Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library, The George Washington University
Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Profile Of The Social Work Workforce, Edward Salsberg, Leo Quigley, Nicholas Mehfoud, Kimberly D. Acquaviva, Karen Wyche, Shari Silwa
Profile Of The Social Work Workforce, Edward Salsberg, Leo Quigley, Nicholas Mehfoud, Kimberly D. Acquaviva, Karen Wyche, Shari Silwa
Health Workforce Research Center Publications
No abstract provided.
Clinician-Investigator Training And The Need To Pilot New Approaches To Recruiting And Retaining This Workforce., Alison K Hall, Sherry L Mills, P Kay Lund
Clinician-Investigator Training And The Need To Pilot New Approaches To Recruiting And Retaining This Workforce., Alison K Hall, Sherry L Mills, P Kay Lund
Neurology Faculty Publications
Clinician–investigators, also called physician–scientists, offer critical knowledge and perspectives that benefit research on basic science mechanisms, improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, population and outcomes medicine, health policy, and health services, yet few clinically trained health professionals pursue a research career. Sustaining this workforce requires attention to the unique challenges faced by investigators who must achieve clinical and research competence during training and their careers. These challenges include the duration of required clinical training, limited or discontinuous research opportunities, high levels of educational debt, balancing the dual obligations and rewards of clinical care and research, competition for research funding, and the …
Influence Of Pharmaceutical Marketing On Medicare Prescriptions In The District Of Columbia, Susan Wood, Joanna Podrasky, Meghan Mcmonagle, Janani Raveendran, Tyler Bysshe, Alycia Hogenmiller, Adriane Fugh-Berman
Influence Of Pharmaceutical Marketing On Medicare Prescriptions In The District Of Columbia, Susan Wood, Joanna Podrasky, Meghan Mcmonagle, Janani Raveendran, Tyler Bysshe, Alycia Hogenmiller, Adriane Fugh-Berman
Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications
Importance
Gifts from pharmaceutical companies are believed to influence prescribing behavior, but few studies have addressed the association between industry gifts to physicians and drug costs, prescription volume, or preference for generic drugs. Even less research addresses the effect of gifts on the prescribing behavior of nurse practitioners (NPs), physician assistants (PAs), and podiatrists.
Objective
To analyze the association between gifts provided by pharmaceutical companies to individual prescribers in Washington DC and the number of prescriptions, cost of prescriptions, and proportion of branded prescriptions for each prescriber.
Design
Gifts data from the District of Columbia’s (DC) AccessRx program and the …
Barriers And Facilitators To The Integration Of Mental Health Services Into Primary Health Care: A Systematic Review Protocol., Edith K Wakida, Dickens Akena, Elialilia S Okello, Alison Kinengyere, Ronald Kamoga, Arnold Mindra, Celestino Obua, Zohray M Talib
Barriers And Facilitators To The Integration Of Mental Health Services Into Primary Health Care: A Systematic Review Protocol., Edith K Wakida, Dickens Akena, Elialilia S Okello, Alison Kinengyere, Ronald Kamoga, Arnold Mindra, Celestino Obua, Zohray M Talib
Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications
Background
Mental health is an integral part of health and well-being and yet health systems have not adequately responded to the burden of mental disorders. Integrating mental health services into primary health care (PHC) is the most viable way of closing the treatment gap and ensuring that people get the mental health care they need. PHC was formally adapted by the World Health Organization (WHO), and they have since invested enormous amounts of resources across the globe to ensure that integration of mental health services into PHC works.
Methods
This review will use the SPIDER (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, …
Does Liberalizing State Nurse Practitioner Scope Of Practice Laws Affect The Primary Care Provider Composition And Productivity In Community Health Centers?, Jeongyoung Park, Xinxin Han, Ellen T. Kurtzman
Does Liberalizing State Nurse Practitioner Scope Of Practice Laws Affect The Primary Care Provider Composition And Productivity In Community Health Centers?, Jeongyoung Park, Xinxin Han, Ellen T. Kurtzman
Health Workforce Research Center Publications
The state scope of practice (SOP) laws determine the range of services nurse practitioners (NPs) can provide and the extent to which they can practice independently. This has been a hot topic amid concerns about primary care provider shortages in light of health reform coverage expansion. Many states consider liberalizing NP SOP laws in an effort to expand primary care capacity. As the demand for primary care increases, NPs are expected to have an active role in meeting primary care needs. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of expanded nurse practitioner (NP) scope of practice (SOP) …
Supporting And Retaining Village Health Teams: An Assessment Of A Community Health Worker Program In Two Ugandan Districts., Daniel C Mays, Edward J O'Neil, Edison A Mworozi, Benjamin J Lough, Zachary J Tabb, Ashlyn E Whitlock, Edward M Mutimba, Zohray M Talib
Supporting And Retaining Village Health Teams: An Assessment Of A Community Health Worker Program In Two Ugandan Districts., Daniel C Mays, Edward J O'Neil, Edison A Mworozi, Benjamin J Lough, Zachary J Tabb, Ashlyn E Whitlock, Edward M Mutimba, Zohray M Talib
Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications
Background
Uganda’s national community health worker program involves volunteer Village Health Teams (VHTs) delivering basic health services and education. Evidence demonstrates their positive impact on health outcomes, particularly for Ugandans who would otherwise lack access to health services. Despite their impact, VHTs are not optimally supported and attrition is a growing problem. In this study, we examined the support needs and existing challenges of VHTs in two Ugandan districts and evaluated specific factors associated with long-term retention. We report on findings from a standardized survey of VHTs and exploratory interviews with key stakeholders and draw conclusions that inform efforts to …
Religious Coping And Types And Sources Of Information Used In Making Prostate Cancer Treatment Decisions., Janice V Bowie, Caryn N Bell, Altovise Ewing, Ballington Kinlock, Ashley Ezema, Roland J Thorpe, Thomas A Laveist
Religious Coping And Types And Sources Of Information Used In Making Prostate Cancer Treatment Decisions., Janice V Bowie, Caryn N Bell, Altovise Ewing, Ballington Kinlock, Ashley Ezema, Roland J Thorpe, Thomas A Laveist
Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications
Treatment experiences for prostate cancer survivors can be challenging and dependent on many clinical and psychosocial factors. One area that is less understood is the information needs and sources men utilize. Among these is the influence of religion as a valid typology and the value it may have on treatment decisions. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between race, religion, and cancer treatment decisions in African American men compared with White men. Data were from the Diagnosis and Decisions in Prostate Cancer Treatment Outcomes Study that consisted of 877 African American and White men. The main …
Use Of Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing In Medicare Beneficiaries: Association With Previous Evaluation, G S. Cooper, T D. Kou, M D. Schluchter, A Dor, S M. Koroukian, S P. Kim
Use Of Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing In Medicare Beneficiaries: Association With Previous Evaluation, G S. Cooper, T D. Kou, M D. Schluchter, A Dor, S M. Koroukian, S P. Kim
Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications
Objective: Determine uptake of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing in Medicare beneficiaries according to previous receipt of PSA testing. Methods: A 5% random sample of men aged 67 years or older without a previous diagnosis of prostate cancer was identified through 2009-2012 Medicare claims. We measured the annualized frequency of PSA screening among men due for PSA testing, stratified by PSA testing use in the previous 2 years, and clustered by ordering provider. Results: Throughout the study period, PSA testing use was consistently higher for men with previous screening than for men without previous screening. For men without previous screening, there …
The Role Of The Heart Score And Clinical Decision Units In Ed Patients With Chest Pain, Gregory Jasani, Jesse M. Pines, Caitlin Carter
The Role Of The Heart Score And Clinical Decision Units In Ed Patients With Chest Pain, Gregory Jasani, Jesse M. Pines, Caitlin Carter
Center for Health Care Quality
Every year, millions of patients present to Emergency Departments across the country complaining of chest pain. Even after traditional ED testing which includes electrocardiograms, laboratory testing, and chest radiography, chest pain patients still have a small but real risk of serious illness. The HEART score is a new tool that has been validated to help risk-stratify patients. Clinical Decision Units decrease cost and length of stay without compromising patient safety, allowing for complete evaluations of these patients.
Projected Financial Losses Experienced By Community Health Centers Under A Scenario Of Major Cuts In Key Sources Of Federal Funding: 2018-2022, Avi Dor, Eric Luo, Ali Moghtaderi, Anne Rossier Markus
Projected Financial Losses Experienced By Community Health Centers Under A Scenario Of Major Cuts In Key Sources Of Federal Funding: 2018-2022, Avi Dor, Eric Luo, Ali Moghtaderi, Anne Rossier Markus
Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative
Congress is currently considering options to significantly reduce federal funding for the Medicaid expansion and the Marketplace subsidies implemented under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Separately, the Health Centers Fund, which currently accounts for 70% of all federal health center grant funding, is set to expire in September 2017. These potential changes in federal funding could have a dramatic impact on health centers and the communities they serve. The purpose of this brief is to simulate the potential combined impact of these major changes in federal funding that will directly affect community health centers. Secondarily, this brief also assesses the …
How Could Repealing Key Provisions Of The Affordable Care Act Affect Community Health Centers And Their Patients?, Sara J. Rosenbaum, Jessica Sharac, Thao-Chi Tran, Anne Rossier Markus, David Reynolds, Peter Shin
How Could Repealing Key Provisions Of The Affordable Care Act Affect Community Health Centers And Their Patients?, Sara J. Rosenbaum, Jessica Sharac, Thao-Chi Tran, Anne Rossier Markus, David Reynolds, Peter Shin
Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative
Analyses of repeal of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) have tended to focus on coverage. This study, which gauges the potential effects of repealing certain ACA provisions, looks at the question of primary health care access itself, with a focus on medically underserved communities. A survey developed and fielded in early 2017 asked community health centers to estimate the impact of ending the Health Centers Fund established under the ACA as well as ending expanded Medicaid coverage and subsidies designed to make private insurance affordable for lower income patients. Forty-one percent of health centers responded; 69 percent were located in …
Health Workforce Research Centers (Hwrcs) Key Findings, 2013-2016, Clese Erikson
Health Workforce Research Centers (Hwrcs) Key Findings, 2013-2016, Clese Erikson
Health Workforce Research Center Publications
No abstract provided.
The Cost Of Cost-Sharing: The Impact Of Medicaid Benefit Design On Influenza Vaccination Uptake, Charles Stoecker, Alexandra M Stewart, Megan Lindley
The Cost Of Cost-Sharing: The Impact Of Medicaid Benefit Design On Influenza Vaccination Uptake, Charles Stoecker, Alexandra M Stewart, Megan Lindley
Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications
ncome persons. State Medicaid policy may affect the uptake of recommended adult vaccinations. We examined the impact of three aspects of Medicaid benefit design (coverage for vaccines, prohibiting cost-sharing, and copayment amounts) on vaccine uptake in the fee-for-service Medicaid population 19–64 years old. We combined previously published reports to obtain state Medicaid policy information from 2003 and 2012. Data on influenza vaccination uptake were taken from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We used a differences-in-differences framework, controlling for national trends and state differences, to estimate the effect of each benefit design factor on vaccination uptake in different Medicaid-eligible populations. …
Veterans - Best Practices For Effective Transitions Into The Nursing Profession, Mary Jean Schumann, Gretchen Wiersma
Veterans - Best Practices For Effective Transitions Into The Nursing Profession, Mary Jean Schumann, Gretchen Wiersma
Health Workforce Speaker Series
No abstract provided.
Bridging The Divide White Paper: Pregnant Women And Substance Use: Overview Of Research & Policy In The United States, Darla Bishop, Liz Borkowski, Megan Couillard, Amy Allina, Susanna Baruch, Susan Wood
Bridging The Divide White Paper: Pregnant Women And Substance Use: Overview Of Research & Policy In The United States, Darla Bishop, Liz Borkowski, Megan Couillard, Amy Allina, Susanna Baruch, Susan Wood
Jacobs Institute of Women's Health
This paper examines the current literature and policy implications of substance use and substance use disorders among pregnant and parenting women. While this is not meant to serve as an exhaustive literature review on this topic, it seeks to describe: current research on health effects of substance use and substance use disorders on pregnant women1 and their children; policies and programs that help ensure that pregnant women who use substances have access to the highest quality healthcare, including prenatal care; the current barriers to accessing treatment for substance use disorders for pregnant women, including those who are incarcerated; and the …
The Economic And Employment Consequences Of Repealing Federal Health Reform: A 50 State Analysis, Leighton Ku, Erika Steinmetz, Erin Brantley, Brian K. Bruen
The Economic And Employment Consequences Of Repealing Federal Health Reform: A 50 State Analysis, Leighton Ku, Erika Steinmetz, Erin Brantley, Brian K. Bruen
Health Policy and Management Issue Briefs
Donald Trump and Congressional leaders have stated their intent to repeal the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA or Obamacare). This report examines the consequences of repealing two key elements: (1) federal premium tax credits that help low and middle income Americans afford insurance policies bought through the Health Insurance Marketplaces (exchanges) and (2) federal payments to states for expansions of Medicaid eligibility for low-income adults. Congress passed similar legislation (H.R. 3762) in late 2015, which President Obama vetoed.
This report analyzes how the repeal of these policies could affect state-level employment, economies and fiscal conditions. If tax credits …
Evolving Workforce Roles In Medicare Next Generation Acos, Clese E Erikson
Evolving Workforce Roles In Medicare Next Generation Acos, Clese E Erikson
Health Workforce Research Center Publications
The purpose of this study was to explore key workforce strategies in Next Generation Accountable Care Organizations (Next Gen ACOs), the latest evolution in Medicare ACOs. We conducted semi-structured interviews with leaders from seven of the initial 18 Next Gen ACOs to better understand their perceptions regarding how workforce roles are changing to support the Next Gen ACO model. Key Questions:
- What new and expanded roles for existing health workforce members are reported by Next Generation ACO leaders?
- Has use of the health workforce changed as a result of Next Gen waivers for telehealth, home visits, and use of SNFs? …
The Changing Roles Of Community Health Workers, Mary-Beth Malcarney, Patricia Pittman, Leo Quigley, Naomi Seiler, Katie B. Horton
The Changing Roles Of Community Health Workers, Mary-Beth Malcarney, Patricia Pittman, Leo Quigley, Naomi Seiler, Katie B. Horton
Health Workforce Research Center Publications
Community Health Workers (CHWs) have been gaining attention from policymakers because of their unique role in addressing health disparities and socioeconomic drivers of disease, and because of their potential integration into the health care delivery system. To date, there has been limited research specifically describing the variation in CHWs’ roles and relationships, and how that variation relates to management, to financing, to health system integration, and to the competencies CHWs should have in different contexts.
This report provides a snapshot of the varied landscape of CHW programs to better understand how CHWs are integrating with the health system both in …
Health Reform Repeal Could Cause 3 Million People To Lose Jobs And Trigger Broad Economic Disruption, Leighton Ku, Erika Steinmetz, Erin Brantley, Brian K. Bruen
Health Reform Repeal Could Cause 3 Million People To Lose Jobs And Trigger Broad Economic Disruption, Leighton Ku, Erika Steinmetz, Erin Brantley, Brian K. Bruen
Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative
Issue: The incoming Trump administration and Republicans in Congress are seeking to repeal the Affordable Care Act (ACA), likely beginning with the law’s insurance premium tax credits and expansion of Medicaid eligibility. Research shows that the loss of these two provisions would lead to a doubling of the number of uninsured, higher uncompensated care costs for providers, and higher taxes for low-income Americans.
Goal: To determine the state-by-state effect of repeal on employment and economic activity.
Methods: A multistate economic forecasting model (PI+ from Regional Economic Models, Inc.) was used to quantify for each state the effects of the federal …
Community Health Centers: Recent Growth And The Role Of The Aca, Sara Rosenbaum, Julia Paradise, Anne Rossier Markus, Jessica Sharac, Chi Tran, David Reynolds, Peter Shin
Community Health Centers: Recent Growth And The Role Of The Aca, Sara Rosenbaum, Julia Paradise, Anne Rossier Markus, Jessica Sharac, Chi Tran, David Reynolds, Peter Shin
Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative
Community health centers are the nation’s largest source of comprehensive primary care for medically underserved communities and populations. Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), increased patient revenues due to the expansion of Medicaid and private health insurance, along with substantially increased direct federal investment in the program, have led to growth in the number of health centers and their capacity to provide services. This brief draws on 2015 federal data on health centers and our 2016 Survey of Health Centers’ Experiences and Activities under the Affordable Care Act to provide a snapshot of health centers and their patients, analyze recent …
Repealing Federal Health Reform: Economic And Employment Consequences For States, Leighton C. Ku, Erika Steinmetz, Erin Brantley, Brian K. Bruen
Repealing Federal Health Reform: Economic And Employment Consequences For States, Leighton C. Ku, Erika Steinmetz, Erin Brantley, Brian K. Bruen
Health Policy and Management Issue Briefs
Issue: The incoming Trump administration and Republicans in Congress are seeking to repeal the Affordable Care Act (ACA), likely beginning with the law’s insurance premium tax credits and expansion of Medicaid eligibility. Research shows that the loss of these two provisions would lead to a doubling of the number of uninsured, higher uncompensated care costs for providers, and higher taxes for low-income Americans.
Goal: To determine the state-by-state effect of repeal on employment and economic activity.
Methods: A multistate economic forecasting model (PI+ from Regional Economic Models, Inc.) was used to quantify for each state the effects of the federal …
Influence Of Pharmaceutical Marketing On Medicare Prescriptions In The District Of Columbia., Susan F Wood, Joanna Podrasky, Meghan A Mcmonagle, Janani Raveendran, Tyler Bysshe, Alycia Hogenmiller, Adriane Fugh-Berman
Influence Of Pharmaceutical Marketing On Medicare Prescriptions In The District Of Columbia., Susan F Wood, Joanna Podrasky, Meghan A Mcmonagle, Janani Raveendran, Tyler Bysshe, Alycia Hogenmiller, Adriane Fugh-Berman
Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications
Importance
Gifts from pharmaceutical companies are believed to influence prescribing behavior, but few studies have addressed the association between industry gifts to physicians and drug costs, prescription volume, or preference for generic drugs. Even less research addresses the effect of gifts on the prescribing behavior of nurse practitioners (NPs), physician assistants (PAs), and podiatrists.
Objective
To analyze the association between gifts provided by pharmaceutical companies to individual prescribers in Washington DC and the number of prescriptions, cost of prescriptions, and proportion of branded prescriptions for each prescriber.
Design
Gifts data from the District of Columbia’s (DC) AccessRx program and the …
Multimorbidity: Constellations Of Conditions Across Subgroups Of Midlife And Older Individuals, And Related Medicare Expenditures, Siran Koroukian, Nicholas Schiltz, David Warner, Jiayang Sun, Kurt Strange, Charles Given, Avi Dor
Multimorbidity: Constellations Of Conditions Across Subgroups Of Midlife And Older Individuals, And Related Medicare Expenditures, Siran Koroukian, Nicholas Schiltz, David Warner, Jiayang Sun, Kurt Strange, Charles Given, Avi Dor
Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications
Introduction:
The Department of Health and Human Services’ 2010 Strategic Framework on Multiple Chronic Conditions called for the identification of common constellations of conditions in older adults.
Objectives:
To analyze patterns of conditions constituting multimorbidity (CCMM) and expenditures in a US representative sample of midlife and older adults (50–64 and ≥65 years of age, respectively).
Design:
A cross-sectional study of the 2010 Health and Retirement Study (HRS; n=17,912). The following measures were used: (1) count and combinations of CCMM, including (i) chronic conditions (hypertension, arthritis, heart disease, lung disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer, and psychiatric conditions), (ii) functional limitations (upper …