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Articles 1 - 30 of 36
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Alternative Revenue Generation In Ontario Municipalities: The Utilization Of Municipal Accommodation Tax (Mat), Hayley Watts
Alternative Revenue Generation In Ontario Municipalities: The Utilization Of Municipal Accommodation Tax (Mat), Hayley Watts
MPA Major Research Papers
In recent years the Province of Ontario has enabled municipalities to adopt accommodation taxes as a revenue generating tool. There is an absence of data in Canada as to what this revenue is being utilized for. Most of the literature on the topic comes out of the United States and Europe, where hotel and accommodation taxes have been commonplace for many years, although a lot of the research focuses on the impacts of accommodation taxes on tourism. Hypothesising that the accommodation tax in Ontario is being utilized as a revenue-generating tool to offset other line items in municipal budgets, this …
Pot For Potholes: Could Cannabis Taxation Revenues Solve The Municipal Infrastructure Funding Deficit In Ontario?, Lori Jivan
MPA Major Research Papers
In Canada, it is estimated that the total value of core municipal infrastructure is over $1.1 trillion dollars or about $80,000 per household. Of this value one-third is in poor or very poor condition which increases the risk of service disruption. Municipalities are struggling to fund these infrastructure renewal needs with limited revenue tools. Property taxes remain the largest source of revenue for Canadian municipalities but are currently insufficient to meet their long-term needs. Municipalities in Ontario have been advocating for additional revenue tools to address this challenge. This paper uses a common set of evaluation criteria to analyze three …
The Practice Of Local Policymaking: Understanding Decision Maker Roles And Agency In Local Implementation Contexts, Katherine L. Salter
The Practice Of Local Policymaking: Understanding Decision Maker Roles And Agency In Local Implementation Contexts, Katherine L. Salter
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This dissertation presents three studies that, collectively, seek to contribute to our understanding of the practice of implementation policymaking grounded in the experience of the practitioner. Herein, policymaking is conceptualized as a shared set of practices enacted by actors purposefully engaged in collective performances. This thesis makes important contributions to the iterative processes of theorizing by advancing knowledge about local policymaking practices in the following ways: 1) creation of the Knowledge Enactment in Practice Settings (KEPS) framework as a guide to assist in the exploration of knowledge-based practices including the co-creation of context; 2) use of new insights informed by …
Police Prevention Of Domestic Homicide: Missed Opportunities And Barriers To Change, Michael D. Saxton
Police Prevention Of Domestic Homicide: Missed Opportunities And Barriers To Change, Michael D. Saxton
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This integrated-article dissertation focused on the critical role of police in responding to domestic violence (DV) and recognizing the potential risk of adult and child homicides. The first study examined the police role in domestic homicide through an analysis of cases reviewed by the Domestic Violence Death Review Committee in Ontario, Canada. Homicide cases with police contact were found to have 1.6 times more risk factors compared to those without police contact. Cases also show an overall scarcity of formal risk assessments, even when there was prior police contact. The second study was a national survey on the types of …
Dating Violence And Homicide With Younger Adults: Are We Taking The Dangers Seriously Enough?, Corinne Qureshi
Dating Violence And Homicide With Younger Adults: Are We Taking The Dangers Seriously Enough?, Corinne Qureshi
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
A significant proportion of domestic violence involves dating partners, however little research has examined domestic homicides in this context. The purpose of the current study was to examine domestic homicides in the context of dating violence in comparison to cohabiting and married couples. The dataset for these comparisons was derived from the Ontario Domestic Violence Death Review Committee (DVDRC). The study hypothesized that dating partners would differ from their cohabiting and married counterparts in several areas due to the unique nature of dating relationships, whereby they are less likely to be characterized by legal, economic, and familial ties to their …
Rape Myths In Digital Spaces: An Analysis Of High-Profile Sexual Assault Cases On Twitter, Madelaine E. Coelho
Rape Myths In Digital Spaces: An Analysis Of High-Profile Sexual Assault Cases On Twitter, Madelaine E. Coelho
2019 Undergraduate Awards
As demonstrated through the #metoo and Time’s up Movements, sexual assault has proven to be an inescapable facet of everyday life. While sexual assault literature has expanded to explore the digitization of sexual violence and rape culture, there has been less attention to how rape myths permeate digital spaces such as Twitter. To explore rape myths in online spaces, this paper analyzes over 10,000 tweets related to high-profile sexual assault cases in order to understand what Twitter users are saying about high-profile cases of sexual violence. Furthermore, these tweets are analyzed to understand their meaning in the context of rape …
Making Occupations Possible? A Critical Analysis Of Social Assistance Policy In Ontario, Nedra R. Peter
Making Occupations Possible? A Critical Analysis Of Social Assistance Policy In Ontario, Nedra R. Peter
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This thesis reports on a two-part study exploring the occupational possibilities of people receiving social assistance in Ontario. The research conducted in this thesis was guided by the research question: How does social assistance in the form of Ontario Works and the Ontario Disability Support Program influence occupational possibilities for adults living in poverty? Guided by a governmentality perspective, Laliberte Rudman (2010) proposes that social and political processes shape expectations and possibilities for occupations. Occupational possibilities refer to the occupations that are supported and promoted by various aspects of the broader systems and structures in which lives are lived (Laliberte …
Aboriginal Offender Parole Outcomes, Truman Paul Tremblay
Aboriginal Offender Parole Outcomes, Truman Paul Tremblay
The Dissertation in Practice at Western University
This paper outlines an Organizational Improvement Plan (OIP) and addresses a current Problem of Practice (PoP) in Aboriginal federal corrections. The Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) is a federal department mandated by the Corrections and Conditional Release Act. Notably, this Act mandates the CSC to be responsive to the special needs of Aboriginal offenders. Aboriginal offenders have long been over-represented within the Canadian corrections system; consequently, there is tremendous pressure on the CSC to address the gap in outcomes between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal offenders. The PoP considers the role of the Aboriginal Initiatives Directorate within CSC and describes the impact …
An Exploration Of Gender Differences In Higher Risk Young Offenders: Implications For Assessment And Service Delivery, Jordyn G. Webb
An Exploration Of Gender Differences In Higher Risk Young Offenders: Implications For Assessment And Service Delivery, Jordyn G. Webb
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Current research examining services for male and female youth in the criminal justice system has focused primarily on males and then generalizes findings to reflect the needs of females. However, more recent literature has identified critical differences between males and females involved in the youth criminal justice system, recognizing that females have unique concerns that need to be reflected in services and interventions. This study examined 277 high-risk, violent and chronic offending youth referred to an urban-based court clinic between the years 2010-2015. The youths' files contained information related to psychological functioning, family history, and information related to outside agencies …
Social Relationships In Young Offenders: Relevance To Peers, Poverty, And Psychological Adjustment, Victoria Sabo
Social Relationships In Young Offenders: Relevance To Peers, Poverty, And Psychological Adjustment, Victoria Sabo
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The increasing influence of peers in adolescence is related to a developing array of skills, aspirations, attitudes, and behaviours. The nature and magnitude of this influence and the potential association of certain youth with deviant peers is among the most prominent risk factors in predicting youth crime. This becomes of greater concern for economically disadvantaged youth, whose neighbourhoods harbour greater susceptibility to negative peer influence. With social affiliations at the forefront of youth development and criminality, research efforts need to further characterize the nature, constitution, and influence of peers on adolescent offending. Two hundred and eighty-one Canadian youth were sampled …
Towards Evidence-Informed Agriculture Policy Making: Investigating The Knowledge Translation Practices Of Researchers In The National Agriculture Research Institutes In Nigeria, Isioma N. Elueze
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This study investigated the knowledge translation practices of researchers in the National Agriculture Research Institutes of Nigeria and the utilization of research knowledge by policy actors in the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Nigeria. Data for the study was obtained from agriculture researchers and the policy actors through questionnaires and interviews. In addition, bibliometric and content analysis were carried out on documents from the research institutes and the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development to gauge the transfer and use of knowledge by the researchers and policy actors respectively. Out of about six hundred questionnaires that …
Driving Decision-Making: An Analysis Of Policy Diffusion And Its Role In The Development And Implementation Of Ridesharing Regulations In Four Canadian Municipalities, Lisa Shields
MPA Major Research Papers
Throughout the world, ridesharing services compete with the highly regulated taxicab industry and governments have been compelled by various interest groups to address the regulatory uncertainty that has resulted from the emergence of the sharing economy. This paper examines the literature on policy diffusion and applies the relevant concepts to explain the proliferation of ridesharing regulations in Canada. It chronicles the experiences of four large Canadian municipalities – Edmonton, Calgary, Ottawa, and Toronto – and it documents the similarities in the regulatory frameworks adopted by these municipalities and other North American jurisdictions where transportation network companies are regulated. The research …
The Impact Of Prior Experience Employees’ Perceptions And Beliefs About Workplace Policies And Practices, Michael D. Saxton
The Impact Of Prior Experience Employees’ Perceptions And Beliefs About Workplace Policies And Practices, Michael D. Saxton
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Domestic violence (DV) is associated with negative consequences for victims, children, families, and even national economies. More recently, research has demonstrated that DV also has a serious impact on workers and workplaces. Less is known about Canadians’ beliefs toward the impact DV has on workers or the extent to which individuals are able to identify co-workers’ experiences of DV. Using data from a pan-Canadian sample of 7,834 men and women, the current study examined: 1) how prior experiences with DV relates to beliefs toward the impact DV has on workers, 2) how gender and age relates to beliefs toward DV’s …
Transwomen And The Prison Industrial Complex, Naciza Masikini
Transwomen And The Prison Industrial Complex, Naciza Masikini
2016 Undergraduate Awards
As one of the fastest growing populations in the prison system, transwomen have a unique relationship with the prison system and the Prison Industrial Complex. These systems work to further the marginalization of transwomen by subjecting them to psychological and sexual violence. Transwomen’s bodies are criminalized in ways that naturalizes the violence they experience both in the prisons and in the court systems. This paper aims to provide an overview of the ways in which transwomen are dehumanized in their encounters with the criminal justice system (i.e. mis-gendering, the physical and sexual abuse they experience) by contextualizing their experiences. Through …
Elusive Peace, Security, And Justice In Post-Conflict Guatemala: An Exploration Of Transitional Justice And The International Commission Against Impunity In Guatemala (Cicig), Daniel W. Schloss
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Guatemala has, until today, struggled to achieve security and justice following the end of nearly half a century of civil war in 1996. One specific institution, the International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG), has been implemented to rectify many of the Guatemalan state’s difficulties in establishing and maintaining the rule of law. In this thesis, I look to better explain CICIG’s role in Guatemala relative to security and justice in a post-conflict setting: I define CICIG as an institution potentially capable of building societal trust, and I explain how the inclusion of procedural justice within transitional justice can help …
Ontario College Of Teachers Cases Of Teacher Sexual Misconduct, Taryn Mototsune
Ontario College Of Teachers Cases Of Teacher Sexual Misconduct, Taryn Mototsune
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Teacher sexual misconduct in Ontario was examined by using cases reviewed by the Ontario College of Teachers between 2000 and 2013. Despite the impetus by key stakeholders to develop appropriate policies to circumvent teacher-student sexual relationships, this phenomenon is still not well understood. The current study found that around 92 percent of perpetrators are men. The results indicate that male perpetrators who abuse elementary school-aged males are more likely to have multiple victims and longer offending careers. This study found less intrusive sexual behaviour, fewer multiple victim perpetrators, and shorter offending careers in more recent cases. This suggests that the …
Policing In Ontario: Financial Impacts And Opportunities, Michael Touw
Policing In Ontario: Financial Impacts And Opportunities, Michael Touw
MPA Major Research Papers
This paper examines police forces across Canada and the United States in an effort to determine why there are such large discrepancies in per capita policing costs between Ontario and North American comparators. While there are obvious differences between the various states, provinces, and territories in North America, and not all are similar to Ontario, all jurisdictions were nonetheless assessed and compared with the expectation that the variances might help to explain the figures for per capita police cost. The data was collected from a variety of sources, including Statistics Canada and the U.S. Census Bureau, as well as various …
The Revitalization Of Social Housing: An Analysis Of Mixed-Income Housing In The City Of Toronto, Zoie Browne
The Revitalization Of Social Housing: An Analysis Of Mixed-Income Housing In The City Of Toronto, Zoie Browne
MPA Major Research Papers
This paper examines whether community-based organizations (CBOs) offer a viable strategy for addressing social and community development issues within mixed-income housing in Toronto. It analyzes how and under what conditions mixed income housing developments produce a vibrant base of CBOs that reflect the social diversity of residents and it explores the extent to which mixed income developments build a sense of community with reference to the St. Lawrence Neighbourhood. Interview data is used to provide empirical evidence regarding both the physical and social principles relating to community development in the area. The findings reveal that the success of a model …
Health Conditions And Health-Policy Innovations In Brazil: The Way Forward, Cesar G. Victoria, Mauricio L. Barreto, Maria Do Carmo, Carlos A. Monteiro, Maria Ines Schmidt, Jairnilson Paim, Francisco I. Bastos, Celia Almeida, Ligia Bahia, Claudia Travassos, Michael Reichenheim, Fernando C. Barros
Health Conditions And Health-Policy Innovations In Brazil: The Way Forward, Cesar G. Victoria, Mauricio L. Barreto, Maria Do Carmo, Carlos A. Monteiro, Maria Ines Schmidt, Jairnilson Paim, Francisco I. Bastos, Celia Almeida, Ligia Bahia, Claudia Travassos, Michael Reichenheim, Fernando C. Barros
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
No abstract provided.
Law Enforcement Expenditures And Crime Rates In Canadian Municipalities: A Statistical Analysis Of How Law Enforcement Expenditures Impact Municipal Crime Rates In Canada, Matthew Slotwinski
Law Enforcement Expenditures And Crime Rates In Canadian Municipalities: A Statistical Analysis Of How Law Enforcement Expenditures Impact Municipal Crime Rates In Canada, Matthew Slotwinski
MPA Major Research Papers
This paper examines what impact law enforcement expenditures have on municipal crime rates. An analysis of 65 municipalities representing nine provinces across Canada was conducted using data collected from the Police Resources in Canada reports from 1997 to 2007 and Census data from 2001 and 2006. The findings reveal that although a significant absolute relationship between expenditures and crime rates exists, there is no indication that law enforcement expenditures have an impact of statistical significance on crime rates.
Foreward, Jerry White, Peter Dinsdale, Dan Beavon
Foreward, Jerry White, Peter Dinsdale, Dan Beavon
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
No abstract provided.
Finding A Place For Race At The Policy Table: Broadening The Indigenous Education Discourse In Canada, Tracy L. Friedel
Finding A Place For Race At The Policy Table: Broadening The Indigenous Education Discourse In Canada, Tracy L. Friedel
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
No abstract provided.
Incarceration And The Aboriginal Offender: Potential Impacts Of The Tackling Violent Crime Act And The Corrections Review Panel Recommendations, Michelle M. Mann
Incarceration And The Aboriginal Offender: Potential Impacts Of The Tackling Violent Crime Act And The Corrections Review Panel Recommendations, Michelle M. Mann
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
No abstract provided.
Trafficking Of Aboriginal Women And Girls In Canada, Anette Sikka
Trafficking Of Aboriginal Women And Girls In Canada, Anette Sikka
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
No abstract provided.
Preventing Aboriginal Youth Gang Involvement In Canada: A Gendered Approach, Mark Totten
Preventing Aboriginal Youth Gang Involvement In Canada: A Gendered Approach, Mark Totten
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
No abstract provided.
Domestic Sex Trafficking Of Aboriginal Girls In Canada: Issues And Implications, Anupriya Sethi
Domestic Sex Trafficking Of Aboriginal Girls In Canada: Issues And Implications, Anupriya Sethi
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
No abstract provided.
The Social Determinants Of Health: Defining A Research Agenda For Canada’S Urban Aboriginal Population, Chantelle Richmond, Katie Big-Canoe
The Social Determinants Of Health: Defining A Research Agenda For Canada’S Urban Aboriginal Population, Chantelle Richmond, Katie Big-Canoe
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
No abstract provided.
Indian Status, Band Membership, First Nation Citizenship, Kinship, Gender, And Race: Reconsidering The Role Of Federal Law, Wendy Cornet
Indian Status, Band Membership, First Nation Citizenship, Kinship, Gender, And Race: Reconsidering The Role Of Federal Law, Wendy Cornet
Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)
No abstract provided.
The Evolution Of Community Policing In Chatham-Kent: Citizen Engagement, Organizational Change, And The Neighbourhood Policing Project, Dennis Poole
MPA Major Research Papers
This paper examines the factors that contribute to the successful implementation of community policing based on a case study of the neighbourhood policing program in Chatham-Kent. The findings reveal that police need to describe their mission in terms of crime prevention, fear reduction, and crime control and neighbourhood police officers can effectively address the local circumstances that lead to crime and disorder depending on the willingness of citizens to help them detect and solve crimes.
Community Mobilization In The Waterloo Regional Police Service: A Process Evaluation Of The Community Mobilization Initiative Of The Waterloo Regional Police Service, Matthew Torigian
MPA Major Research Papers
This paper examines the processes used by the Waterloo Regional Police Service in the implementation of the community mobilization approach based on an analysis of information gathered from a variety of sources, including stakeholder interviews, academic journals, and government reports. The findings reveal that there are disconnections within the Police Service among officers holding various ranks and responsibilities and this divide indicates confusion over the concept, philosophy, practice, and role of community mobilization and community policing.