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An Assessment Of Community-Based Family Planning Programs In Kenya, Jane Chege, Ian Askew
An Assessment Of Community-Based Family Planning Programs In Kenya, Jane Chege, Ian Askew
Reproductive Health
Kenya has a long history of using community-based distribution (CBD) as an integral part of its family planning (FP) program. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of CBD programs in terms of providing information and services, to learn more about the determinants of program effectiveness, and to attempt to compare the programs’ cost-effectiveness. Fieldwork was undertaken in mid-1995 when data were collected from seven of the major CBD programs in Kenya. Four rural and three urban programs were included, as were programs that remunerated their agents and those that did not, and programs that had full-time …
Emergency Contraception As An Element In The Care Of Rape Victims, Ricardo Vernon, Raffaela Schiavon, Silvia Elena Llaguno
Emergency Contraception As An Element In The Care Of Rape Victims, Ricardo Vernon, Raffaela Schiavon, Silvia Elena Llaguno
Reproductive Health
In most states in Mexico, abortion is excluded as a crime in pregnancies resulting from rape. However, legislation does not specify the norms by which women can obtain a legal abortion, which makes it difficult to choose this alternative. A partial solution to unwanted pregnancies from rape would be to provide emergency contraception (EC). Psychologists were trained to provide information on EC to women who reported a rape at four public ministry agencies specialized in sexual crime. In addition, 11 medical backup referral centers were established. To scale up the strategy, workshops were provided to representatives from State Attorney General …
Youth Centres In Kenya: Evaluation Of The Family Planning Association Of Kenya Programme, Annabel Erulkar, Barbara Mensch
Youth Centres In Kenya: Evaluation Of The Family Planning Association Of Kenya Programme, Annabel Erulkar, Barbara Mensch
Reproductive Health
Since 1987, the Family Planning Association of Kenya (FPAK) has operated two youth centers, one in Nairobi and the other in Mombasa. The centers target unmarried youth aged 10–24 and their primary objective is reduction in incidence of sexual and reproductive-health-related problems. These centers offer recreational and sports facilities, counseling services, including reproductive health (RH) information, limited RH services, and referrals. In 1996, FPAK undertook a systematic evaluation of its youth-center program including a situation analysis of the centers, a survey in their catchment areas, and an analysis of program costs. The main strength of the program was found to …
Proceedings Of The Workshop On Integrating Reproductive Tract Infection Case Management In Lgu Health Centers, Population Council
Proceedings Of The Workshop On Integrating Reproductive Tract Infection Case Management In Lgu Health Centers, Population Council
Reproductive Health
This report documents the proceedings of a training workshop on reproductive tract infection (RTI) case management for physicians, nurses, and midwives in selected health centers of the Philippines. The training started with presentation of focus group discussion results emphasizing existing beliefs and perceptions of the community regarding RTIs. The results of the situation analysis served as an eye opener for many in that clients with RTI-related symptoms were found to be rather rare and not systematically managed in the health clinics. Many providers report that since they are not trained to handle such cases, they refer whoever comes with symptoms …
Improved Reproductive Health And Std Services For Women Presenting To Family Planning Services In North Jakarta. Final Report Of Activities, Meiwita B. Iskandar, Catherine Vickers, Subadra Indrawati, Siti Nurul Qomariyah
Improved Reproductive Health And Std Services For Women Presenting To Family Planning Services In North Jakarta. Final Report Of Activities, Meiwita B. Iskandar, Catherine Vickers, Subadra Indrawati, Siti Nurul Qomariyah
Reproductive Health
The overall goal of this study was to develop an integrated program of reproductive tract infection/sexually transmitted disease (RTI/STD) clinical services within two family planning clinics in low-income neighborhoods in North Jakarta. Multiple training programs to introduce a standardized clinical evaluation for the detection, treatment, and management of RTI/STDs were conducted. Prior and subsequent to training, observations of health care provider (HCP) and client interactions were conducted to evaluate behavior changes among HCPs. Each consenting client received a standardized reproductive health history, a pelvic exam, and provided specimens for laboratory testing to detect RTIs. Through universal screening of the participants …
The Situation Analysis Approach To Assessing Family Planning And Reproductive Health Services: A Handbook, Robert A. Miller, Andrew A. Fisher, Kate Miller, Lewis Ndhlovu, Baker Ndugga Maggwa, Ian Askew, Diouratie Sanogo, Placide Tapsoba
The Situation Analysis Approach To Assessing Family Planning And Reproductive Health Services: A Handbook, Robert A. Miller, Andrew A. Fisher, Kate Miller, Lewis Ndhlovu, Baker Ndugga Maggwa, Ian Askew, Diouratie Sanogo, Placide Tapsoba
Reproductive Health
Good family planning service delivery emphasizing both access and quality is key to the related goals of satisfying individual needs and achieving programmatic success. Situation Analysis (SA) provides a needed link between the manager and the client he or she is trying to serve. The data marshaled for SA offer a representative picture of how subsystems are working and provide a way to “see” the client’s experience. Situation Analyses assist managers in achieving the broadest management goal—that of efficient administration of a vital health care service while keeping in view the ultimate goal—providing good care for those who seek it. …
Gender Differences In The Schooling Experiences Of Adolescents In Low-Income Countries: The Case Of Kenya, Barbara Mensch, Cynthia B. Lloyd
Gender Differences In The Schooling Experiences Of Adolescents In Low-Income Countries: The Case Of Kenya, Barbara Mensch, Cynthia B. Lloyd
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Little research on education in developing countries has focused on adolescent issues at the same time, despite the fact that a growing proportion of young people are spending some time in school during the phase of their lives between puberty and marriage, there is little research on schooling as a key dimension of the adolescent experience. This paper examines the school environment in Kenya and the potential ways it can help or hinder adolescents. We focus on gender differences with a view toward illuminating some of the factors that may present particular obstacles or opportunities for girls. The paper begins …
Population And Poverty: A Review And Restatement, Geoffrey Mcnicoll
Population And Poverty: A Review And Restatement, Geoffrey Mcnicoll
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Worldwide in the 1990s over one billion persons are estimated to have a purchasing power of below a dollar per day, the conventional demarcation of “absolute poverty.” Other dimensions of poverty, extending beyond income measures to encompass a person’s broader capabilities and social functioning, are less empirically accessible. Poverty is commonly thought to be associated with high fertility and rapid population growth (regionally, South Asia and Africa have the highest poverty rates), but that view finds little support in the extensive statistical research literature on population and poverty. However, a clear-cut depiction of such an institutionally contingent relationship is not …
Sexual Violence Within Marriage: A Case Study Of Rural Uttar Pradesh, M.E. Khan, John Townsend, Ranjana Sinha, Seema Lakhanpal
Sexual Violence Within Marriage: A Case Study Of Rural Uttar Pradesh, M.E. Khan, John Townsend, Ranjana Sinha, Seema Lakhanpal
Reproductive Health
Until recently the study of sexual behavior, despite being a very important area of human behavior, has remained an untouchable subject. The sensitivity of the subject and difficulties collecting required information discouraged social scientists from venturing into this area of human behavior. However, the advent of AIDS and its rapid spread in India has changed the scenario. Today the study of sexual behavior is an important subject and both national and international agencies, as part of the AIDS control program, are encouraging research on the subject. This paper addresses a totally neglected area, which is sexual coercion within marriage. The …
Reproductive Control In South Africa, Carol E. Kaufman
Reproductive Control In South Africa, Carol E. Kaufman
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The controversial state-sponsored family planning program officially began in South Africa in 1974. Although the government did not implement the program on a racial basis, the program was widely believed to be linked with white fears of growing black numbers, and was attacked by detractors as a program of social and political control. In spite of the hostile environment, black women’s use of services steadily increased. Using historical and anthropological evidence, this paper delineates the links between the social and political context of racial domination and individual fertility behavior. It argues that the quantitative ‘success’ of the family planning program …
Absent And Problematic Men: Demographic Accounts Of Male Reproductive Roles, Margaret E. Greene, Ann E. Biddlecom
Absent And Problematic Men: Demographic Accounts Of Male Reproductive Roles, Margaret E. Greene, Ann E. Biddlecom
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Both men and women make important contributions to the production of children, yet demographic studies of fertility and family planning have tended to focus on women alone. This paper traces the development of demography’s emphasis on women and describes how the limitations of its theoretical approaches to reproduction and empirical neglect of men have been mutually reinforcing. The paper is structured around four aims: 1) to describe why men have had a relatively low profile as subjects in demographic research on reproduction; 2) to explain growing interest in studying men’s roles; 3) to evaluate existing research on men in developing …
Empowering The Next Generation: Girls Of The Maqattam Garbage Settlement, Marie Assaad, Judith Bruce
Empowering The Next Generation: Girls Of The Maqattam Garbage Settlement, Marie Assaad, Judith Bruce
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This edition of SEEDS explores the challenge of extending earning opportunities and access to valued social roles to young women in the garbage settlement of Maqattam, Egypt. This edition furthermore underscores the degree to which livelihood programs must confront the social circumstances—such as health, marriage, and cultural and family traditions—that play a major role in shaping girls' current and future economic prospects.
Transition To Adulthood Of Female Factory Workers: Some Evidence From Bangladesh, Sajeda Amin, Ian Diamond, Ruchira Tabassum Naved, Margaret Newby
Transition To Adulthood Of Female Factory Workers: Some Evidence From Bangladesh, Sajeda Amin, Ian Diamond, Ruchira Tabassum Naved, Margaret Newby
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The rapidly expanding sector of garment manufacturing for export is unusual for Bangladesh in that it employs young, unmarried women in large numbers. This paper examines data from a study on garment workers in Bangladesh to explore the implications of work for the early socialization of young women. For the first time young women are given an alternative to lives where they move directly from childhood into adulthood through early marriage and childbearing. Work creates a period of transition as contrasted with the abrupt assumption of adult roles at very young ages that marriage and childbearing mandate. It is argued …
Beliefs And Practices About Reproductive Tract Infections: Findings From A Series Of Philippine Fgds, Marilou Palabrica-Costello, Carmeli Marie Chaves, Chona R. Echavez, Cecilia Conaco, Mariano Santiago
Beliefs And Practices About Reproductive Tract Infections: Findings From A Series Of Philippine Fgds, Marilou Palabrica-Costello, Carmeli Marie Chaves, Chona R. Echavez, Cecilia Conaco, Mariano Santiago
Reproductive Health
The past decade has been characterized by increasing concern about the medical, social, and economic problems associated with reproductive tract infections (RTIs). The goal of preventing and curing RTIs is now being prioritized by public health agencies in the developing world. Very little research has been conducted on the problem of RTIs in the local context, and it would be helpful for program managers if the knowledge and beliefs now being held about RTIs were more clearly delineated. Knowing more about the way in which these illnesses are viewed by the community, about traditional practices for preventing and curing RTIs, …
Male Involvement In Family Planning: A Kabp Study Of Agra District, Uttar Pradesh, M.E. Khan, Bella C. Patel
Male Involvement In Family Planning: A Kabp Study Of Agra District, Uttar Pradesh, M.E. Khan, Bella C. Patel
Reproductive Health
Although lack of male involvement in family planning has been a topic of research and discussion since the early 1980s, during the last five years it has become an important issue for women advocates, researchers, and many international agencies that are committed to reproductive health and gender equality. The large number of articles on this subject and growing number of conferences, research projects, and debates are testimonies to the importance of the issue, both from the programmatic point of view and as a process for bringing about a gender balance in men's and women's reproductive rights and responsibility. This paper …