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Contingency Management Techniques And Smoking Cessation In College Students, Laurie Athey
Contingency Management Techniques And Smoking Cessation In College Students, Laurie Athey
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine smoking cessation using different criteria for delivery of monetary reinforcement for college students from Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ. Participants participated in a 4 week study using a single subject reversal design (ABAC) in which baseline phases were alternated with either fixed criterion or shaping using an escalating schedule of reinforcement. The order of administration of intervention phases was determined randomly. Each intervention phase lasted 5 days (Monday-Friday). Results showed that contingent reinforcement for reduced carbon monoxide levels was effective in reducing smoking. However, additional studies need to be completed for longer periods …
Defining The Components Of Academic Self-Efficacy In Navajo American Indian High School Students, Thomas R. Golightly
Defining The Components Of Academic Self-Efficacy In Navajo American Indian High School Students, Thomas R. Golightly
Theses and Dissertations
The academic difficulties experienced by a majority of Navajo American Indian students are well documented. Past research has focused on a variety of internal and external factors which possibly explain some of these difficulties. Low levels of academic self-efficacy (ASE) has been identified as one of the factors possibly contributing to lower than expected rates of academic achievement and low post-secondary education retention rates in this population. This investigation sought to further define the component structures of ASE using theoretical structures postulated by Bandura (1977a, 1997), namely: past success, modeling, verbal persuasion, and emotional arousal. Information about grade point averages …
Behavior Problems In Children Of Battered Women, Stacey Monahan
Behavior Problems In Children Of Battered Women, Stacey Monahan
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to address this question: Is there a relationship between the trauma symptoms of mothers and the behavior problems of their children in the context of domestic violence? Mothers' trauma symptoms significantly correlated with their children's behavior problems in these children between the ages of 3 to 10 years. Pearson correlations revealed that the mothers' defensive avoidance scale scores significantly correlated with their children's anxious/depressed and internalizing scale scores, mothers' depression and impaired self-reference scale scores significantly correlated with their children's withdrawn and internalizing scale scores, and mothers' dysfunctional sexual behavior and tension reduction behavior …
Hate: Juror Perceptions Of Crime Classification, Attributions Of Blame, And Impact Of Extra-Legal Factors, Karyn M. Plumm
Hate: Juror Perceptions Of Crime Classification, Attributions Of Blame, And Impact Of Extra-Legal Factors, Karyn M. Plumm
Theses and Dissertations
A jury simulation paradigm was employed in this series of studies exploring hate crime. In the first two studies., crime label (i.e., bias-motivated assault ·vs. first degree assault) and victim gender were varied within the context of a sexual orientation motivated (study 1) or gender motivated (study 2) hate crime scenario. Results from the first study indicated that attributions of blame against the victim varied as a function of participants' attitudes toward minority sexual orientation. Results of study two indicated that participants in the assault condition were more likely to find the defendant guilty than those in the hate crime …
Paraprofessionals In The Classroom: Creating A Test Bank, Linda Hansen
Paraprofessionals In The Classroom: Creating A Test Bank, Linda Hansen
Theses and Dissertations
This purpose of this thesis was to create a valid, reliable, fair test bank for the textbook Paraprofessionals in the Classroom (Ashbaker & Morgan, 2006). This textbook was written specifically for the education of paraprofessionals. Further education beyond high school is one of the options recommended by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 to assist paraprofessionals in becoming highly qualified to work with children with special needs. Extensive research was conducted by the researcher on what constituted a good test bank. Excerpts were selected from seven chapters of the textbook. Questions and a rating scale for each question …
Drug Addiction And Mothers: Does Parenting Get Better With Treatment?, Concetta Arabia
Drug Addiction And Mothers: Does Parenting Get Better With Treatment?, Concetta Arabia
Theses and Dissertations
Objective: To examine the parenting skills and attitudes of substance abusing mothers in a comprehensive drug treatment facility in Camden, NJ. Methods: Giving three self-report measures and urine analysis to 14 mothers at intake, 2-months, and 6-months. Participants were reimbursed for their time and travel. Results: Mothers parenting skills and attitudes at intake were found to lack the confidence and enjoyment in their parenting and to have high levels of perceived stress. Bigger sample sizes are needed. Discussion: Progress towards incorporating parenting skills training in in-patient and out-patient treatment facilities has been made. However, a distinction between bad parenting and …
Eating Disorder Risk In Subgroups Of College Freshman Women, Karen E. Gochnour
Eating Disorder Risk In Subgroups Of College Freshman Women, Karen E. Gochnour
Theses and Dissertations
The intent of this study was to identify subgroups within the college population having a heightened risk for eating disorders. The information for this analysis was retrieved from an existing data set. The two variables that were compared were self selection of college major at the initial collection during freshman year. The sample size of 1,924 was used to see if subgroups of college majors had a heightened risk. Twenty groups composed of similar majors were studied. The majors of Dance, Dietetics, Physical Education, and Communications had heightened risk according to analysis percentage of each group in the clinical range …
States' School Crisis Planning Materials: An Analysis Of Cross-Cultural Considerations And Sensitivity To Student Diversity, Neil O. Annandale
States' School Crisis Planning Materials: An Analysis Of Cross-Cultural Considerations And Sensitivity To Student Diversity, Neil O. Annandale
Theses and Dissertations
The importance of providing appropriate crisis intervention to individuals and families from diverse backgrounds is an often overlooked aspect of service provision. In particular, school-based crisis intervention has only recently begun to address this issue. This study reviewed state mandated school crisis plans, state directives for crisis plans, and state resources to assist school districts in developing crisis plans. The content of these materials was examined to determine the extent and type of coverage given to student diversity, particularly cross cultural considerations. Materials were obtained from state department of education internet sites and from the state offices of Safe and …
College Students' Preferences In Seeking Social Support From Divorced Verses Non-Divorced Parents, Juliet Maria Joseph
College Students' Preferences In Seeking Social Support From Divorced Verses Non-Divorced Parents, Juliet Maria Joseph
Theses and Dissertations
The goals of the current study were to (a) determine if differences exist in social support sought by college students from divorced vs. intact families and (b) to determine if the nature of the stressor is also related to students seeking support from either parent. Fifty-five students were recruited from Psychology courses at Rowan University and were given a modified version of the Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ) and the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). They were also given a demographics sheet to complete. A one-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and a univariate test revealed significant differences in the SSQ-A/father ratings …
Superficial Self-Harm Behavior: Helping Young Women Who Hurt Themselves, Katherine D. Ryan
Superficial Self-Harm Behavior: Helping Young Women Who Hurt Themselves, Katherine D. Ryan
Theses and Dissertations
Roughly 1 to 4% of the population engages in self-harm. Superficial self-harm is reported by more young women, than young men. Appropriate responses from family, friends, and other important individuals are a key ingredient in facilitating recovery. Non-therapists, such as family, friends, and school personnel often wish to assist young women who self-harm, but the problem is complex and they are often unsure of how to respond. Current studies primarily focus on the clinical interventions for self-harm, while very few have investigated the perspectives of the individuals who self-harm. This study investigated the perspectives of young women who self-harm in …
Educators' Perceptions Of Collaborative Planning Processes For Students With Disabilities, Nari Carter
Educators' Perceptions Of Collaborative Planning Processes For Students With Disabilities, Nari Carter
Theses and Dissertations
When students with disabilities are included in general education classes, collaboration between special and general education teachers is necessary to ensure that the students have access to the general education curriculum and also have supports that enable them to benefit from their education. This paper reports the results of a phenomenological study that investigated the nature of a collaborative planning experience for pairs of special and general education teachers. From the teachers' descriptions of their experience, sharing common philosophies about educating students with disabilities was an important aspect of successful collaborative planning. Collaboration in this experience was voluntary and was …
Level Of Distress And Perception Of Control In Concerned Significant Others Of Substance Abusers, Heather Tonczyczyn
Level Of Distress And Perception Of Control In Concerned Significant Others Of Substance Abusers, Heather Tonczyczyn
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to determine the perception of control and level of distress in Concerned Significant Others (CSO) seeking help for their loved one's drug abuse or dependence; and the effect of Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) intervention on CSO's perception of control as a possible mediator of the outcome. Participants were part of a larger treatment study conducted at the Treatment Research Institute and consisted of two significant others of substance abusers. The Shapiro Control Inventory (SCI) and the Drinkers Partners Distress Scale (DPD) were used to assess variables of control and distress at intake, …
Different Methods Of Measuring The Problems Experienced By Significant Others Of Substance Abusers, Christine Perugini
Different Methods Of Measuring The Problems Experienced By Significant Others Of Substance Abusers, Christine Perugini
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine responses to two administration formats of an assessment instrument. Specifically, this study examined responses to oral and written administrations of an instrument designed to examine the problems of significant others of substance abusers. Participants were part of a larger treatment study conducted at the Treatment Research Institute and consisted of two significant others of substance abusers. Participants were given both an oral and written administration of the Significant Other Checklist (SOC; Kirby et al., 2005) at intake of the larger treatment study. The SOC (Kirby et al., 2005) seeks to examine problems …
Advances In Student Self-Authorship: A Program Evaluation Of The Community Standards Model, Klinton E. Hobbs
Advances In Student Self-Authorship: A Program Evaluation Of The Community Standards Model, Klinton E. Hobbs
Theses and Dissertations
Universities are increasingly applying student developmental theories in a variety of contexts in order to better understand students and to accomplish institutional educational objectives. Robert Kegan's constructive-developmental theory has been utilized in the creation of the Community Standards Model, a program designed for use in university residence halls. The purpose of the Model is to promote student development from Kegan's third order of consciousness, in which student identity is based on a fusion of their peers' expectations and ideas, to the fourth order of consciousness, in which one becomes the author of his or her own values, beliefs, and ideals. …
The Use Of Viewing Time Of Non-Erotic Visual Stimuli To Differentiate Between Frequent Pornography Users And Infrequent Users, Brian James Sneed
The Use Of Viewing Time Of Non-Erotic Visual Stimuli To Differentiate Between Frequent Pornography Users And Infrequent Users, Brian James Sneed
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a measure of viewing time that uses non-erotic visual stimuli can differentiate between frequent users and infrequent users of pornography. Thirty-six male participants were classified as infrequent pornography users and 37 as frequent users. Participants completed a questionnaire and were asked to rate a variety of images, both male and female of varying ages, on their sexual attractiveness. Individuals were timed as to how long they looked at each image. The groups were then compared based upon their viewing time of several categories. No statistically significant differences were detected. The temporal …
Medical Model Influence In Counseling And Psychotherapy: Counseling Psychology Training Directors' Views, Dallas R. Jensen
Medical Model Influence In Counseling And Psychotherapy: Counseling Psychology Training Directors' Views, Dallas R. Jensen
Theses and Dissertations
The practice of counseling and psychotherapy is influenced by a number of ideologies, models, and paradigms. Among these, the medical model's influence is particularly salient. The ideology of the medical field pervades the theory, research, and practice of psychology and its influence deserves close examination. The few studies in this area that have been conducted are descriptive and basic in nature. The present study aimed to contribute richness and depth to conversations about medical model influence. By interviewing Counseling Psychology training directors and applying a qualitative analysis, this study provided the following themes that characterize views of the medical model's …
The Efficacy Of Cbt In Treating Co-Morbid Anxiety And Depression In An Adolescent Client, Ryan J. Fischer
The Efficacy Of Cbt In Treating Co-Morbid Anxiety And Depression In An Adolescent Client, Ryan J. Fischer
Theses and Dissertations
The goals of this exploratory investigation were to, (a) determine the efficacy of CBT in treating an adolescent client (n = 1) with co-morbid anxiety and depression, and (b) to examine whether or not the treatment of the anxiety disorder had an impact on the co-morbid depressive disorder. The investigation implemented quantitative measures such as the OQ-45.2, Y-OQ 2.0 and the WAI to evaluate the client's symptom impairment and the strength of the therapeutic alliance throughout treatment. The data indicated that the client's anxiety decreased over the course of treatment. In addition, the data indicated that the client's depressive symptoms …
Age Group And Gender Differences In Fears Of Aging, Vicky C. Tomlin
Age Group And Gender Differences In Fears Of Aging, Vicky C. Tomlin
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to investigate differences in fears of aging in two age groups (M=20 years and M=30 years) and gender differences in fears of aging. Two hundred twenty-two undergraduate (n=156) and graduate students (n=66) responded to three questionnaires, the Anxiety about Aging Scale (AAS), the Brief Life Satisfaction Scales (BLSS), and an open-ended questionnaire allowing participants to write in their five greatest personal fears of aging. The older age group had significantly higher Anxiety about Aging Psychological Concerns subscale scores. Males scored significantly higher than females in AAS total …
Linkages Between Family Cohesion And Sibling Relationships In Families Raising A Child With A Disability, Mary L. Jefferson
Linkages Between Family Cohesion And Sibling Relationships In Families Raising A Child With A Disability, Mary L. Jefferson
Theses and Dissertations
Family researchers have often reported that siblings of children with disabilities have mixed outcomes, some harmful, and some beneficial, but have neglected to investigate how the sibling relationship might be correlated with other factors, such as family cohesion. Therefore, 72 mothers and fathers raising a child with a disability and a child without a disability completed the Family Cohesion subscale of Bloom's family functioning measure and the Sibling Inventory of Behavior to determine interactions between parents' perceptions of family cohesion and sibling relationships. Results indicated that mothers and fathers' perceptions of cohesion and sibling relationships were not significantly different. Mothers' …
Bibliotherapy: School Psychologists' Report Of Use And Efficacy, Marci A. Olsen
Bibliotherapy: School Psychologists' Report Of Use And Efficacy, Marci A. Olsen
Theses and Dissertations
This study focused on the use of bibliotherapy by school psychologists. A survey was created and distributed to 119 registered and licensed school psychologists in Utah to obtain information on this topic. Forty-one percent returned a completed survey. Results indicated that bibliotherapy is used by 82% of the participants in the study, and 31 of 34 (91%) use bibliotherapy with children grades K-6. Topics most used with bibliotherapy included self-esteem, bullying, divorce, anxiety, and grief. Efficacy varied depending on the topic of bibliotherapy. However, school psychologists regarded bibliotherapy across all topics to be very effective to effective.
The Mediating Influence Of Homophobia On Male Rape Victims, Sandra Shardlow White
The Mediating Influence Of Homophobia On Male Rape Victims, Sandra Shardlow White
Theses and Dissertations
The purposes of this study were threefold: 1.) to duplicate previous studies by demonstrating differences in victim blame attribution, minimization of rape, and degree of excusing the perpetrator between homosexual and heterosexual victims; 2.) determine if similar patterns will be shown with male victims as with female victims in the demonstration of rape myths when the victim and perpetrator are acquainted or strangers; and 3.) test the mediation effect of homophobia on perceptions of male rape victims. 119 university students participated. Participants read a scenario in which a homosexual or heterosexual was raped by a male stranger or acquaintance. Participants …
Two-Year-Olds' Discrimination Of Gender-Stereotyped Activities, Sara Elizabeth Hill
Two-Year-Olds' Discrimination Of Gender-Stereotyped Activities, Sara Elizabeth Hill
Theses and Dissertations
Two-year-olds' knowledge of gender-stereotyped tasks was assessed in an experiment that utilized the preferential looking paradigm. The looking times of toddlers' (N = 18) gazes towards gender-consistent and gender-inconsistent activities were measured and assessed. In the procedure, toddlers viewed either a male or female actor on two displays performing a masculine stereotyped activity (shaving, putting on a tie) on one screen and a feminine stereotyped activity (putting on lipstick, putting on nail-polish) on the other screen. Infants also viewed male and female actors performing gender-neutral activities (eating, drinking water) side by side in control trials. Consistent with our predictions and …
The Effect Of Major Organizational Policy On Employee Attitudes Toward Graduate Degrees, Frank R. Hughes
The Effect Of Major Organizational Policy On Employee Attitudes Toward Graduate Degrees, Frank R. Hughes
Theses and Dissertations
Leaders initiate policies not only to improve the success of their organizations, but to influence employee performance, whereby employee attitudes toward a policy objective can influence their resulting behaviors. One group of employees, Air Force officers, experienced a policy change in 2005 that discontinued the use of academic degrees as criteria for officer promotions. With this change, there is a concern that the number of Air Force officers with graduate degrees might decrease. In particular, senior leaders in the Civil Engineer (CE) officer career field are concerned that this policy change might reduce the number of officers available to fill …
An Evaluation Of How Organizational Culture Can Perpetuate A Formal Mentoring Relationship, Daniel J. Rieker
An Evaluation Of How Organizational Culture Can Perpetuate A Formal Mentoring Relationship, Daniel J. Rieker
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to investigate how an organization's culture can have an effect on formal mentoring. Specifically, this thesis sought to determine if perceptions among gender, ethnicity, and organizational position differ for mentoring and organizational culture. Additionally, this thesis sought to determine if any correlations may exist between organizational culture and formal mentoring overall.
Formal And Informal Work Group Relationships With Performance: A Moderation Model Using Social Network Analysis, Benjamin R. Knost
Formal And Informal Work Group Relationships With Performance: A Moderation Model Using Social Network Analysis, Benjamin R. Knost
Theses and Dissertations
Social networks have recently emerged in the management discipline as a unique way of studying individuals groups in organizations. While traditionally used in the analysis of un-bounded networks, applying social network analysis techniques to bounded work groups and organizational teams has become increasingly popular. Past research has established relationships between in-degree social network centrality and individual performance as well as social network density and overall group performance. This field study, conducted at a military training course, attempted to further refine this social network-performance relationship by modeling characteristics of both the formal and informal work group networks in relation to performance …
Influence Of Organizational Culture On The Relationship Between Psychological Contracts And Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Jennifer M. Carbajal
Influence Of Organizational Culture On The Relationship Between Psychological Contracts And Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Jennifer M. Carbajal
Theses and Dissertations
The issue of what antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and psychological contracts (PC) employees form with their organization has also been of interest as they have many implications on an employee's extra-role behavior, specifically OCBs. This research investigates the relationship between types of PCs (a) relational and (b) transactional and the propensity to perform (a) altruism and (b) compliance OCB. Furthermore, the influence of organizational culture (OC) dimensions (a) internal orientation and (b) external orientation on this relationship was explored. The results show that transactional PCs were negatively related to both dimensions of OCB. Relational PCs were positively related …
Challenges Facing Military Organizational Cultural Reform: A Study Of The 2004 Air Force Materiel Command Reorganization, Joy D. Mikulcik
Challenges Facing Military Organizational Cultural Reform: A Study Of The 2004 Air Force Materiel Command Reorganization, Joy D. Mikulcik
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to measure the success of the Product Center (PC) portion of the Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC) reorganization initiated in 2004. The purpose of this study is threefold, 1) to determine if the 2004 AFMC Product Center reorganization has met General Martin's four intended objectives, (2) the reorganizations effects on AFMC employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment and (3) to gather some general opinions about the reorganization overall. The literature review consisted of a detailed look at the history of AFMC, areas of organizational culture, and gathering detailed information regarding the 2004 reorganization itself. …
Perceptions Of Parents, Self, And God As Predictive Of Sympton Severity Among Women Beginning Inpatient Treatment For Eating Disorders, Melissa H. Smith
Perceptions Of Parents, Self, And God As Predictive Of Sympton Severity Among Women Beginning Inpatient Treatment For Eating Disorders, Melissa H. Smith
Theses and Dissertations
The present investigation examined whether perceptions of parents, self, and God among women beginning inpatient treatment for eating disorders was predictive of symptom severity. The sample included 464 women (ages 12 to 56 years) beginning inpatient treatment for eating disorders at a private treatment facility, with the majority being Caucasian. Participants completed study measures as part of an initial battery of assessment measures, and included indices of eating disorder symptomology, parental relationships, self-esteem, and religious well-being. Multiple regression analysis showed perceptions of self and parents to be significant predictors, however perceptions of God failed to predict eating disorder symptom severity. …
Vulnerabilities To Depression, Anxiety And Interpersonal Problems: The Role Of Parental Styles, Schemas And Coping Styles, Daniel Kennedy
Vulnerabilities To Depression, Anxiety And Interpersonal Problems: The Role Of Parental Styles, Schemas And Coping Styles, Daniel Kennedy
Theses and Dissertations
Cognitive theory proposes that maladaptive schemas influence the development of anxious and depressive symptoms and early parental experiences have been proposed to influence schema development. In this current study, measures of depressive and anxious pathology, parenting styles, coping styles and interpersonal problems were administered to 224 undergraduate students. The main purpose the study was to test the cognitive model and the hypothesis that early maladaptive schemas (EMS) as defined by Young (1994) mediate the relationship between parenting styles and anxious and depressive pathology. Results indicated that EMSs do play an important mediational role in relationship to both anxious and depressive …
Perceptions Of Academic And Social Self-Efficacy Among Adolescents Diagnosed With Cancer And Their Relations With Dispositional Optimism, Perceived Vulnerability, And Treatment Modality, Rebecca Hope Foster
Perceptions Of Academic And Social Self-Efficacy Among Adolescents Diagnosed With Cancer And Their Relations With Dispositional Optimism, Perceived Vulnerability, And Treatment Modality, Rebecca Hope Foster
Theses and Dissertations
For adolescents with cancer, a population notably neglected in the literature, maintaining and strengthening academic and social self-efficacy is especially salient in terms of promoting positive adaptation on key developmental indices. Based on prior research citing their potential roles among adolescents adapting to cancer, treatment modality, dispositional optimism, and perceived vulnerability were chosen as variables likely related to social and academic self-efficacy. Forty-two adolescents diagnosed with cancer and at least six months post-treatment completed questionnaire packets. Analyses indicated that although treatment modality did not relate to academic or social self-efficacy, prognosis should be considered as a covariate. Hierarchical regression analyses …