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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
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The Role Of Country Music In Homonegativistic Aggression, Alex Manuel Borgella
The Role Of Country Music In Homonegativistic Aggression, Alex Manuel Borgella
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
This study examined the relationship between exposure to country music and homosexual aggression. A total of 44 male and female participants (N = 23 and N = 21, respectively) filled out scales relating to attitudes toward homosexuality (Kite & Deaux, 1988), gender role beliefs (Kerr & Holden, 1996), and social conservatism (Henningham, 1996). Participants were then introduced to either a homosexual (N = 19) or heterosexual (N = 29) confederate and were exposed to either country music with patriotic and socially conservative lyrical content (N = 17) or pop music with neutral lyrical content (N = 27). Participants then ostensibly …
Intercollegiate Cross-Country Competition: Racing Is Associated With A Substantial Increase In Salivary Levels Of Cortisol And Testosterone In Men And Women, Kathleen Virginia Casto
Intercollegiate Cross-Country Competition: Racing Is Associated With A Substantial Increase In Salivary Levels Of Cortisol And Testosterone In Men And Women, Kathleen Virginia Casto
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Athletic competition, containing both psychological and physical components, has been shown to be associated with levels of testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) in anticipation of, and during, competition. In the current research, 16 male and 22 female members of a collegiate cross country team gave saliva samples before warm-up, after warm-up, and immediately after the finish of an intercollegiate cross-country meet. Finish times were recorded as a measure of performance outcome. Participants also completed the Mental Toughness in Sport Questionnaire (MTSQ). For both men and women, after-race levels of salivary C and T were substantially elevated relative to before and …
Longitudinal Invariance Of The Scale Of Ethnocultural Empathy, Jerusha Joy Gerstner
Longitudinal Invariance Of The Scale Of Ethnocultural Empathy, Jerusha Joy Gerstner
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy (SEE; Wang et al., 2003) was developed to measure ethnocultural empathy and is a promising tool for assessing change in the construct over time. However, no prior study examines the functioning of the SEE over time. The purpose of the study was to examine the invariance of the SEE utilizing a modified factor model that included a negative wording effect. The SEE was found to exhibit longitudinal measurement invariance over a two-year time span in a sample of undergraduate students. Change over time was examined at the error-free, latent level and only one subscale (EPT) …
Assessing The Utility Of A Brief Abstinence Test For Initiating Caffeine Abstinence, Bradley T. Joachim
Assessing The Utility Of A Brief Abstinence Test For Initiating Caffeine Abstinence, Bradley T. Joachim
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Caffeine is the most commonly consumed drug in the world. Although its effects are relatively mild when consumed in moderate amounts, there exist cases where caffeine use is problematic. Currently no behavioral intervention for problematic caffeine consumption exists in which caffeine use is verified beyond self-reports. No measures of caffeine dependence and withdrawal exist either. The current study examined the viability of contingency management, an empirically supported behavioral intervention for reducing drug use, for initiating abstinence from caffeine consumption among college students of varying levels of use, as well as validity evidence for novel measures of caffeine dependence and withdrawal. …
Perceived Responsibility For Learning In College Students: A Construct Validity Study, Matthew S. Swain
Perceived Responsibility For Learning In College Students: A Construct Validity Study, Matthew S. Swain
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Responsibility for learning is an important, foundational construct for students in higher education. Because of its importance, higher education officials often design programs to inform students of their academic responsibilities. In order to assess these programs, a valid measure of responsibility for learning must be selected. In order to assess program effectiveness, measurement specialists collect validity evidence to support score interpretations. The current study focuses on the validity evidence of the Perceived Responsibility for Learning (PRL) scale. Benson’s (1998) framework for construct validation was used to examine current validity evidence and direct the study. Competing factor structures of the PRL …
Training Practicum Students In Child-Directed Interaction: Efficacy Of Modeling Versus Bug-In-The-Ear Feedback, Sarah Elisabeth Vasquez
Training Practicum Students In Child-Directed Interaction: Efficacy Of Modeling Versus Bug-In-The-Ear Feedback, Sarah Elisabeth Vasquez
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Training direct-care paraprofessionals to work with children who have developmental disabilities has been a prevalent concern among researchers and practitioners. Although behavioral interventions are designed by professionals, they are generally implemented by paraprofessionals. Therefore, the accuracy of program implementation by paraprofessionals depends on the quality of the training provided. In the present study, two female undergraduate practicum students were recruited through a public four-year university in Virginia to obtain training in child-directed interaction (CDI). The purpose of CDI is to help build rapport between the adult and child by teaching the adult to provide positive attention to a child’s desirable …
Gathering Validity Evidence For The Community Service-Learning Assessment Test (Csat), Tanja N. Waugh
Gathering Validity Evidence For The Community Service-Learning Assessment Test (Csat), Tanja N. Waugh
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Service-learning grew out of the philosophy that effective education should be experiential in nature (Giles & Eyler, 1994b). Alternative Break programs are steeped in this philosophy. Participation in many Alternative Break programs involves the immersion of students in a week-long service trip during academic breaks. Measurement of student learning outcomes is important in determining the effectiveness of these experiential programs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Community Service-learning Assessment Test (CSAT) and to gather construct validity evidence for the CSAT’s five sub-scales: civic action, interpersonal problem-solving, social justice, interpersonal relationships, and personal competency. …
Formative Assessment: Comparing Immediate And Delayed Feedback, Jacob W. Williams
Formative Assessment: Comparing Immediate And Delayed Feedback, Jacob W. Williams
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The current study compared feedback via the Immediate Feedback Assessment Technique to typical scantron with delayed feedback. Following students during the course of one semester in two introductory psychology courses, students alternated between using the IFAT and using a typical scantron with feedback for formative assessment before taking each exam. Summative examination (post-tests) performance on assessments containing questions comparable and identical to questions seen on formative pre-tests were compared in order to assess any differences in performance depending on type of formative assessment and feedback experienced. Results showed mixed findings as to whether the IFAT is more effective at increasing …
Should We Change The Way We Model Change? Comparing Traditional And Modern Techniques In Modeling Change In Sense Of Identity Over Time, Kelli Marie Samonte
Should We Change The Way We Model Change? Comparing Traditional And Modern Techniques In Modeling Change In Sense Of Identity Over Time, Kelli Marie Samonte
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) are two of the most common techniques employed in longitudinal data analysis. These methods, however, are extremely limited in the type of data permitted in analysis, the residual covariance matrices employed in analysis, as well as in the focus of the research questions. There are, however, modern techniques for analyzing longitudinal data that do not have the same limitations of repeated measures ANOVA and MANOVA. This study aims to compare traditional methods of analyzing longitudinal data with more modern techniques, including alternative covariance structure (ACS) modeling and multilevel …
Interaction Between Source And Filter In Vowel Identification, Christopher James Becker
Interaction Between Source And Filter In Vowel Identification, Christopher James Becker
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Speech sounds can be modeled as a product of two components: the source and the filter. The effects of filter manipulations on speech perception have been studied extensively, while the effects of source manipulations have been largely overlooked. This study was an attempt to assess the impact of source manipulations on vowel identification. To this end, two source manipulations were conducted prior to filtering. First, several harmonics of the source sawtooth wave that were located near formant peaks were mistuned, either towards or away from the peaks. Mistuning towards formant peaks was expected to facilitate vowel identification by helping to …
Measuring Employability Among College Students: A Validity Study, Megan Rodgers
Measuring Employability Among College Students: A Validity Study, Megan Rodgers
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The practice of assessment in higher education is often focused on measuring outcomes of student success. However, the potential for a student to obtain a job (i.e., their employability) after graduation is often not directly measured. This reality is unfortunate given the competitive job market and rising cost of an education. One scale, the Employability Skills Inventory (ESI) has been identified as a potential assessment instrument that purports to measure skills necessary for employment in most occupations. Before deciding to use any scale for a particular purpose, one must establish that the scale is both reliable and valid. The focus …
Individual Differences And Basic Logic Ability, Christopher R. Runyon
Individual Differences And Basic Logic Ability, Christopher R. Runyon
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The study of reasoning and information processing in cognitive science has often used problems derived from classical propositional logic inference rules in order to see how people make decisions, often comparing the qualities of those that can and cannot successfully complete these tasks. However, the majority of research that has been done has only focused on one inference rule: the material conditional. This narrow focus does not allow for inferences to be made about the role of logical ability simpliciter in cognitive science research. In order to better understand the relationship between cognitive ability and successfully completing tasks based on …
Measuring Cost: The Forgotten Component Of Expectancy Value Theory, Jessica Kay Flake
Measuring Cost: The Forgotten Component Of Expectancy Value Theory, Jessica Kay Flake
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Abstract Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT) (Eccles et al., 1983) offers one of the most influential models for understanding motivation. One component of this theory, cost, can be defined as how much a student has to sacrifice to engage in a task. However, EVT researchers appear to have forgotten the component of cost. Though cost has been theorized as an important component of EVT, empirical work has neglected to measure and study it (Wigfield & Cambria, 2010). As a result, cost and its relationship with student outcomes is largely unknown (Wigfield & Eccles, 2000). The focus of the current study is to …
Using Longitudinal Mean And Covariance Structures (Lmacs) Analysis To Assess Construct Stability Over Two Time Points: An Example With Psychological Entitlement, Bozhidar Mihaylov Bashkov
Using Longitudinal Mean And Covariance Structures (Lmacs) Analysis To Assess Construct Stability Over Two Time Points: An Example With Psychological Entitlement, Bozhidar Mihaylov Bashkov
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
The current paper reviewed two widely used approaches to assessing construct stability over two time points (rank-order and mean-level consistency), as well as common misconceptions about what each indicates. In addition, the application of longitudinal mean and covariance structures (LMACS) analysis as a modern approach to assessing construct stability was explained and demonstrated by assessing the stability of psychological entitlement over 1.5 years measured via the Psychological Entitlement Scale (PES). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a one-factor solution for the PES at both time points, and reliability of scores was adequate (ω = .88 and .89). Full configural and metric invariance …