslinguistic Variation In Language And Cognition, Randi Elizabeth Moore
Semantic Typology: New Approaches To Crosslinguistic Variation In Language And Cognition, Randi Elizabeth Moore
Arts & Sciences Articles
This article presents an overview of the goals and methods of semantic typology, the study of the distribution of semantic categories across languages. Results from this field inform theoretical accounts of syntax-semantics interface phenomena, as well as the nature of the relationship between language and cognition. This article discusses a variety of quantitative methods that represent recent efforts in semantic typology to (i) discover patterns in the distribution of independent variables and (ii) predict the distribution of dependent variables in relation to identified independent variables. Such methods include Multi-Dimensional Scaling, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, and Generalized Linear Mixed Effects regression analyses. …
Characterizing Switching And Congruency Effects In The Implicit Association Test As Reactive And Proactive Cognitive Control, Joseph Hilgard, Cheryl L. Dickter, Bruce D. Bartholow, Hart Blanton
Characterizing Switching And Congruency Effects In The Implicit Association Test As Reactive And Proactive Cognitive Control, Joseph Hilgard, Cheryl L. Dickter, Bruce D. Bartholow, Hart Blanton
Arts & Sciences Articles
Recent research has identified an important role for task switching, a cognitive control process often associated with executive functioning, in the Implicit Association Test (IAT). However, switching does not fully account for IAT effects, particularly when performance is scored using more recent d-score formulations. The current study sought to characterize multiple control processes involved in IAT performance through the use of event-related brain potentials (ERPs). Participants performed a race-evaluative IAT while ERPs were recorded. Behaviorally, participants experienced superadditive reaction time costs of incongruency and task switching, consistent with previous studies. The ERP showed a marked medial frontal negativity (MFN) …
Some Phonetic Structures Of Koasati, Matthew Gordon, Jack B. Martin, Linda Langley
Some Phonetic Structures Of Koasati, Matthew Gordon, Jack B. Martin, Linda Langley
Arts & Sciences Articles
This paper presents results of the first quantitative phonetic study of Koasati, a Muskogean language spoken in Louisiana and Texas. We examine vowel quality, length contrasts in vowels and consonants, the limited system of lexical tone contrasts in nouns, and the grammatical system of tone in verbs. We also study the realization of several word-final consonant clusters (fn, tl, lw, etc.) that are absent in related languages and that are typologically unusual due to their sonority reversals. Finally, we examine the cognates in related languages of the tones we document in Koasati nouns and verbs.
The Oxford Handbook Of Caribbean Archaeology, Frederick H. Smith
The Oxford Handbook Of Caribbean Archaeology, Frederick H. Smith
Arts & Sciences Articles
Excerpt from publication: "This volume represents the most comprehensive collection to date of current Caribbean archaeological studies. The 38 essays address nearly every key archaeological issue concerning the human settlement of the Caribbean region and the development of Caribbean societies from the initial peopling of the region some 6000 years ago to European colonization and plantation slavery after 1492...."
Neural Attention And Evaluative Responses To Gay And Lesbian Couples, Cheryl L. Dickter, Catherine A. Forestell, Blakely E. Mulder
Neural Attention And Evaluative Responses To Gay And Lesbian Couples, Cheryl L. Dickter, Catherine A. Forestell, Blakely E. Mulder
Arts & Sciences Articles
The goal of the current study was to examine whether differential neural attentional capture and evaluative responses for out-group homosexual relative to in-group heterosexual targets occur during social categorization. To this end, 36 heterosexual participants were presented with pictures of heterosexual and homosexual couples in a picture-viewing task that was designed to assess implicit levels of discomfort toward homosexuality and explicit evaluations of pleasantness toward the images. Neural activity in the form of electroencephalogram was recorded during the presentation of the pictures, and event-related potentials resulting from these stimuli were examined. Participants also completed questionnaires that assessed the degree to …