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Articles 1 - 30 of 47
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Climbing The Corporate Ladder And Within-Person Changes In Narcissism: Reciprocal Relationships Over Two Decades, Bart Wille, Joeri Hofmans, Filip Lievens, Mitja D. Back, Filip De Fruyt
Climbing The Corporate Ladder And Within-Person Changes In Narcissism: Reciprocal Relationships Over Two Decades, Bart Wille, Joeri Hofmans, Filip Lievens, Mitja D. Back, Filip De Fruyt
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Prior research demonstrated that narcissism fosters the attainment of higher managerial ranks in organizations. However, it is not known whether climbing the corporate ladder also fosters the development of narcissism over time. Whereas prior work consistently adopted a unidirectional perspective on narcissism and career attainment, this study presents and tests a bidirectional perspective, incorporating long-term development in narcissism in relation to and in response to long-term upward mobility. To this end, a cohort of highly educated professionals was assessed three times over a 22-year time frame. Extended latent difference score modeling showed that, over the entire interval, within-person changes in …
Individual Differences In Executive Function And Reappraisal: A Latent-Variable Analysis, Wei Xing Toh
Individual Differences In Executive Function And Reappraisal: A Latent-Variable Analysis, Wei Xing Toh
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
Cognitive reappraisal is an adaptive emotion regulation strategy that positively impacts various facets of adaptive functioning (e.g., interpersonal relations, subjective well-being). Although reappraisal implicates cognitive processing, a clear consensus concerning the cognitive underpinnings of reappraisal has not yet been reached. Therefore, we examined how executive function (EF)—i.e., three general-purpose control abilities comprising working memory, inhibition, and shifting—are associated with performance-based reappraisal ability and self-reported reappraisal frequency. Using a latent-variable approach, we found that the shared variance among EF tasks (i.e., common EF)—a general goal-management ability that facilitates the active maintenance of task goals—significantly predicted reappraisal ability, but not reappraisal frequency. …
Women’S Preferences For Men’S Facial Masculinity Are Strongest Under Favorable Ecological Conditions, U. M. Marcinkowska, M. J. Rantala, A. J. Lee, M. V. Kozlov, T. Aavik, H. Cai, J. Contreras- Garduno, B. J. Dixon, O. A. David, Li, Norman P., Norman. P. Li, I. E. Onyishi, K. Prasai, F. Pazhoohi, P. Prokop, S. L. Rosales Cardozo, N. Sydney, H. Taniguchi, I. Krams, B. J. W. Dixon
Women’S Preferences For Men’S Facial Masculinity Are Strongest Under Favorable Ecological Conditions, U. M. Marcinkowska, M. J. Rantala, A. J. Lee, M. V. Kozlov, T. Aavik, H. Cai, J. Contreras- Garduno, B. J. Dixon, O. A. David, Li, Norman P., Norman. P. Li, I. E. Onyishi, K. Prasai, F. Pazhoohi, P. Prokop, S. L. Rosales Cardozo, N. Sydney, H. Taniguchi, I. Krams, B. J. W. Dixon
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The strength of sexual selection on secondary sexual traits varies depending on prevailing economic and ecological conditions. In humans, cross-cultural evidence suggests women’s preferences for men’s testosterone dependent masculine facial traits are stronger under conditions where health is compromised, male mortality rates are higher and economic development is higher. Here we use a sample of 4483 exclusively heterosexual women from 34 countries and employ mixed effects modelling to test how social, ecological and economic variables predict women’s facial masculinity preferences. We report women’s preferences for more masculine looking men are stronger in countries with higher sociosexuality and where national health …
Why People Self-Sabotage, And How To Stop It, David Chan
Why People Self-Sabotage, And How To Stop It, David Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In an invited commentary, SMU Behavioural Sciences Institute Director Professor David Chan explains how the science of self-sabotage can help us understand why people sometimes choose to say and do things that defeat their own goals and offer solutions to deal with the problem.
Bidirectional Associations Between Obesity And Cognitive Function In Midlife Adults: A Longitudinal Study, Andree Hartanto, Jose C. Yong, Wei Xing Toh
Bidirectional Associations Between Obesity And Cognitive Function In Midlife Adults: A Longitudinal Study, Andree Hartanto, Jose C. Yong, Wei Xing Toh
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The links between obesity and cognition remain equivocal due to a variety of methodological limitations with current research, such as an overreliance on body mass index (BMI) as a measure of obesity, the use of cross-sectional designs, and inadequate specification over the domains of cognitive function to be examined. To address these issues, we used data from the Cognitive Project of the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States, a large-scale, longitudinal dataset on non-institutionalized midlife adults (N = 2652), which enabled us to examine the long-term bidirectional relations between obesity and two latent factors of cognition—executive function …
The Psychology Of Pro-Environmental Support: A Global Problem In Need Of Global Solutions, Kimin Eom, Viki Papadakis, David K. Sherman, Heejung S. Kim
The Psychology Of Pro-Environmental Support: A Global Problem In Need Of Global Solutions, Kimin Eom, Viki Papadakis, David K. Sherman, Heejung S. Kim
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
We review research that provides a sociocultural perspective on proenvironmental support. Despite the increasing volume of psychological research on proenvironmental action, there has been a relative dearth of consideration of sociocultural contexts, which poses critical theoretical and practical limitations to understanding and fostering proenvironmental actions across diverse populations. The sociocultural perspective posits that the primary motives driving action are context dependent. Building on this perspective, our research examines significant divergence in key determinants of proenvironmental support, focusing on several sociocultural variables, including national culture (individualism-collectivism), socioeconomic status, and religion. This program of research shows that personal environmental beliefs more directly …
The Role Of Bilingual Interactional Contexts In Predicting Interindividual Variability In Executive Functions: A Latent Variable Analysis, Andree Hartanto, Hwajin Yang
The Role Of Bilingual Interactional Contexts In Predicting Interindividual Variability In Executive Functions: A Latent Variable Analysis, Andree Hartanto, Hwajin Yang
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Despite a growing number of studies on bilingual advantages in executive functions (EF), their findings have been inconsistent. To shed light on this issue, we aimed to address both the conceptual and methodological limitations that have prevailed in the literature: failure to consider diverse bilingual experiences when assessing bilingual advantages or to address the task impurity problems that can arise with EF tasks. Drawing on the adaptive control hypothesis and control process model of code-switching, we adopted theory-driven and latent variable approaches to examine the relations between bilingual interactional contexts and EF. By administering 9 EF tasks to 175 bilingual …
Reading Collective Emotions: East-West Dichotomy, Singapore Management University
Reading Collective Emotions: East-West Dichotomy, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
Research shows how and why different cultures vary in recognising collective emotional information
What Are The Most Powerful Predictors Of Charitable Giving To Victims Of Typhoon Haiyan: Prosocial Traits, Socio-Demographic Variables, Or Eye Cues?, Zoi Manesi, Paul A. M. Van Lange, Niels J. Van Doesum, Thomas V. Pollet
What Are The Most Powerful Predictors Of Charitable Giving To Victims Of Typhoon Haiyan: Prosocial Traits, Socio-Demographic Variables, Or Eye Cues?, Zoi Manesi, Paul A. M. Van Lange, Niels J. Van Doesum, Thomas V. Pollet
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Major natural disasters often prompt charities to start rallying for extra donations. However, little is known about which variables predict disaster donations most strongly. Here we focused on donations to victims of typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines (2013). A multifaceted approach combined three potential predictors: (a) prosocial traits (social value orientation and social mindfulness, or SVO and SoMi), (b) socio-demographic variables, and (c) minimal social cues (eye images). Participants (N = 643) completed an online survey in which they decided whether or not to spend time on a fundraising task to support the typhoon victims. Results of this exploratory study …
Falling For Falsehoods: A Diet For Prevention, Wei Teck Ong, Andree Hartanto
Falling For Falsehoods: A Diet For Prevention, Wei Teck Ong, Andree Hartanto
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Consuming information in a discerning manner can help us resist dubious claims.
Why And How Public Trust Matters, David Chan
Why And How Public Trust Matters, David Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
To build high trust cities, governments need to better understand the relationships linking people, leaders and the cities they inhabit. Behavioural scientist Professor David Chan explains the psychology of public trust.
Bilingualism Narrows Socioeconomic Disparities In Executive Functions And Self-Regulatory Behaviors During Early Childhood: Evidence From The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Andree Hartanto, Wei Xing Toh, Hwajin Yang
Bilingualism Narrows Socioeconomic Disparities In Executive Functions And Self-Regulatory Behaviors During Early Childhood: Evidence From The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Andree Hartanto, Wei Xing Toh, Hwajin Yang
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Socioeconomic status (SES) and bilingualism have been shown to influence executive functioning during early childhood. Less is known, however, about how the two factors interact within an individual. By analyzing a nationally representative sample of approximately 18,200 children who were tracked from ages 5 to 7 across four waves, both higher SES and bilingualism were found to account for greater performance on the inhibition and shifting aspects of executive functions (EF) and self‐regulatory behaviors in classroom. However, only SES reliably predicted verbal working memory. Furthermore, bilingualism moderated the effects of SES by ameliorating the detrimental consequences of low‐SES on EF …
Reappraisal And Savoring As Mediators Of The Effect Of Informal Mindfulness Practice On Well-Being, Yan Qiang Tan
Reappraisal And Savoring As Mediators Of The Effect Of Informal Mindfulness Practice On Well-Being, Yan Qiang Tan
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
Although extensive research has been conducted on the effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), the processes through which MBIs affects well-being are still unclear. Furthermore, most of the current mindfulness research has focused on formal mindfulness practice. I aim to contribute to the field by studying the effects of informal mindfulness practice delivered through a mobile application in a two-week experience sampling study. Well-being was examined at three levels: immediately after completing an informal mindfulness exercise, at the end-of-the-day, and retrospective assessments of the two-week intervention period. I examined two possible mediators of the effect of the MBI on well-being: reappraisal …
Will Society Break Down When Women Earn More Than Men?, Singapore Management University
Will Society Break Down When Women Earn More Than Men?, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
Relationships may be even happier when females pull in the big bucks
Understanding Pro-Environmental Intentions By Integrating Insights From Social Mobility, Cosmopolitanism, And Social Dominance, Angela K. Y. Leung, Brandon Koh
Understanding Pro-Environmental Intentions By Integrating Insights From Social Mobility, Cosmopolitanism, And Social Dominance, Angela K. Y. Leung, Brandon Koh
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
To offer an integrative account bridging individuals’ sociocultural orientations with pro-environmentalism, the current research tested the mediating and moderating relationships among pro-environmental intentions and three person-level factors: perceived social mobility, cosmopolitan orientation, and social dominance orientation (SDO). With a Singaporean college student sample (N = 220), we found support for the hypothesized second-stage moderation model that perceived social mobility positively predicts cosmopolitan orientation, and in turn, cosmopolitan orientation is moderated by SDO to positively predict pro-environmental intentions. Specifically, lower levels of SDO strengthen the pro-environmental advantages of endorsing higher levels of cosmopolitan orientation. These findings add novel knowledge to the …
Uniquely U: The Effects Of Tertiary Education Disciplines On The Development Of Dual Self-Construals And Its Impact On Conflict Management Tendencies, Wan Yee Choo
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
While the effects of self-construal on one’s conflict management tendencies are well-documented, the effects of dual self-construals on conflict management tendencies are under-explored. In present paper, two studies were conducted to explore how tertiary education disciplines could influence the development of dual self-construals among Singaporeans which, in turn, determine their conflict management tendencies, as well as, how context influences the switch of different self-construals and conflict management styles. Our findings revealed that individuals from business disciplines displayed greater competitive conflict management tendencies than their peers from social science disciplines and this relationship is mediated by their endorsement of independent self-construal. …
I Want To Be Busy: Instrumental Regulation Of Busyness Among Conscientious Individuals, Brandon Koh
I Want To Be Busy: Instrumental Regulation Of Busyness Among Conscientious Individuals, Brandon Koh
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
A sense of busyness, the subjective feeling of having a long and effortful work schedule, is increasingly prevalent in today’s societies. Although people commonly feel busy because of externally imposed work pressures, the motivated self-regulation perspective suggests that people might intentionally put themselves in a busy state for instrumental reasons. Grounded in the instrumental emotion regulation framework, this research theorizes that people instrumentally regulate themselves to experience busyness – a negative affect – to facilitate a performance motive. In other words, people might desire to feel busyness despite its unpleasant hedonic tone in order to attain higher performance. Results from …
Cross-Cultural Media Effects Research, Jinhee Kim, Kimin Eom
Cross-Cultural Media Effects Research, Jinhee Kim, Kimin Eom
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Despite the substantial development of media effects research, one critical dimension, cultures, has not been actively examined. Most of the theoretical accounts have been derived from Western thought systems, and relevant empirical studies have been conducted mostly in the U.S. or Western Europe. Except for the areas of advertising and health campaigning, very little media effects research has used a cross-cultural framework. In this chapter, we review scholarly work that compares and contrasts portrayals of media messages and their uses/effects/processes of one culture with those from a different culture. Cultures are often equated with national groups, but concept of cultures …
Seeking And Ensuring Interdependence: Commitment Desirability And The Initiation And Maintenance Of Close Relationships, Kenneth Tan, Christopher R. Agnew, Benjamin W. Hadden
Seeking And Ensuring Interdependence: Commitment Desirability And The Initiation And Maintenance Of Close Relationships, Kenneth Tan, Christopher R. Agnew, Benjamin W. Hadden
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The current research offers and examines the concept of commitment desirability, defined as the subjective desire to be involvedin a committed romantic relationship at a given time. In pursuing their desire for a committed romance, how do individualshigh in commitment desirability strategically ensure success? We suggest that high perceived partner commitment is soughtby individuals who themselves desire to be involved in a committed relationship. In three studies involving individuals bothcurrently involved and not involved in a relationship, we found support for the hypothesized interactive effect of commitmentdesirability and perceived partner commitment, such that greater commitment desirability was associated with more …
Constructed Response Formats And Their Effects On Minority-Majority Differences And Validity, Filip Lievens, Paul R. Sackett, Jeffrey Dahlke, Janneke Oostrom, Britt De Soete
Constructed Response Formats And Their Effects On Minority-Majority Differences And Validity, Filip Lievens, Paul R. Sackett, Jeffrey Dahlke, Janneke Oostrom, Britt De Soete
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The inflow of immigrants challenges organizations to consider alternative selection procedures that reduce potential minority (immigrants)-majority (natives) differences, while maintaining valid predictions of performance. To deal with this challenge, this paper proposes response format as a practically and theoretically relevant factor for situational judgment tests (SJTs). We examine a range of response format categories (from traditional multiple-choice formats to more innovative constructed response formats) and conceptually link these response formats to mechanisms underlying minority-majority differences. Two field experiments are conducted with SJTs. Study 1 (274 job seekers) contrasts minority-majority differences in scores on a multiple-choice versus a written constructed response …
To Thank Or Not To Thank: Understanding The Differences Between Gratitude And Indebtedness After Receiving A Favor Through Emotion Appraisals, Motivations And Behaviors, Ze Ling Nai
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
Objective: This study aimed to distinguish between daily experiences of gratitude and indebtedness through three stages - emotional appraisals, motivations to reciprocate and behavioural tendencies. Through these three stages, I aimed to gain a better insight into the emotional process involved before and after receiving favours. Method: 196 participants were recruited from Singapore Management University to take part in a 14-day diary study. Every two days, participants were asked to report a favour they received over the past two days and evaluate the favour based on their appraisals of the experience. They were also asked to report their motivation to …
The Effects Of Perceived Decision-Making Styles On Evaluations Of Openness And Competence That Elicit Collaboration, Ming-Hong Tsai, Nadhilla Velda Melia, Verlin B. Hinsz
The Effects Of Perceived Decision-Making Styles On Evaluations Of Openness And Competence That Elicit Collaboration, Ming-Hong Tsai, Nadhilla Velda Melia, Verlin B. Hinsz
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
When interacting with a task partner, individuals often rely upon characteristics they infer about their partner to determine their level of collaboration with the partner. To explore social perception processes related to collaboration, we examined perceptions of an actor’s decision-making style as predictors. Using different methods in various research settings, we found that compared with perceptions of an actor’s intuitive decision-making style or of a nonspecific decision-making style, perceptions of an actor’s rational decision-making style were more positively associated with inferences of the actor’s openness and competence, both of which were in turn associated with the perceiver’s collaborative intention with …
Video Gaming Can Benefit Students: Study, Andree Hartanto, Wei Xing Toh
Video Gaming Can Benefit Students: Study, Andree Hartanto, Wei Xing Toh
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Video gaming is not inherently bad if treated as a form of leisure activity that can help young people to de-stress during the weekends.
Information Sampling, Judgment And The Environment: Application To The Effect Of Popularity On Evaluations, Gaël Le Mens, Jerker Denrell, Balázs Kovacs, Hülya Karaman
Information Sampling, Judgment And The Environment: Application To The Effect Of Popularity On Evaluations, Gaël Le Mens, Jerker Denrell, Balázs Kovacs, Hülya Karaman
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
If people avoid alternatives they dislike, a negative evaluative bias emerges because errorsof under-evaluation are unlikely to be corrected. Prior work that analyzed this mechanismhas shown that when the social environment exposes people to avoided alternatives (i.e. itmakes them resample them), then evaluations can become systematically more positive. In this paper, we clarify the conditions under which this happens. By analyzing a simple learning model, we show that whether additional exposures induced by the social environment lead to more positive or more negative evaluations depends on how prior evaluations and the social environment interact in driving resampling. We apply these …
Economic Cycles As A Source Of Social Influence On Individuals, Nina Sirola
Economic Cycles As A Source Of Social Influence On Individuals, Nina Sirola
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The current review summarizes emerging research in psychology and associated disciplines showing that the economic cycles exert social influence on individuals across a range of psychological domains. Most research on social influence focused on how factors in the proximal environment impact individuals, while influences emanating from the state of the economy as a whole received far less attention. I review the development of different intellectual traditions examining social influence to explain the relative lack of attention to economic cycles and position emerging work on the topic relative to past research. I then review research on how economic cycles influence individuals …
East Asian Low Marriage And Birth Rates: The Role Of Life History Strategy, Culture, And Social Status Affordance, Jose Yong, Norman P. Li, Peter K. Jonason, Yi Wen Tan
East Asian Low Marriage And Birth Rates: The Role Of Life History Strategy, Culture, And Social Status Affordance, Jose Yong, Norman P. Li, Peter K. Jonason, Yi Wen Tan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Although economic development is broadly associated with low fertility, countries with a predominantly East Asian cultural population exhibit the lowest fertility rates in the developed world. This study (N = 243) examined social status affordance (SSA) as a novel factor underlying cultural variations in marriage and childbearing attitudes. Drawing from a life history perspective, we argue that SSA reflects the availability and ease of attaining social status from the environment, which then influences people's reproductive motivations. We found that strong competition for prestigious jobs in developed East Asian countries, which is hypothesized to be an outcome of their collectivistic nature …
Restructured Frame-Of-Reference Training Improves Rating Accuracy, Ming-Hong Tsai, Serena Wee, Brandon Koh
Restructured Frame-Of-Reference Training Improves Rating Accuracy, Ming-Hong Tsai, Serena Wee, Brandon Koh
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The use of heuristic judgments is prevalent in organizations and negatively impacts accurate employee assessments. To minimize the negative impact of heuristic judgments (i.e., anchoring and adjustment), we aim to improve rating accuracy by restructuring frame‐of‐reference (FOR) training. We conducted five studies (N = 1,143) using different samples (three including participants with hiring experience), training environments (onsite and online), and rating contexts (evaluations of sales representatives, teachers, contract negotiation specialists, and retail store managers). Across the five studies, the average improvement in rating accuracy was at least twice as large for restructured FOR (vs. control) training as it was for …
Why Smart Leaders Fail, David Chan
Why Smart Leaders Fail, David Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In an invited commentary, SMU Behavioural Sciences Institute Director Professor David Chan discussed leadership issues in the Singapore context. He explained how the selection and development of leaders need to go beyond academic abilities to focus on non-academic attributes, especially the ability to make effective judgements in practical situations.
A Closer Look At Response Options: Is Judgment In Situational Judgment Tests A Function Of The Desirability Of Response Options?, Katarina Kaminski, Jorg Felfe, Philipp Schaepers, Stefan Krumm
A Closer Look At Response Options: Is Judgment In Situational Judgment Tests A Function Of The Desirability Of Response Options?, Katarina Kaminski, Jorg Felfe, Philipp Schaepers, Stefan Krumm
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The current study builds on the current scholarly debate about SJTs potentially being less situational than previously assumed. Specifically, we respond to recent calls to examine general (situation unspecific) information included in response options as a guide to SJT responses. Across three consecutive studies and three different forms of SJT administration (standard, without situation descriptions, under fake-good instructions), the relevance of social desirability of response options on SJT responses was examined. Results suggest that social desirability of response options is significantly related to test takers' response. This finding generalized across different forms of SJT administration. Across studies and together with …
The Differential Impact Of Interactions Outside The Organization On Employee Well-Being, Devasheesh P. Bhave, Freyr Halldórsson, Eugene Kim, Alexandru M. Lefter
The Differential Impact Of Interactions Outside The Organization On Employee Well-Being, Devasheesh P. Bhave, Freyr Halldórsson, Eugene Kim, Alexandru M. Lefter
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We examine two different perspectives of interactions outside the organization: the relational work design perspective and the emotional labour perspective. The relational work design perspective suggests that interactions outside the organization have favourable outcomes for employees, whereas the emotional labour perspective suggests that such interactions have adverse outcomes for employees. Our goal is to reconcile findings from these two research streams. In Study 1, using data from employees working in diverse occupations, we find that interactions outside the organization have a positive indirect effect on employee well‐being via task significance, and a negative indirect effect on employee well‐being via surface …