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Mens Life History, Testosterone, And Health, Louis Alvarado
Mens Life History, Testosterone, And Health, Louis Alvarado
Anthropology ETDs
Testosterone is hypothesized to mediate life history trade-offs between reproduction and survival in men, promoting mating effort over other forms of investment, which entails energetic and mortality costs. Sexually dimorphic musculature represents one form of somatic investment in mating. Favorable energy availability is posited to promote preferential investment in mating effort through upregulated testosterone production and augmented musculature, whereas nutritional constraint is predicted to downregulate testosterone to facilitate a diminished, thriftier phenotype. Furthermore, life history trajectories influencing mens testosterone levels have important health implications for androgen-sensitive disease. Here, I examine broad features of men's life history and health, and their …
Essays On Gender, Ethnicity, And Health In The United States And Turkey, Tunay Oguz
Essays On Gender, Ethnicity, And Health In The United States And Turkey, Tunay Oguz
Economics ETDs
This dissertation is composed of three studies examining barriers to health and healthcare that affect individuals on the basis of their race, ethnicity, and gender. The first study examines access to care disparities between non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics. I find that observed characteristics explain all of the disparities in access to care between these two groups, a marked change from a decade ago when characteristics explained only 65 percent. However, disparities in access to care between women and men remain unexplained even when differences in their attitudes and beliefs regarding healthcare are controlled for, especially for Hispanic men and women. …
Economic Analysis Of Infrastructure Investment And Irrigation Budget Issues In A Southwestern U.S. Water Utility, Heidi Pitts
Economic Analysis Of Infrastructure Investment And Irrigation Budget Issues In A Southwestern U.S. Water Utility, Heidi Pitts
Economics ETDs
The three chapters of this dissertation investigate two policy issues faced by water utilities: infrastructure investment and water budget programs. Water utilities have infrastructure that is deteriorating at an increasing rate, necessitating higher rates of investment from ratepayers. At the same time utilities must improve their management of existing water supplies in order to postpone the need to procure water supplies with a higher marginal cost. Water budgets are a way to manage scarce water resources more efficiently. The first chapter focuses on customer preferences for infrastructure investments. Individuals are willing-to-pay to have fewer outages at home, shorter average outage …
Family Policy In Post-Communist Europe And The Former Soviet Union: Assessing The Impact Of Xenophobia, Marina A. Kingsbury
Family Policy In Post-Communist Europe And The Former Soviet Union: Assessing The Impact Of Xenophobia, Marina A. Kingsbury
Political Science ETDs
This dissertation emphasizes the comparative aspect of family policy, with a regional focus on post-communist Europe. Following the turmoil of transition, many social welfare programs were transformed and often scaled back. Family policies, however, were largely carried through the initial period of transformation, despite the economic difficulties and the dramatic decline in birth rates in a course of several years. This study was inspired by the seeming contradiction between falling birth rates and increasing generosity of family policy provisions across the former communist European countries. This dissertation uses original data, which includes levels of benefit provision as well as national …
Social And Ritual Dynamics At El Cholo: An Upper General Valley Funerary Village Of The Diquís Subregion, Southern Costa Rica, Roberto Herrera
Social And Ritual Dynamics At El Cholo: An Upper General Valley Funerary Village Of The Diquís Subregion, Southern Costa Rica, Roberto Herrera
Anthropology ETDs
This dissertation details the results obtained from investigations conducted at an Aguas Buenas (300 BC-AD 800) to early Chiriquí phase (AD 900-1550) site known as El Cholo (SJ-59ECh), a mound complex located in the Upper General Valley of southern Costa Rica. Using data from surface collection along with horizontal and stratigraphic excavations, this investigation analyzed site formation and associated behavioral processes underlying the construction of a set of interconnected mounds comprising the architectural core of El Cholo. Previous research suggested that mounded sites in the Upper General area were likely seats of emergent elites with monumental constructions occupying a central …
Identity And Material Practice In The Chacoan World: Ornamentation And Utility Ware Pottery, Hannah Mattson
Identity And Material Practice In The Chacoan World: Ornamentation And Utility Ware Pottery, Hannah Mattson
Anthropology ETDs
The papers that comprise this dissertation all explore the intersection of material culture and social identity. The central theme of these studies is that social identity is actively created and maintained through the production, consumption, and discard of material objects. In the first paper, I examine the distribution of ornament styles and practices of adornment across the prehispanic Southwest in relation to traditionally defined regional and culture-historical boundaries. Jewelry items of similar forms are widely distributed across cultures/groups; however, specific practices in the use and deposition of ornaments are not random within particular sociohistorical contexts. In the second paper, I …
Speaking In Circles: Interpretation And Visitor Experience At Chaco Culture National Historic Park, Maren Else Svare
Speaking In Circles: Interpretation And Visitor Experience At Chaco Culture National Historic Park, Maren Else Svare
Anthropology ETDs
This study treats Chaco Culture National Historic Park (CCNHP) as a museum space with the National Park Service (NPS) as the head curator. As a museum space and a World Heritage site, Chaco is a place of knowledge production and consumption, with interpretation structured to relay a narrative of Chaco as a thriving prehistoric civilization and to foster an environment where visitors can create idiosyncratic relationships with the space. Trail guides, Wayside Exhibits, and Park ranger interaction constitute formal interpretive resources for visitors to interact with sites in the canyon. These processes are both easily available and easily avoidable for …
Ethno-Racial Disparities In Health Outcomes: Evidence From The Aging Population, Olufolake Odufuwa
Ethno-Racial Disparities In Health Outcomes: Evidence From The Aging Population, Olufolake Odufuwa
Economics ETDs
This dissertation assesses racial and ethnic disparities in health outcomes of the aging population, with focus on improving functional health, health status and quality of life at both individual and community levels. Chapter 2 examines racial and ethnic disparities in willingness to pay (WTP) for improved health among an aging population sample while also examining the impact of health status and risky health behaviors. Results indicate that racial and ethnic minorities are more likely to have a positive WTP for improved health than non-Hispanic Whites. However, WTP for minorities is found to be significantly lower than for non-Hispanic Whites. However, …
Towards Reaching Sustainable Urban Development In The Kathmandu Valley Of Nepal: An Economic Analysis Of Solid Waste Management, Recycling, And The Health Impacts Of Air Pollution., Menuka Karki
Economics ETDs
The Kathmandu Valley is a rapidly growing and densely populated largest urban area, which includes the capital city, in Nepal, and it faces the challenge of protecting environment and safeguarding public health. This dissertation spans over three separate papers and addresses the two environmental issues of the Kathmandu valley i.e., management of solid waste and outdoor air pollution. Solid waste management related two papers talk about peoples preference and willingness to pay for improvement in the solid vi waste management service, and the determinants of people's recycling behavior. Outdoor air pollution paper estimates health impact of exposure to outdoor air …
Effects Of Holistic And Analytic Instructional Approaches On The Acquisition Of Various Types Of Formulaic Sequences: An Empirical Study Of Adult Learners Of English As A Second Language, Valentina Temina-Kingsolver
Effects Of Holistic And Analytic Instructional Approaches On The Acquisition Of Various Types Of Formulaic Sequences: An Empirical Study Of Adult Learners Of English As A Second Language, Valentina Temina-Kingsolver
Linguistics ETDs
This study investigated whether different instructional approaches affected adult English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) learners production and recognition of target formulaic sequences, as measured by oral and written responses on pretest and posttest and a psycholinguistic experiment. Specifically, the goal of the study was to replicate and extend prior research that examines the ways non-native speakers of English acquire and process various types of formulaic sequences in their oral and written production and the validity of holistic storage and processing of those sequences in the learner's mind (Jiang & Nekrasova, 2007). Eighteen adult ESL students were randomly assigned to the following conditions: (a) …
Modern Spoken Coptic And Community Negotiation Of Linguistic Authenticity, Jeremy Toomey
Modern Spoken Coptic And Community Negotiation Of Linguistic Authenticity, Jeremy Toomey
Linguistics ETDs
The pronunciation of the Coptic language in the liturgies of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria according to the Greco-Bohairic and Old Bohairic pronunciation standards is investigated, together with the sociolinguistic narratives constructed by two Coptic communities surrounding the use of either standard. Field recordings of the liturgy as recited according to both standards are analyzed in order to describe the phonology of the standards, and interviews with users of both standards are analyzed in order to describe the language attitudes of the users of the language. Points of similarity and difference between the narratives constructed by users of the …
New Deal Navajo Linguistics And Language Documentation, Char Peery
New Deal Navajo Linguistics And Language Documentation, Char Peery
Anthropology ETDs
This dissertation explores how with the New Deal, the US government committed itself to the construction of a Navajo ethnonation or a democratic polity that could interface with the US federal government. For my research methodology I used archival research and examined the papers of linguist Robert Young, a linguist and BIA employee who throughout his decades of work with the Navajo Tribe compiled some of the most extensive documentary material on the Navajo language, as well as his published works. I examined documents including correspondence between linguists Robert W Young and J.P. Harrington, dictionaries and other linguistic materials for …
Cultural Interaction And Biological Distance Among Postclassic Mexican Populations, Corey Steven Ragsdale
Cultural Interaction And Biological Distance Among Postclassic Mexican Populations, Corey Steven Ragsdale
Anthropology ETDs
Human population structure is influenced by cultural and biological interactions. Little is known regarding to what extent cultural interactions effect biological processes such as migration and genetic exchange among prehistoric populations. In this study, I draw upon archaeological and ethnohistoric research to investigate the interaction of biology and culture among Postclassic period (AD 900-1519) Mexican populations. The central question for this project is: how did processes of economic exchange and political expansion affect genetic exchange among Postclassic period Mexican populations? To address this question, various biological distance analyses derived from dental morphological traits were employed to investigate inter- and intra-regional …
From Rural Street Theater To Big City Extravaganza: The Meaning Of The Manaus Boi-Bumbá In An Urbanizing Brazil., Margaret Kathleen Watson
From Rural Street Theater To Big City Extravaganza: The Meaning Of The Manaus Boi-Bumbá In An Urbanizing Brazil., Margaret Kathleen Watson
Anthropology ETDs
This is an ethnographic study of the boi-bumbá festival of Manaus, capital of the Brazilian state of Amazonas. I examine this traditional Brazilian folkloric performance as it is being reworked to express a modern, global identity for urban Amazonians. Long seen as a key site to understand racial relations in Brazil, the boi-bumbá festival tells the story of the death and resurrection of a ranchers beloved bull. The earliest recorded versions of the Brazilian bull festival portray the economic and social relations on an 18th century colonial cattle ranch in the country's northeast. When the festival came to be performed …
Explanations For Morphological Variability In Projectile Points: A Case Study From The Late Paleoindian Cody Complex, Cheryl Fogle-Hatch
Explanations For Morphological Variability In Projectile Points: A Case Study From The Late Paleoindian Cody Complex, Cheryl Fogle-Hatch
Anthropology ETDs
This dissertation examines morphological variability (differences in qualitative attributes and metric dimensions) that is observed when comparing assemblages of projectile points. My archaeological case study is an evaluation of cultural historical types' of projectile points that have been assigned variously to the Alberta, Cody, or Firstview Complexes of the early Holocene from approximately 10,000 B.P. to 8,200 B.P. This analysis includes both quantitative and qualitative observations of 361 complete and fragmentary projectile points from 13 archaeological sites located in New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska. My analyses showed that qualitative attributes and metric dimensions of projectile points vary more through …
Censured Motherhood: Communicating The Double Bind Between Motherhood And The Professoriate, Sarah Fuller
Censured Motherhood: Communicating The Double Bind Between Motherhood And The Professoriate, Sarah Fuller
Communication ETDs
This study revealed the interpersonal networks and communication resources available to women who are both mothers and professors in a large university in the southwestern United States. The current study was an inquiry using approaches from the ethnography of communication (EOC), which holds that culture and communication are inseparable and synonymous (Carbaugh, 2007; Covarrubias, 2002; Philipsen, 1997).Therefore, by interviewing nine women who are mothers of at least one child living at home and are also full-time professors, I accessed utterances that explicate cultural enactments of motherhood in the academy. During the course of this study, I asked the professors who …
Measure Development Of An Assessment Of 'Hitting Bottom' For Individuals With Alcohol Problems, Megan Kirouac
Measure Development Of An Assessment Of 'Hitting Bottom' For Individuals With Alcohol Problems, Megan Kirouac
Psychology ETDs
Alcohol problems are a serious public health concern but few individuals with alcohol problems and alcohol use disorders (AUDs) ever receive formal treatment (SAMHSA, 2009). To understand and address this phenomenon, it is important to understand why individuals decide to seek treatment, which may help clinicians facilitate treatment entry and completion among individuals with AUDs. Research on reasons individuals cite for seeking treatment and their success in recovering from AUDs suggests that hitting bottom' may be important (e.g., Sobell, Sobell, Toneatto, & Leo, 1993). Accordingly, evaluating the concept of 'hitting bottom' may provide insight into why individuals seek and complete …
Mutability Of The Green-Eyed Monster: A Functional Approach To Understanding The Distinction Between Benign And Hostile Envy, Rachael G. Falcon
Mutability Of The Green-Eyed Monster: A Functional Approach To Understanding The Distinction Between Benign And Hostile Envy, Rachael G. Falcon
Psychology ETDs
Envy functions in resource competition situations in which a competitor out-competes oneself in a fitness relevant domain (Hill & Buss, 2006, 2008). Research suggests that there are two types of envy, a hostile version, aimed at depriving the envied person of his or her advantage, and a benign version, aimed at gaining an advantage for oneself (Parrott, 1991; van de Ven, Zeelenberg, & Pieters, 2009). Three predictions were derived from the hypothesis that the selection of envy type is functional, taking into account the costs and benefits of a benign versus a hostile response: 1) Hostile envy was expected to …
The Development Of Preschoolers' Living Kinds Concept: A Longitudinal Study, Jordan Tessa Margett
The Development Of Preschoolers' Living Kinds Concept: A Longitudinal Study, Jordan Tessa Margett
Psychology ETDs
The overarching goal of this study was to examine the structural organization of preschoolers living kinds concept and the nature of developmental change in that concept from roughly 3.5- to 4.5-years-old. Specifically, this study was designed to assess whether preschoolers' living kind conceptual development involves progressive elaboration of an existing biologically based skeletal framework or conceptual reorganization. Unlike previous studies, this study employed a longitudinal design, an extensive stimulus set, alternate indices of understanding, and complementary statistical analyses. Thirty-five 3.0- to 3.5-year-olds participated in four testing sessions over the course of one year; each testing session included three phases that …