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Psychology

Theses/Dissertations

2009

Marshall University

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Parental Perceptions Of Weight In Their Own Children And In Other Children, Tammy Corbett-Alderman Jan 2009

Parental Perceptions Of Weight In Their Own Children And In Other Children, Tammy Corbett-Alderman

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Childhood obesity rates have risen dramatically in the past 50 years. Interest in the issue of obesity in the United States has grown significantly as our population has become increasingly heavier and our obesity associated health issues have become ever more apparent. Childhood obesity is a persistent problem as 80% of obese children grow up to be obese adults. Despite the alarming increase in childhood obesity little has been done to reverse this epidemic. The purpose of the present study was to determine if parents are able to identify excess weight in children other than their own. It was hypothesized …


The Status Of Violence Prevention In West Virginia Elementary Schools : A Case Study, Kristal Gayle Pentasuglia-Filipek Jan 2009

The Status Of Violence Prevention In West Virginia Elementary Schools : A Case Study, Kristal Gayle Pentasuglia-Filipek

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

While there is no absolute deterrent of school violence, West Virginia has taken definitive steps to try to ensure safety in our public schools. Since the launch of the Safe School initiative in 1995, training for principals, teachers and school personnel on crisis intervention and management plans have been ongoing. Students have undergone training in programs such as Peer Mediation, Natural Helpers, Life Skills, Bullying Prevention, Positive Behavior Support (PBS), and Respect to Protect. In addition, encouragement, mandating and providing funds for school safety and violence/crime prevention and intervention programs have been enacted legislatively. With the school security hardware, safety …


Supervisors’ Perspectives: Variables Influencing The Quality Of Supervision, Terra L. Rose Jan 2009

Supervisors’ Perspectives: Variables Influencing The Quality Of Supervision, Terra L. Rose

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A number of studies have sought to examine clinical supervision from the perspective of the supervisee; however, fewer studies have investigated the practice of supervision from the supervisor’s perspective. Using a survey approach, supervisors at all levels of expertise reported their experiences surrounding the applied and administrative aspects of supervision. Data examined training in supervision, typical supervision activities with supervisees, the value placed on supervision at work settings, and how administrative influences impact supervisory practice. Results indicated that supervisory practices were not consistent with empirically identified “best practices” of clinical supervision, with supervisors reporting not being provided the time, resources, …


Dynamic Indicators Of Basic Early Literacy Skills (Dibels): A Comparison Of Scoring Systems, Ashley E. Barr Jan 2009

Dynamic Indicators Of Basic Early Literacy Skills (Dibels): A Comparison Of Scoring Systems, Ashley E. Barr

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to compare scoring systems of the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills, commonly known as DIBELS. Currently, there are two systems for scoring the DIBELS assessments. The first system is a paper and pencil approach and the second system is electronic and utilizes a handheld palm-pilot. This study determined whether the electronically scored DIBELS produces the same scores as the hand-scored DIBELS. It was hypothesized that the electronically scored DIBELS will yield significantly different scores than the hand-scored DIBELS. Median scores obtained from the electronic palm-pilot were compared to median scores obtained from …


Teacher Burnout: Special Education Versus Regular Education, Amanda Roach Jan 2009

Teacher Burnout: Special Education Versus Regular Education, Amanda Roach

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Teacher burnout is a serious problem in education today. Studies have been conducted on teacher burnout and the effect it has on regular education and special education teachers. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of teacher burnout between regular education and special education teachers. One-hundred-and-two surveys were distributed to kindergarten through 12th grade teachers in two school districts in Ohio. Thirty-two surveys were randomly chosen for the study. Regular education teachers had higher scores on the Teacher Burnout Scale than special education teachers. There was no difference concerning job satisfaction between regular or special education teachers. …


Autobiographical Memory Specificity, Negative Mood State, And Executive Control: Implications For Clinical Depression, Billy J. Rutherford Jan 2009

Autobiographical Memory Specificity, Negative Mood State, And Executive Control: Implications For Clinical Depression, Billy J. Rutherford

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Reduced autobiographical memory specificity and executive control have been associated with clinical depression; however, evidence is inconclusive as to whether these impairments represent trait-like qualities of individuals with clinical depression or are associated with changes in mood state. The present study employed a mood induction procedure and a digit-recall task derived to interfere with working memory to test the role of current mood and executive functioning in the autobiographical memory of nondepressed college students. Non-depressed subjects recalled significantly fewer specific memories on an autobiographical memory test following an induced, negative mood state and also with a concurrent digit-recall task. Thus, …


Effects Of Divorce On Age And Gender On Childhood Aggression, Ashley Stapleton Jan 2009

Effects Of Divorce On Age And Gender On Childhood Aggression, Ashley Stapleton

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of divorce on children in regard to aggression. Specifically, the roles of age and gender in relation to the amount and type of aggression the children displayed were examined. The Aggression Questionnaire was administered to a nonclinical sample of 35 children ranging in age from 7 to 14 years old. The subjects consisted of a divorce and nondivorce group of 17 boys and 18 girls each. All subjects attended elementary school in middle-class Charleston, WV and/or Lanesville, IN. All subjects were tested individually using the Aggression Questionnaire. Subjects included age, …


Portraits Of Resiliency : A Qualitative Study Of Appalachian Christian Women, Joy A. Butcher-Winfree Jan 2009

Portraits Of Resiliency : A Qualitative Study Of Appalachian Christian Women, Joy A. Butcher-Winfree

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this dissertation was to evaluate how some women in Appalachia create meaning and purpose when faced with challenges, problems, and crises and how they make it through these difficult events. The following research questions informed this research: 1) What role does spirituality play in the process of resiliency; 2) How does a relationship with a higher power enhance a woman’s ability to bounce back from difficult situations; and 3) How do some Appalachian Christian women find meaning and purpose when faced with challenges, problems and crisis and how do they make it through? The study involved collection, …


Attitude Change Of Educators Utilizing Best Practices In Education, Sonya Christian Jan 2009

Attitude Change Of Educators Utilizing Best Practices In Education, Sonya Christian

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

It is purported that educator attitudes are highly important in many areas of education. This study examined if educator attitude change occurred as a result of teaching in a six-week summer school enrichment program that implements research-supported best practices in education. Participants were predominantly white female education students enrolled in a graduate school in West Virginia. Sixty-seven of them responded to a pre-post Likert-type survey developed by professors at the institution. Data was collected over two summers. Analysis of the data included bar graph comparisons and a Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test (p<0.05). The conclusions from this study yielded changes in educator attitudes on three questions in the survey. Implications for future study in this area are discussed.


The Relationship Between Parental Sense Of Competence And Parental Descriptions Of Behavior And Treatment, Rebecca Denning Jan 2009

The Relationship Between Parental Sense Of Competence And Parental Descriptions Of Behavior And Treatment, Rebecca Denning

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Although the literature has paid significant attention to treatments addressing externalizing behavior disorders, it has given less attention to the role of parental factors on treatment outcomes. This study used a qualitative methodology consisting of thirty semi-structured interviews with parents whose children had been in treatment for externalizing behavior problems for at least a month to examine how variations in parental sense of competence and self-efficacy are related to the ways in which parents describe their child’s behaviors, their response to behaviors, their investment in treatment, and their attribution of treatment outcomes. Thematic differences between participants with high parental sense …


High Stakes Testing Effects On Graduation Rates, Karen Gail Cummings Jan 2009

High Stakes Testing Effects On Graduation Rates, Karen Gail Cummings

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

With the inception of No Child Left Behind many states are now requiring students to pass a statewide exam in order to be promoted to the next grade or to graduate from high school. Opponents of these tests argue that high stakes testing decreases graduation rates among these students. They also argue that the tests are biased and unfair for minority students, students of low socioeconomic status, and students with disabilities who often fail the tests. The graduation rates for twenty-nine Appalachian counties in Ohio, a state that requires students to pass the Ohio Graduation Test in order to graduate, …


The Effect Of Character Education On Emotional Intelligence, Jennifer Doak Jan 2009

The Effect Of Character Education On Emotional Intelligence, Jennifer Doak

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Research has shown that children who fail to develop emotional intelligence are prone toward anti-social and self-destructive behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine if the book Sad, Mad, Glad and subsequent character education lesson plans have an effect on children’s emotional intelligence. Such results are important, because teaching children to be aware of their emotions helps them with self-regulation and social interaction. Also, it is important to determine if character education programs are effective before widespread implementation occurs in educational settings. Fifty-four students, ages 5-11, from the MUGC Summer Enrichment Program participated in the study. It was …


Differences In Scores Derived From Age-Based Norms Versus Grade-Based Norms On The Kaufman Test Of Educational Achievement, Second Edition And Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Second Edition, Carla Donahue Jan 2009

Differences In Scores Derived From Age-Based Norms Versus Grade-Based Norms On The Kaufman Test Of Educational Achievement, Second Edition And Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Second Edition, Carla Donahue

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Traditionally, standardized achievement measures have provided only age-based norms for deriving standard scores from obtained raw scores. In recent years, publications of normreferenced achievement test have begun to include norms based on grade level. With the addition of grade-based norms, test manuals and interpretation guides have not included clear guidelines indicating when it is advisable to use one type of norm over the other. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences between standard scores obtained using age- and grade-based norms, using the same raw score, for students in the appropriate grade for their age, students who are …


Goal Attainment Scaling To Determine Effectiveness Of School Psychology Practicum Students, Kristen Frace Jan 2009

Goal Attainment Scaling To Determine Effectiveness Of School Psychology Practicum Students, Kristen Frace

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) is a system used by school psychologists and other professionals to evaluate the effectiveness of their interventions and services they provide by assessing student outcome data. The Marshall University Summer Enrichment Program (MUSEP) utilized the GAS to determine the effectiveness of the school psychology practicum students and its program. This study looks at the effectiveness of graduate students within seven teams and the services they provided to children during the 2008 MUSEP. Results of the t-test indicated that 74% of children made significant gains in their specified academic and behavior goals. A UNIANOVA and a …


Risk Behavior, Decision Making, And Music Genre In Adolescent Males, Joseph E. Hampton Jan 2009

Risk Behavior, Decision Making, And Music Genre In Adolescent Males, Joseph E. Hampton

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The effects of music on risk behavior and decision-making are still unknown. Previous studies have linked music with risky behaviors such as drinking. Evidence shows that performance and decision-making on certain tasks can be altered by the presence of music. This study seeks to evaluate decision-making while in this "altered" state of mind. It is hypothesized that decisions made listening to rock music will be more risky than those made in other conditions. Participants were assessed using several questionnaires and the Iowa Gambling Task. Participants were randomly assigned to no music, classical music, or rock music. Results indicate several interesting …