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Understanding The Relative Attentional Demands Of The Dimensions Of Interface Consistency, Jeremy Mendel
Understanding The Relative Attentional Demands Of The Dimensions Of Interface Consistency, Jeremy Mendel
All Dissertations
A consistent interface is thought to be beneficial because it allows users to draw on previous training and experience when operating a new interface. Design guidelines like the eight golden rules of interface design argue that a highly consistent interface improves system usability (Shneiderman, 1987). However, interface consistency is not monolithic; instead it is a complex, multidimensional construct. I refer to the two dimensions of interface consistency as perceptual consistency (the appearance) and conceptual consistency (the functionality) of an interface. Perceptual consistency considers aspects like interface layout and orientation; conceptual consistency considers how the system operates or responds. I sought …
The Effects Of 0.2 Hz Varying Latency With 20-100 Ms Varying Amplitude On Simulator Sickness In A Helmet Mounted Display, Matthew St. Pierre
The Effects Of 0.2 Hz Varying Latency With 20-100 Ms Varying Amplitude On Simulator Sickness In A Helmet Mounted Display, Matthew St. Pierre
All Dissertations
The relationship between the occurrence of simulator sickness (SS) and the several characteristics of latency (i.e., added latency, amplitude of latency, and frequency of latency) in a helmet-mounted display (HMD) were explored in this study. The experience of SS while using an HMD has often been attributed to system latency. These findings are typical in research where HMDs with head trackers are used. The current study explored the effects of 200 ms added constant latency, latency varying at 0.2 Hz with a constant 100 ms amplitude, and latency varying at 0.2 Hz with a 20-100 ms varying amplitude on the …
Preventing Misuse And Disuse Of Automated Systems: Effects Of System Confidence Display On Trust And Decision Performance, Margaux Price
Preventing Misuse And Disuse Of Automated Systems: Effects Of System Confidence Display On Trust And Decision Performance, Margaux Price
All Dissertations
Complex decision-making may be aided by forms of automation known as decision-support systems (DSS). However, no DSS is completely reliable and so it is imperative that users know when they should and should not trust it (calibration of trust). Previous research has shown that providing users with information about the DSS's confidence in its own advice ('system confidence') can help improve the calibration of user's trust of automation and actual system reliability on a trial by trial basis. The current study examined how the nature of the presentation of system confidence information affected user's trust calibration. The first study examined …
Call It Courage: The Effects Of Perspective, Humility, Locus Of Control, And Social Desirability On Perceptions Of Accolade Courage In Male Student And Military Populations, Chad Breeden
All Theses
Courage - despite millennia of contemplation - is only now seeing efforts at empirical study and definition. Recent studies have attempted to break down the component parts of courage, but do not address why courage appears to only be bestowed on others and rarely to oneself: a phenomenon known as courage blindness (Biswas-Deiner, 2012). This paper examines how individuals attribute courage to themselves and how they attribute it to others. Male military personnel (n =86) and male college students (n =106) read 14 scenarios of varying courage, rating the courageousness of themselves or another person based on the action. Multiple …
Observers' Judgments Of The Effects Of Glare On Visual Acuity, Ashley Sewall
Observers' Judgments Of The Effects Of Glare On Visual Acuity, Ashley Sewall
All Theses
Traffic collisions and pedestrian fatalities increase significantly when driving at night. There is a need for greater roadway visibility when driving at night and the use of high beam headlights can significantly improve the distance at which drivers recognize objects along the roadway. However, research suggests that drivers underuse their high beams. It is possible that drivers do not use their high beam headlights in an effort to minimize glare to oncoming vehicles. The purposes of this experiment were to extend earlier research indicating that the visually impairing effects of glare may often be exaggerated and to investigate the role …
Effectiveness Of Ceo Blogs As A Recruiting Tool: Impact Of Message Congruence With Applicant Personality And Implicit Leadership Theories, Rebekkah Beeco
Effectiveness Of Ceo Blogs As A Recruiting Tool: Impact Of Message Congruence With Applicant Personality And Implicit Leadership Theories, Rebekkah Beeco
All Dissertations
Organizational recruitment websites have become an important tool for both recruiters and job seekers. The structural characteristics of such websites (e.g., aesthetics, usability) have received some attention but less research has examined the content of these websites. A weblog (or blog), specifically a leader or CEO blog, is one novel way that organizations can impact recruitment through their website. Although research is limited, anecdotal evidence suggests that blogs may be a powerful recruiting tool.
In line with research that suggests followers prefer leaders who are similar to themselves (e.g., Keller, 1999), the effectiveness of leader blog messages for recruitment purposes …
Effects Of Interaction With An Immersive Virtual Environment On Near-Field Distance Estimates, Bliss Altenhoff
Effects Of Interaction With An Immersive Virtual Environment On Near-Field Distance Estimates, Bliss Altenhoff
All Theses
Distances are regularly underestimated in immersive virtual environments (IVEs) (Witmer & Kline, 1998; Loomis & Knapp, 2003). Few experiments, however, have examined the ability of calibration to overcome distortions of depth perception in IVEs. This experiment is designed to examine the effect of calibration via haptic and visual feedback on distance estimates in an IVE. Participants provided verbal and reaching distance estimates during three sessions; a baseline measure without feedback, a calibration session with visual and haptic feedback, and finally a post-calibration session without feedback. Feedback was shown to calibrate distance estimates within an IVE. Discussion focused on the possibility …
Does Practice Make Perfect? Effects Of Practice And Coaching On Interview Performance, Katherine Williams
Does Practice Make Perfect? Effects Of Practice And Coaching On Interview Performance, Katherine Williams
All Dissertations
This study examined the incremental effectiveness of interview practice and feedback on candidates' interview performance. In addition, interviewee anxiety, impression management behaviors, and core self-evaluation were considered as intervening variables between the training manipulations and interview performance. In this experimental design, participants were assigned to one of three groups: the control group, the interview practice group, and the coaching group that received practice plus feedback from a counselor. Employer representatives evaluated subsequent interview performance within a final mock interview.
Hypotheses predicting differential effects of interview training on interview performance ratings were partially supported and relationships were discovered among additional variables. …
The Effects Of Accountability On Leniency Reduction In Self- And Peer Ratings On Team-Based Performance Appraisals, Brettney Smith
The Effects Of Accountability On Leniency Reduction In Self- And Peer Ratings On Team-Based Performance Appraisals, Brettney Smith
All Dissertations
The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of accountability on leniency reduction on self- and peer ratings on team-based performance appraisals when they were used for different purposes (developmental versus evaluative purposes). Accountability was operationalized as participants being told they would have to justify their self- and peer ratings of team behaviors to a local nuclear process control plant supervisor (lab study) or to their professors (field study). In the lab study, purpose was operationalized as participants being told that they would have to complete the Team Behaviors Form (TBF) to receive course credit. In the …
Hedonic Prediction And Likeability Effects In Evaluating Biodata For Selection, Peggy Tyler
Hedonic Prediction And Likeability Effects In Evaluating Biodata For Selection, Peggy Tyler
All Dissertations
Employees involved in the selection process for new co-workers are conventionally thought to be acting as agents for the interests of the hiring organization. But do individuals act as effective surrogates or are they making emotional predictions about their own personal compatibility with a potential colleague that influence their subsequent judgments? Three interlinking studies examined this question. First, a meta-analysis of the relationship between likeability and hireability was conducted in order to determine the effect size for the relationship between likeability and hiring. A corrected effect size of .60 indicated that likeability was a substantial factor in hiring, but there …
Working 5 To 9, What A Way To Make A Livin'! An Investigation Into The Relationship Between Shift And Turnover, Christie Kelley
Working 5 To 9, What A Way To Make A Livin'! An Investigation Into The Relationship Between Shift And Turnover, Christie Kelley
All Dissertations
The current study investigated burnout and engagement as mediators of the relationship between shift work and both turnover and turnover intentions. Further, perceived organizational support (POS) and work schedule justice (WSJ) were hypothesized to moderate the relationship between shift and two outcomes: engagement and burnout. The Job Demands-Resource model was used as a theoretical framework for the current study (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2004). The current study utilized a longitudinal sample of nurses to test the hypotheses with structural equation modeling. Further, differences were assessed between all employees and only full-time employees. Contrary to hypotheses, shift was not related to burnout …
Dispositional Resilience And Person-Environment Fit As Predictors Of College Student Retention, Melissa Waitsman
Dispositional Resilience And Person-Environment Fit As Predictors Of College Student Retention, Melissa Waitsman
All Dissertations
As more students drop out of college and the cost of leaving school without a degree rises, it becomes increasingly critical to help match students to a school that will educate them and facilitate graduation. While the college student retention literature has formulated a number of ideas and theories about how this may be accomplished, the current study uses an idea from the psychological literature, person-environment fit, in order to understand the role of an individual's fit with their college environment on student success. The current study examines individual differences in resilience as well as those in preferences for the …
An Examination Of The Relationships Between Autonomous Motivation And Situational Constraints With Job Attitudes, Intention To Leave, And General Stress: A Job Demands-Resources Approach, Kalifa Oliver
All Dissertations
The Job Demands- Resources (JD-R) model suggests that working conditions can be distinguished using two broad categories: job demands and job resources. This study examined the concurrent and longitudinal effects of perceived situational constraints (seen as a demand) and autonomous motivation (seen as a resource) on job attitudes, intention to leave, and general stress using an applied work setting. Data were collected by administrators at a midsized university campus over two time periods, separated by one year. Staff members were asked to complete an online survey that included a modified version of Ryan and Connell's (1989) Self-Regulation Scale for employees …
The Strength Of Hispanic Adolescents' Level Of Ethnic Identification And Their Parents' Level Of Self-Differentiation And Ethnic Identification To Predict Second Generation Hispanic Adolescents' Level Of Self-Differentiation, Nizel Fernandez
All Dissertations
During adolescents individuals develop many lasting features of their identity (Erikson, 1950, Bowen, 1978, Phinney, 1992, 1996, 2005) including the development of self-differentiation and multi-group ethnic identification. Bowen's (1978) theory of differentiation of self and Phinney's (Phinney, 1992) theory of multi-group ethnic identification provided the theoretical and measurement bases for the study. The purpose of this study was to examine the strength of Hispanic adolescents' level of multi-group ethnic identification and their parents' level of self-differentiation and multi-group ethnic identification in predicting second generation Hispanic adolescents' level of self-differentiation. One hundred two (102) Hispanic adolescents, ages 13 to 18, and …
Applying Visual Attention Theory To Transportation Safety Research And Design: Evaluation Of Alternative Automobile Rear Lighting Systems, Scott Mcintyre
Applying Visual Attention Theory To Transportation Safety Research And Design: Evaluation Of Alternative Automobile Rear Lighting Systems, Scott Mcintyre
All Dissertations
This experiment applies methodologies and theories of visual search and attention to the subject of conspicuity in automobile rear lighting. Based on these theories, this experiment has four goals. First, it is proposed that current research methods used to investigate rear lighting are inadequate and a proposed methodology based on the visual search paradigm is introduced. Second, demonstrate that current rear lighting on automobiles does not effectively meet the stated purpose of regulators. Third, propose a more effective system for increasing the conspicuity of brake lamps. A fourth goal is to validate and extend previous simulator research on this same …
The Effects Of Health Benefit Use On Organizational And Union Commitment Among Full And Part-Time Retail Employees, Skye Gillispie
The Effects Of Health Benefit Use On Organizational And Union Commitment Among Full And Part-Time Retail Employees, Skye Gillispie
All Theses
Previous research on employee benefits has found that benefits are related to various employee attitudes including job satisfaction, turnover intentions, organizational commitment, perceived organizational support, affective organizational commitment, and continuance organizational commitment (Blau et al., 2001; Sinclair, Leo, & Wright, 2005; Williams et al., 2002). The current study examined how health benefit use and health benefit satisfaction influence three types of commitment: affective organizational, continuance organizational and union loyalty. To date, researchers have never examined the differential effects of health benefits use in full and part-time employees. Given that it is uncommon for part-time employees to be offered benefits, part-time …
Is It You, Me, Or Am I Just Too Good? An Examination Of Behavioral Intentions And Recreation Activity Persistence, Austin Hochstetler
Is It You, Me, Or Am I Just Too Good? An Examination Of Behavioral Intentions And Recreation Activity Persistence, Austin Hochstetler
All Theses
ABSTRACT
Personal causation has been the subject of scholarly inquiry for some time. The theory of planned behavior attributes behavioral intentions to influences of subjective norms, attitudes, and perceived behavioral control (PBC). Behavior may be influenced by the pressure of important others, personal feelings toward the behavior, and people's perception of performing a behavior with ease. Self-efficacy refers to an individual's confidence in his or her ability to perform a given behavior that leads to a specific outcome. This study explored the connection between behavioral intention and activity persistence via an adapted model of the theory of planned behavior by …
They Were Framed! The Development And Validation Of Context-Specific Measures Of Individual Culture, Amber Schroeder
They Were Framed! The Development And Validation Of Context-Specific Measures Of Individual Culture, Amber Schroeder
All Dissertations
Early personality research often described behavior in terms of individual dispositions or stable behavioral tendencies (Allport, 1937; Cattell, 1957; Guilford, 1959), thus taking a context-independent view of personality. However, a recent review of thousands of empirical studies illustrated that even seemingly superficial changes to contextual variables can have a large impact on study results (Richard, Bond, & Stokes-Zoota, 2003). Yet, the use of non-contextualized measures of individual culture still remains the norm in cross-cultural research. Thus, utilizing a sample of more than 1,000 participants across two studies, work and nonwork measures of two cultural variables (i.e., individualism and collectivism) were …
An Engineering Psychology Based Analysis Of Ladder Setup Procedures, Alan Campbell
An Engineering Psychology Based Analysis Of Ladder Setup Procedures, Alan Campbell
All Theses
ABSTRACT
Accidents involving portable ladders are a common cause of serious occupational and non-occupational injuries throughout the industrialized world. Many of these injuries could be prevented with proper education, training and usage of portable ladders. This research focused on the human factors and engineering aspects of portable extension ladder usage. Results and analysis revealed evidence of unsafe acts that could lead to catastrophic ladder slide-out accidents in real-life situations. Six ladder setup methods were evaluated based on placement angles: the Basic, 75 Degree, Stand-Reach, L Sticker, 4:1, and Level methods. The level method produced the most accurate results with the …
How Leadership Can Influence Well-Being: The Roles Of Leader-Member Exchange And Social Support, Crystal Burnette
How Leadership Can Influence Well-Being: The Roles Of Leader-Member Exchange And Social Support, Crystal Burnette
All Theses
The present study examined how leadership can influence the impact of job demands on well-being by facilitating the development of known moderators of this relationship, such as social support. Direct and moderated relationships were proposed between job demands, leader-member exchange (LMX), supervisor social support, psychological well-being and emotional exhaustion. Data were collected from high-skilled employees and managers in a manufacturing plant in the People's Republic of China. Surveys were administered in two waves, allowing longitudinal relationships to be tested. As hypothesized, high-quality LMX relationships facilitated supervisor social support. Also as expected, supervisor social support had a direct positive relationship with …
Sources Of Variance In Bite Count, Jenna Scisco
Sources Of Variance In Bite Count, Jenna Scisco
All Dissertations
The obesity epidemic affects millions of individuals worldwide. New tools that simplify efforts to self-monitor energy intake may enable successful weight loss and weight maintenance. The purpose of this study was to examine predictors of the number of bites recorded by the bite counter device during daily meals in natural, real world settings. Participants (N = 83) used bite counters to record daily meals for two weeks. Participants also recorded their daily dietary intake using automated, computer-based 24-hour recalls. Predictors of bite count were explored at the meal-level and individual-level using multilevel linear modeling. A positive relationship between kilocalories and …