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Economic And Policy Determinants Of National Abortion Rates: A Cross-National Study, Olufunke Akiyode
Economic And Policy Determinants Of National Abortion Rates: A Cross-National Study, Olufunke Akiyode
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Abortion is as old as humanity and exists in all cultures. The number and rate of abortions differ among countries and regions of the world. Some determinants of abortion may include economic indicators and policy restrictiveness. This study analyzes the economic and policy determinants of abortion by evaluating the association of income and policy on abortion rates. It uses a panel data regression to examine the association between income, Gini Coefficient and abortion rates. Gini Coefficient measures income inequality, and GNI represents a country’s income. Publicly available longitudinal data obtained from the World Bank, United Nations, United Nations Population Development …
Area-Level Landfill Density And Asthma Prevalence In Urban Texas Areas, Jessica Meighan Herrin
Area-Level Landfill Density And Asthma Prevalence In Urban Texas Areas, Jessica Meighan Herrin
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Environmental exposures, especially air pollutants, pose a threat for an increase in asthma prevalence. In particular, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas can cause severe health effects closely resembling asthmatic symptoms. Ambient concentrations of H2S gas correlates with the amount of solid waste found in landfills. The potential for adverse health risks associated with H2S emitted from landfills is of concern for those populations living in close proximity to landfills. Asthma is one of the adverse health effects that can occur due to H2S exposure. However, there is a lack of detailed studies characterizing possible associations between the density of landfills and …
THe EFfect Of UNconventional GAs And OIl DRilling EMissions On ASthma And REspiratory DIseases In The BArnett SHale Of TExas, Stella A. Okoroafor
THe EFfect Of UNconventional GAs And OIl DRilling EMissions On ASthma And REspiratory DIseases In The BArnett SHale Of TExas, Stella A. Okoroafor
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Unconventional gas and oil drilling (UGOD) has increased substantially in the United States for more than a decade. The resultant environmental unsafe air pollution effects of UGOD both locally and regionally have been well documented in the literature. Despite the dramatic increase in unconventional well drilling and the toxicant exposure, the health consequences of UGOD remain largely uncertain. This study assesses the relationship between active wells and healthcare use for respiratory diseases by zip code from 2004 to 2008 in the Barnett shale area of Texas. The first modern shale gas well was drilled in the Barnett shale area of …
Climate Change And Chagas Disease In The Americas: A Qualitative Systematic Review, Brittany N. Graves
Climate Change And Chagas Disease In The Americas: A Qualitative Systematic Review, Brittany N. Graves
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
While many studies have found associations between climate change and factors affecting Chagas disease transmission, the future impact of climate change on the global spread of Chagas disease remains debatable. A qualitative, systematic review was conducted to assess the impact of climate change on Chagas disease transmission in the Americas (Central America, South America, and North America). The literature search was performed in January 2019 using the keywords climate, Chagas, and “trypanosoma cruzi” and the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid. Searches retrieved records from 1982 through 2019. The initial electronic database search identified a total of 191 record documents …
Exposure To Ambient Air Pollution And Fetal Death In Harris County, Texas, Amal Rammah
Exposure To Ambient Air Pollution And Fetal Death In Harris County, Texas, Amal Rammah
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
The evidence from studies of maternal ambient air pollutant exposure (including O3, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and PM2.5 metal constituents) and stillbirth is limited and equivocal. There is also limited evidence of the acute effect of temperature increases in the week preceding delivery and stillbirth. In the first investigation of ambient air pollution, temperature and stillbirth among a large cohort of women in Harris County, Texas, we obtained birth and fetal death records from 2008-2013 and estimated weekly residential levels of apparent temperature and ozone (O3), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and PM2.5 metals from the local monitoring …
Effects Of Extreme Precipitation On Gastrointesitnal Related Hospital Admissions In Texas, Sharmila Giri
Effects Of Extreme Precipitation On Gastrointesitnal Related Hospital Admissions In Texas, Sharmila Giri
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Extreme precipitation has been implicated in more than 51% of the waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States between 1948-1994. With increased incidence of extreme precipitation projected to be more likely due to ongoing climate change, the burden of waterborne disease is expected to rise even in the United States where drinking water is considered to be one of the safest in the world. In this study we aim to quantify the risk of extreme precipitation on gastrointestinal (GI) related hospital admissions by using meteorological and emergency hospital data from twelve major metropolitan statistical areas (MSA) of Texas from year …
Factors Associated With Civilian And Police Officer Injury During 10 Years Of Officer-Involved Shooting Incidents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Ellen Paddock
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Purpose. Law enforcement officer-involved shootings are uncommon events in the context of encounters with the public, but extreme situations which have the potential to pose immense harm to individuals and communities. Previous research demonstrates that a large proportion of such incidents result in injury or death, most commonly to civilians, but in some cases to officers as well. However, there has been little study of what factors are associated with injury during such incidents, and whether these factors might differ for civilians compared to officers. This study examined the factors associated with both civilian and officer injury and/or fatality during …