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Readiness To Change And Smoking Expectancies Among Adult Male Substance Users Currently In Substance Use Treatment, Aaron French Waters
Readiness To Change And Smoking Expectancies Among Adult Male Substance Users Currently In Substance Use Treatment, Aaron French Waters
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The primary aims of the current study were to examine if smoking expectancies and readiness to quit smoking, important components in predicting smoking behavior and cessation, changed across time for adult smokers in substance use treatment. Participants (N = 51) were predominantly white (96.1%), adult, male smokers who were admitted to residential substance use treatment. Smoking outcome expectancies and readiness to change smoking were assessed among participants at treatment entry (n = 51), and subsequently at 30 days (n = 13), 60 days (n = 9), and 90 days (n = 3) from treatment entry. …
A Randomized Controlled Trial Of A Hatha Yoga Intervention For Smokers, Emily Robin Jeffries
A Randomized Controlled Trial Of A Hatha Yoga Intervention For Smokers, Emily Robin Jeffries
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Despite well-documented negative effects of smoking, many individuals continue to smoke. Anxiety and depression are associated with poorer cessation outcomes. Three transdiagnostic factors may explain the anxiety/depression-smoking link: anxiety sensitivity (AS), distress tolerance (DT), anhedonia (Anh; Leventhal & Zvolensky, 2015). It therefore follows that changing AS, DT, and Anh could aid cessation efforts. Thus, the current study tested the efficacy of hatha yoga for reducing craving, smoking, AS, and Anh and increasing DT, and whether anxiety/depression moderates these relationships. Participants were 55 community-recruited smokers (62% male, 71% non-Hispanic White, Mage = 28.16) motivated to reduce or quit smoking. We …
Motivation For Tobacco Cessation Among Nicotine Dependent Postmenopausal Females, Mackenzie Rae Peltier
Motivation For Tobacco Cessation Among Nicotine Dependent Postmenopausal Females, Mackenzie Rae Peltier
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Postmenopausal females continue to smoke despite considerable health risks related to low levels of estrogen in combination with antiestrogenic effects of nicotine. These females face barriers to cessation that are more severe than their male and pre-menopausal counterparts. These barriers include negative affect, weight concerns, and menopausal symptom severity. Brief motivation-based interventions (B-MIs) that incorporate individualized health-related feedback have demonstrated efficacy for smoking cessation, but have not been tested among postmenopausal females. The current study explored the effect of negative affect, weight concerns, and menopausal symptom severity on motivation and readiness to quit smoking, and the effectiveness of a B-MI …
Effects Of Mindfulness On Body Image, Affect, And Smoking In Women, Claire E. Adams
Effects Of Mindfulness On Body Image, Affect, And Smoking In Women, Claire E. Adams
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Recent research has shown that body image stimuli increase negative affect and smoking urges among female smokers. Mindfulness (paying attention to present-moment experience with an attitude of nonjudgmental acceptance) may be a useful technique to minimize the influence of body image issues on negative affect, smoking urges, and smoking behavior. The present study investigated whether mindfulness can influence the way female college smokers respond to a body image challenge. The study used a 2 x 2 factorial design with body image challenge (trying on a bathing suit vs. observing a purse) crossed with instructions (mindfulness vs. silence). Female smokers (n …
The Effects Of Increasing The Risk Perception Of High-Risk Behaviors On Decision Making Among College Daily Smokers And Never-Smokers, Scott Patterson
The Effects Of Increasing The Risk Perception Of High-Risk Behaviors On Decision Making Among College Daily Smokers And Never-Smokers, Scott Patterson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Participation in high-risk behaviors, such as substance use or dangerous driving practices, is widely reported by young adults and college students. Psychosocial theories explain participation in high-risk behaviors by the effects of risk perception on the outcome of behavior. Physiological researchers assert that biological factors (such as the role of the prefrontal cortex) better account for participation in high-risk behaviors based on impulsive decision-making patterns in substance users. The current study explored the relationship between impulsive decision-making and risk perception by assessing the impact of changes in high-risk perceptions on a measure of impulsive decision-making (delay discounting task). A sample …
The Relative Impact Of Nicotine Dependence Versus Other Substance Dependence On Decision-Making, Michael S. Businelle
The Relative Impact Of Nicotine Dependence Versus Other Substance Dependence On Decision-Making, Michael S. Businelle
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Research has indicated that individuals who are dependent on substances may have decision-making deficits that contribute to their continued substance use. Previous studies have shown that substance-dependent individuals focus more on the immediate rather than the delayed consequences of their actions, and more rapidly discount rewards that are available after a delay than individuals without a history of substance dependence. The present study compared the performance of four groups of individuals on the Gambling Task and the Delayed Discounting Task. The groups were (a) heavy smokers with comorbid substance dependence, (b) heavy smokers with no history of substance dependence, (c) …
Assessing The Influence Of Religion On Health Behavior, David B. Creel
Assessing The Influence Of Religion On Health Behavior, David B. Creel
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A primary aim of this study was to confirm the factor structure of the Health and Religious Congruency Scale (HARCS), a measure previously developed by the same research team. The HARCS questions directly link religious beliefs/activities to health behaviors. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that the current data fit poorly to the factor structure found in the pilot study. Because the current sample was more religiously diverse than the pilot study sample, and could potentially provide a factor structure that better reflects the views of individuals from different religious affiliations, a principal components analysis was conducted on the current data. …
Effects Of Smoking Cessation And Female Sex Hormones On Food Intake In Postmenopausal Women, Megan Ranae Apperson
Effects Of Smoking Cessation And Female Sex Hormones On Food Intake In Postmenopausal Women, Megan Ranae Apperson
LSU Master's Theses
Following smoking cessation, individuals increase their food intake. Women experience greater postcessation hyperphagia than men, and older women may increase their food intake more than younger women. Some research has suggested that postcessation increases in food intake may be macronutrient specific. However, previous investigations of macronutrient specific changes in food intake following smoking cessation have had significant methodological problems. The current study assessed changes in total food intake and macronutrient selection using the Macronutrient Self-Selection Paradigm (MSSP), a direct, laboratory based measure of food intake that is valid and reliable with respect to macronutrient intake. Fifty-five postmenopausal females completed the …