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Faktor Risiko Kejadian Tuberkulosis Di Indonesia, Sesar Dayu Pralambang, Sona Setiawan

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Tuberkulosis adalah suatu penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis menular melalui udara (airborne disease). dari penderita sakit tuberkulosis ke orang lain disekitarnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui lebih rinci faktor apa sajakah yang berpengaruh terhadap tingginya kejadian di Indonesia. Metode yang dilakukan adalah menggunakan telaah artikel atau jurnal yang penerbitannya kurang dari 10 tahun dan tersedia di database online (Proquest, Sciencedirect, Scopus, Wiley Online dan Google Cendekia). Hasil dari meta analisis didapatkan bahwa faktor sosiodemografi (jenis kelamin laki-laki OR= 4,19, umur yang lebih dari 36 tahun OR = 3,54, status pendidikan yang buta …

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Hiv Pada Kelompok Usia Produktif Di Indonesia, Diah Rohmatullailah, Dina Fikriyah

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

HIV merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan global, di Indonesia jumlah kasus HIV positif dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat dan paling banyak terjadi pada kelompok usia produktif yaitu usia 25-49 tahun. HIV merupakan virus yang melemahkan kekebalan tubuh manusia. Kejadian HIV dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor yang mendukung penyebaran kasus ini. Tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berisiko terhadap kejadian HIV di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelusuran pustaka dengan menelaah faktor risiko kejadian HIV berdasarkan 10 jurnal kesehatan yang dipublikasikan 10 tahun terakhir sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil jurnal yang telah direview, faktor yang berisiko terhadap kejadian HIV yaitu …

Human Papillomavirus-Associated Anal Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions In Men Who Have Sex With Men And Transgender Women Living With And Without Hiv In Karachi Pakistan: Implications For Screening And Prevention, Muslima Ejaz, Muhammad Mubarak, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Sören Andersson, Anna Mia Ekström

Community Health Sciences

Background: Anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASIL), strongly related to human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, is more prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, no such data are available for Pakistan yet, and neither HPV vaccination nor anal-cytology screening is implemented in Pakistan. The purpose of this first ever study was to assess the prevalence of HPV-related anal cytological abnormalities among MSM and transgender women living with and without HIV infection in Pakistan.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from March 2016 to November 2017 at sexual health centers run by the Perwaaz Trust and the National AIDS …

The Impact Of Hiv-Related Stigma On The Racial/Ethnic Disparities Across The Hiv Care Continuum Among Adults Living With Hiv In Florida, Derrick James Forney

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Florida currently has one of the highest rates of new HIV infections in the U.S. As of 2019, Black and Hispanic HIV-positive individuals in Florida were significantly less likely to receive HIV care, remain in care, and achieve viral suppression than white HIV-positive individuals. Several studies have linked HIV-related stigma to poor outcomes among people living with HIV (PLWH). This study examined the impact of distinct HIV-related stigma subtypes on linkage to care, retention in care, and viral suppression among PLWH in Florida and if these associations differed across race/ethnicity.

Methods: Data from the 2015-2017 Florida Medical Monitoring Project …

Fidelity Monitoring In The Solution Focused Wellness For Hiv (Sfwh) Intervention For Women, Helen Taylor Yates, Spencer Elise Lee

Journal of Solution Focused Practices

Solution Focused methods are often interpreted by different practitioners with a degree of flexibility and adaptation to specific practice settings (Lehmann & Patton, 2012). This flexibility is one of the features that makes SFBT a very client-centered approach and has been highlighted as one of the key aspects of successful co-construction of desired outcomes with clients (Franklin et al., 2017). This collaborative approach is possible due to SFBT’s utilization of social constructionist principals in the solution-building process (Blundo & Simon, 2015). While encouraging flexibility of implementation of SFBT, identifying the main tenets of the therapy, including specific techniques and mindsets …

Association Between Educational Level And Knowledge On Transmission Of Hiv/Aids In Adolescent Women In Peru-Endes 2019, Nathalie Amado-Cornejo, Consuelo Luna-Muñoz

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

Introduction: Knowledge about the transmission of HIV in adolescent women is important due to the great risk of contracting said infection. Objectives: To determine the association between the educational level and knowledge about the transmission of HIV in female adolescents according to the ENDES year 2019. Methods: Quantitative, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and analytical study based on the public availability data of the ENDES 2019. Results: Of the 4 668 women in the age range of 15 to 19 years. 30.6% had adequate knowledge about HIV and 69.4% had inadequate knowledge. No association was found between educational level and level of …

Men’S Comfort In Distributing Or Receiving Hiv Self-Test Kits From Close Male Social Network Members In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: Baseline Results From The Step Project, Joseph K.B. Matovu, Gaspar Mbita, Akeen Hamilton, Frank Mhando, Wynton M. Sims, Noah Thompson, Albert N. Komba, Jackson Lija, Jiajia Zhang Ph.D., Thomas Van Den Akker, Dustin T. Duncan, Augustine T. Choko, Donaldson F. Conserve

Faculty Publications

Background

A variety of strategies have been used to reach men with HIV self-testing services, including social network-based HIV self-test kits distribution. However, few studies have assessed men’s comfort to distribute to or receive HIV self-test kits from close male friends within the same social network. In this study, we assessed men’s comfort to distribute to and/or receive HIV self-test kits from close male friends and associated factors among men who socialize in networks locally referred to as “camps” in Tanzania.

Methods

Data are from the baseline survey of a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted in June 2019 with 18 social …

Global, Regional, And National Sex Differences In The Global Burden Of Tuberculosis By Hiv Status, 1990-2019: Results From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2019, Jorge R. Ledesma, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Veincent Christian F. Pepito, Gbd 2019 Tuberculosis Collaborators, 328 Co-Authors

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Background

Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global health targets, evaluations of differences in tuberculosis burden by sex are crucial. We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the global burden of tuberculosis, with an emphasis on investigating differences in sex by HIV status for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.

Methods

We used a Bayesian hierarchical Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) platform to analyse 21 505 site-years of vital …

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (Prep) Uptake Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men (Bmsm) In The Southern U.S, Oluwafemi Adeagbo, Sayward Elizabeth Harrison, Shan Qiao Ph.D., Xiaoming Li Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) living in the United States (U.S.) South are disproportionately affected by HIV and experience significant disparities in HIV incidence, access to HIV care, and prevention across ages and socio-economic statuses. The aim of this commentary is to critically review current literature on the state of PrEP use among BMSM in the U.S. South, including identifying barriers and facilitators to PrEP use in order to inform intervention development. Extant literature shows that despite the documented benefits of PrEP as an effective HIV-prevention method, its uptake among BMSM is limited across the U.S. South. …

Relationship Between Food Insecurity And Smoking Status Among Women Living With And At Risk For Hiv In The Usa: A Cohort Study, Lila A. Sheira, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Judith Hahn, Kartika Palar, Elise D. Riley, Tracey E. Wilson, Adebola Adedimeji, Daniel Merenstein, Mardge Cohen, Eryka L. Wentz, Adaora A. Adimora, Ighovwerha Ofotokun, Lisa Metsch, Janet M. Turan, Phyllis C. Tien, Sheri D. Weiser

Faculty Publications

Objectives People living with HIV (PLHIV) in the USA, particularly women, have a higher prevalence of food insecurity than the general population. Cigarette smoking among PLHIV is common (42%), and PLHIV are 6–13 times more likely to die from lung cancer than AIDS related causes. This study sought to investigate the associations between food security status and smoking status and severity among a cohort of predominantly low-income women of colour living with and without HIV in the USA.

Design Women enrolled in an ongoing longitudinal cohort study from 2013 to 2015.

Setting Nine participating sites across the USA.

Participants 2553 …

Association Of Care Environment With Hiv Incidence And Death Among Orphaned, Separated, And Street-Connected Children And Adolescents In Western Kenya, Paula Braitstein, Allison Delong, David Ayuku, Mary Ott, Lukoye Atwoli, Omar Galárraga, Edwin Sang, Joseph Hogan

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Importance: In 2015, there were nearly 140 million orphaned children globally, particularly in low- and middle-income regions, and millions more for whom the street is central to their everyday lives. A total of 16.6 million children were orphaned because of deaths associated with HIV/AIDS, of whom 90% live in sub-Saharan Africa. Although most orphaned and separated children and adolescents in this region are cared for by extended family, the large number of children requiring care has produced a proliferation of institutional care. Few studies have investigated the association between care environment and physical health among orphaned and separated youths in …

Operational Experiences Associated With The Implementation Of Near Point-Of-Care Early Infant Diagnosis Of Hiv In Myanmar: A Qualitative Study, Win Lei Yee, Hla Htay, Yasmin Mohamed, Claire E. Nightingale, Htay Htay Tin, Win Thein, Latt Latt Kyaw, Win Win Yee, Moe Myat Aye, Stanley Luchters

Population Health, East Africa

Background: Timely diagnosis and early initiation of life-saving antiretroviral therapy are critical factors in preventing mortality among HIV-infected infants. However, resource-limited settings experience numerous challenges associated with centralised laboratory-based testing, including low rates of testing, complex sample referral pathways and unacceptably long turnaround times for results. Point-of-care (POC) HIV testing for HIVexposed infants can enable same-day communication of results and early treatment initiation for HIV-infected infants. However, complex operational issues and service integration can limit utility and must be well understood prior to implementation. We explored and documented the challenges and enabling factors in implementing the POC Xpert® HIV-1 …

Probabilistic Measures Of Hiv-1 Transmission In Different Hiv-1 Key Population Groups Of Larkana, Pakistan, Syed Rizwan-Ul-Hasa, Abiha Abdullah, Shakil Arshad Siddiqui, Shakil Ahmed, Sharaf Ali Shah, Fatima Mir, Syed Hani Abidi

Medical College Documents

Objective: To estimate the probability of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 transmission from different key HIV population groups using probabilistic modelling.
Methods: This study was conducted in December 2020. A probabilistic model was used to estimate the probability of HIV-1 transmission from different key HIV population groups in Larkana. Our model was run on three probabilistic assumptions: 1) each replication gave two conceivable results: 'true' or 'false'; 2) the chance of giving a 'true' result is the same for each replication; and 3) the replications are independent - 'true' in one will not impact the likelihood of 'true' in another.
Results: …

Longitudinal Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (Prep) Acceptability, Initiation And Adherence Among Criminal Justice-Involved Adults In The Usa: The Southern Prep Cohort Study (Specs) Protocol, Katherine Lemasters, Carrie B. Oser, Mariah Cowell, Katie Mollan, Kathryn Nowotny, Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein

Sociology Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: HIV prevalence among criminal justice (CJ)-involved adults is five times higher than the general population. Following incarceration, CJ-involved individuals experience multilevel barriers to HIV prevention. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a widely available, daily medication efficacious in preventing HIV. Little is known about PrEP knowledge, acceptability, initiation and sustained use among CJ-involved persons or about how these outcomes vary by multilevel factors. The Southern Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Study (SPECS) will investigate barriers and facilitators for PrEP initiation and sustained use among CJ-involved adults, building a foundation for PrEP interventions for this underserved population.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: SPECS uses a mixed-methods sequential …

The Intersection Of Hiv, Covid-19 And Systemic Racism, Gary F. Spinner

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

ABSTRACT

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic has taken the greatest toll on racial and ethnic minorities in the United States. Blacks and Latinxs suffer greater disease incidence, prevalence, morbidity and mortality from HIV as compared with Whites. Similarly, the Covid-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has disproportionately affected Blacks, Latinxs, and Native Americans causing higher rates of infection, more severe disease, and higher rates of mortality as compared with Whites. The pandemic of racism is as ubiquitous as the pandemics of HIV and Covid-19. Its sustaining forces drive wealth inequality, poverty, racially segregated and overcrowded housing, unequal employment opportunities, unequal …

Applying Health Stigma Framework To Examine The Mechanisms Of Hiv-Related Stigma On Clinical Outcomes, Chengbo Zeng

Theses and Dissertations

Background: HIV clinical outcomes including CD4 count, viral suppression, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), are important indicators reflecting immunologic functioning, treatment efficacy, and overall health quality. However, due, in part, to HIV-related stigma, many people living with HIV (PLWH) experience suboptimal clinical outcomes. The Health Stigma Framework introduced the potentially distinct mechanisms underlying internalized, anticipated, enacted stigma and health outcomes through psycho-behavioral pathways. Based on this framework, this dissertation investigated the impacts and mechanisms of HIV-related stigma on clinical outcomes among PLWH in Guangxi, China from a longitudinal perspective. Methods: Data at baseline, 6-, 12-, 18- month follow-ups …

Determinan Konsistensi Penggunaan Kondom Pada Laki-Laki Seks Dengan Laki-Laki (Lsl) Non-Pekerja Seks: Studi Potong Lintang, Arum Zulaikhah, Sudarto Ronoatmodjo

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Kasus baru HIV di Indonesia cenderung terus mengalami peningkatan. Sedangkan, tren kasus baru di dunia sudah mengalami penurunan. Laki-laki Seks dengan laki-laki (LSL) merupakan kelompok risiko tinggi HIV. Upaya pencegahan penularan HIV erat kaitannya dengan perilaku seks. Studi ini menggunakan 1.161 sampel Survei Terpadu Biologi dan Perilaku (STBP) 2015 pada kelompok LSL yang termasuk bukan pekerja seks. Studi cross sectional ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan perilaku seks konsistensi penggunaan kondom dengan analisis hingga bivariat dengan menggunakan chi-square dan prevalence ratio. Data didapatkan dengan metode respondent driven sampling (RDS) yang kemudian mengeksklusi LSL pekerja seks. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berhubungan …

Food Insecurity And Frailty Among Women With And Without Hiv In The United States: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Judy Y. Tan, Lila A. Sheira, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Deborah Gustafson, Anjali Sharma, Daniel Merenstein, Mardge H. Cohen, Elizabeth Golub, Andrew Edmonds, Igho Ofotokun, Margaret Fischl, Deborah Konkle-Parker, Torsten Neilands, Phyllis Tien, Sheri D. Weiser

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Frailty is frequently observed among people with HIV, and food insecurity is associated with frailty in the general population. Evidence is scarce on the associations between food insecurity and frailty among women with HIV who maybe particularly vulnerable to the impacts of food insecurity. The goal of this study was to assess associations between food insecurity and frailty among women with and without HIV.

Methods: There were 1265 participants from the Women’s Interagency HIV Study who participated in frailty assessments in2017. Frailty was measured using the Fried Frailty Phenotype, and women were subsequently categorized as robust, pre-frailor frail. …

Dating App Use Among Rural Men Who Have Sex With Men And Its Relationship To Hiv Prevention And Risk Behaviors: A Mixed-Methods Analysis, Lauren Bineau, Danielle Lambert, Natalia Truszczynski, Nathan Hansen, Carolyn Lauckner

Center for Health Equity Transformation Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Men who have sex with men (MSM) in rural areas have limited access to HIV prevention and education resources. Given the growing usage of mobile dating apps among the wider MSM population, this research sought to explore their use among MSM in rural areas and their potential for delivering HIV prevention information.

METHODS: Participants were recruited from different areas of the rural Southern USA. This mixed-methods study consisted of an online survey (n=85) and follow-up qualitative phone interviews with 20 survey respondents. The survey assessed dating app use, sexual behaviors, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness, usage, and attitudes among …

Inter-Related Factors Influencing Sexual Quality Of Life Among Women Living With Hiv In Banten Province, Indonesia: A Mixed Methods Study, Dyah Juliastuti, Judith Dean, Yati Afiyanti, Lisa Fitzgerald

Kesmas

Socio-cultural concerns often restrict women's sexual rights and well-being living with HIV (WLHIV) in developing countries. These convergent parallel mixed methods study combined quantitative and qualitative approaches to explore factors influencing WLHIV sexual quality of life in Banten Province, Indonesia. A 2017 cross-sectional survey of 207 reproductive-aged WLHIV was analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression statistics. Furthermore, in-depth interviews with a sub-sample of survey participants (n = 30) were thematically analyzed. Most of the women (60%) involved reported loss of sexual pleasure and depressed sexual life. Meanwhile, 48% affirmed low sexual quality of life which was associated with unemployment …

Hiv Risk Factors, Enacted Stigma, And Testing Outcomes Among Men Who Have Sex With Men In Florida, Sarah Suarez

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Crucial to ending the HIV epidemic is the prompt identification of HIV through testing services. National recommendations suggest everyone should test for HIV at least annually, and those with higher risk should test more often (for example, every 3 to 6 months). An estimated 66% of new HIV infections in 2018 occurred among men who have sex with men (MSM). Florida is third in the nation for HIV diagnoses among adults and adolescents (25.0 per 100,000 population) with an estimated 119,661 persons living with HIV; MSM account for 74% of the cases. This dissertation used the American Men’s Internet Survey …

Neurocognitive Impairment In People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv): Risk Factors And Mortality, Zaeema Naveed

Theses & Dissertations

Despite the widespread use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment (NCI) persists in people living with HIV (PLWH) with clinical and public health implications. Studies have generated inconsistent results regarding etiological factors for NCI in PLWH and a brief user-friendly predictive tool is desirable in clinical practice to assess the probability of having NCI in PLWH. Furthermore, factors associated with clinically meaningful decline in neurocognitive status and survival disadvantage for patients with NCI are understudied in the post-cART era. The goal of this dissertation was to investigate factors associated with baseline NCI and neurocognitive decline and the association …

Mitigating Isolation Of People Aging With Hiv During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Brandon Brown, Jeff Taylor, Celia B. Fisher

Covid-19 Digital Research

Before COVID-19, the HIV/AIDS pandemic had arguably been the worst public health crisis in the United States. Although an HIV diagnosis was previously regarded as a death sentence, the development of combination therapy in the 1990s transformed HIV into a largely manageable chronic condition.

Characteristics And Outcomes Of Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia Of Patients With And Without Hiv Infection In Argentina, Alejandra González

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main causative agent of pneumonia, with a 10 to 25 percent rate of isolation in blood cultures. Controversies exist regarding the prognostic impact of a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on community-acquired pneumonia.

The aim of our work was to analyze and compare the clinical presentation, radiological findings and progression of pneumococcal pneumonia in patients infected with and not infected with HIV. We retrospectively analyzed adult patients with positive blood cultures for Streptococcus pneumoniae and clinical and radiological findings compatible with pneumonia in the period between January 2012 and May 2017. Age, sex, comorbidities, …

Dietary Intake Is Associated With Neuropsychological Impairment In Women With Hiv, Leah H. Rubin, Deborah R. Gustafson, Lakshmi Warrior, Lila Sheira, Kathryn C. Fitzgerald, Raha Dastgheyb, Kathleen M. Weber, Phyllis C. Tien, Audrey French, Amanda B. Spence, Anjali Sharma, Dionna W. Williams, Cory J. White, Eric C. Seaberg, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Sheri D. Weiser

Faculty Publications

Background

Diet is a modifiable risk factor that may influence cognition in people with HIV.

Objectives

We examined the association between dietary intake and cognition in women with HIV (WWH) and HIV-seronegative women.

Methods

An 18-item dietary National Cancer Institute screener was completed by 729 WWH and 346 HIV-seronegative Women's Interagency HIV Study participants. Daily intake frequencies of processed meats, sweet beverages, fish, whole milk, and vegetables were calculated. Participants completed biennial neuropsychological (NP) testing. NP domains included attention/working memory, executive function, processing speed, memory, learning, fluency, and motor function. NP impairment was defined as demographically adjusted T-scores (mean = …

Burden Of Gonorrhea Among Hiv+ Department Of Defense Beneficiaries, Alisson Baya

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Changes In Genital Inflammatory Biomarkers Associated With Hiv Pathogenesis In Survivors Of Acute Sexual Assault, Liana Bethala, Erica Hardy, Mimi Ghosh

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

The Association Between Progestin-Based Contraceptive Usage And Genital Inflammatory Immune Biomarkers For Hiv Acquisition In Adolescent Females In Washington, Dc, Michelle Yang, Mélodie Nasr, Annette Aldous, Jason Daniels, Christopher Joy, Eleanor Capozzi, Patricia Moriarty, Vanessa Emmanuel-Baker, Sharyn Malcolm, Veronica Gomez-Labo, Mimi Ghosh

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Hiv Protease Drug Resistance Mutations In Five American Cities, 1999-2015, Gracelyn Hill

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Assessing Hiv Care Transition Readiness Among Adolescents And Youth Aged 13-24 Years: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Leah Harris, Heather J. Hoffman, Nara Lee, Yaphet Bryantb, Gretchen Cruz-Figueroa, Kristen Richards, Natella Rakhmanina

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.