Digital Commons Network^™

A Retrospective Study Of Determinants Of Length Of Stay In A Geropsychiatric State Hospital., Evan D. Parks

Evan D Parks

This pilot study investigated the importance of social, clinical, and discharge factors in predicting extended length of stay (LOS) in a state geropsychiatric hospital. The authors reviewed medical records of all first time admissions during a 22 month period. A total of 272 patients age 60 and older were admitted for the first time during this period. Nine variables comprised of medical, demographic, social, and discharge information were examined in a retrospective analysis to assess their relationship to LOS. The mean and standard deviation of days spent in hospital was 392.3 +1- 752.81. The median number of days of hospitalization …

Monitoring Attentional Style And Medical Regimen Adherence In Hemodialysis Patients, Alan Christensen, Patricia Moran, William Lawton, Deanna Stallman, Anne Voigts

Alan J. Christensen

Previous research involving individuals facing chronic health problems suggests that an attentional style characterized by pronounced monitoring of threat-relevant information is associated with poorer behavioral and emotional adjustment. This study examined the hypothesis that a pronounced monitoring style would be associated with poorer medical regimen adherence in a sample of 51 chronic hemodialysis patients. Hierarchical regression analyses (controlling for demographic factors and trait anxiety) revealed that "high monitors" exhibited higher interdialysis weight gains and higher serum K values reflecting poorer adherence to fluid-intake and dietary restrictions. However, monitoring was not associated with a measure of medication adherence. Partial support was …

Children's Responses To Peer Conflicts Involving A Rights Infraction, Andrea Hopmeyer Gorman, Steven Asher

Andrea Hopmeyer Gorman

Examined whether generalization about prosocial style of well-accepted children applies to conflicts involving rights infraction. Interviewed fourth- and fifth-graders about strategies for handling situations in which a peer infringes on their rights. Found that well-accepted children were neither aggressive nor particularly prosocial in conflict situations; they responded with verbally assertive strategies, unlike low-accepted children, who relied on adults. (EV)

Health Beliefs, Personality, And Adherence In Hemodialysis Patients: An Interactional Perspective, John Wiebe, Alan Christensen

Alan J. Christensen

Research examining the main effects of health beliefs and personality on medical regimen adherence has yielded inconsistent results. This study tested the hypothesis that health beliefs and personality predict adherence in an interactive manner. Components of the Health Beliefs Model, Conscientiousness (C) from the NEO-Five Factor Inventory, and regimen adherence were assessed in a sample of 70 in-center hemodialysis patients. In a hierarchical regression analysis, the interaction of health beliefs and C failed to explain a significant portion of the variance in interdialysis weight gain, a measure of adherence to fluid restrictions, after controlling for demographic characteristics. The interaction did …

How Effective Are The Things People Say To Apologize? Effects Of The Realization Of The Apology Speech Act., Steven J. Scher, John M. Darley

Steven J. Scher

The Cross-Cultural Speech Act Realization Project (Blum-Kulka, House, & Kasper, 1989a) has identified five components of an "apology speech act set": five strategies that speakers use to apologize. This study examines the effects of four of those strategies (illocutionary force indicating device, expression of responsibility, promise of forebearance, and offer of repair) on the judgments made by hearers about the speaker and about the apology. Each of the strategies is shown to have an independent effect in improving reactions to the speaker. Further, the magnitude of these effects appear to be roughly similar for each of the strategies. The things …

Collection Development In The Context Of Electronic Publications And Networking: Problems And Prospects, Maheswarappa S, Tadasad G

Prof B S Maheswarappa

Critically examines the issues in development of collection for libraries in the context of electronic publication and networking with special reference to formulation of policies, users, formats, storage, mode of access, selection, acquisition, bibliographical control, finance, evaluation,-and manpower. It concludes that developing a need-based, relevant and cost-effective collection, consisting of electronic and other publications in document form, requires systematic planning, and effective implementation.

Relativism, Reflective Equilibrium, And Justice, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

THIS PAPER IS THE CO-WINNER OF THE FRED BERGER PRIZE IN PHILOSOPHY OF LAW FOR THE 1999 AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE BEST PUBLISHED PAPER IN THE PREVIOUS TWO YEARS.

The conflict between liberal legal theory and critical legal studies (CLS) is often framed as a matter of whether there is a theory of justice that the law should embody which all rational people could or must accept. In a divided society, the CLS critique of this view is overwhelming: there is no such justice that can command universal assent. But the liberal critique of CLS, that it degenerates into …

If It Can't Be Lake Woebegone...A Nationwide Survey Of Law School Grading And Grade Normalization Practices, Nancy Levit, Robert Downs

Nancy Levit

This article explores various methods of grade normalization used by law schools. Based on a survey of 116 responding ABA accredited law schools, 84% have some form of grade normalization policy, and the trend is toward adoption of grade normalization. The survey assessed the types of normalization plans (distributional requirements, required means, required medians, set standard deviations, and informal policies), as well as the reasons schools have adopted such plans. It also inquired about methods for ensuring faculty compliance as well as justifications for departures from grade norms.

The article considers and responds to the arguments against grade normalization and …

Neuroendocrine Aspects Of Primary Endogenous Depression Xv. Mathematical Modeling Of Nocturnal Melatonin Secretion In Major Depressives And Normal Controls, L. Kathleen Sekula, Joseph F. Lucke, E. Kevin Heist, R. Kenneth Czambel, Robert T. Rubin

Joseph Lucke

We previously reported a trend toward a higher mean nocturnal serum melatonin (MEL) concentration, based on 30-min blood sampling over 24 h, in 23 female definite endogenous depressives compared to 23 matched normal female control subjects, and no significant difference in 15 male depressives compared to their controls (Rubin et al., 1992). In both groups of patients vs. their controls, there also were trends toward an earlier MEL rise time, by about 30 min, and a later MEL peak time, by about 90 min. Because the offset of MEL secretion was not estimated in that study, the total duration of …

Toward A Model Relating Empathy, Charisma, And Telepathy, James M. Donovan

James M. Donovan

Telepathy is often dismissed because it is judged to be so weird as to be counterintuitive. This article argues that telepathy may be interpreted as phenomenologically impressive events of a social psychological process which in less dramatic instances would be termed empathy and charisma. Such an equation, however, herein called the "possible world model," would perhaps normalize telepathy, and lessen the opprobrium attached to its study. A first step is taken to validate the model when a comparative literature search finds that telepathy and empathy relate very similarly to other experimental variables.

Cynical Hostility, Powerful Others Control Expectancies, And Patient Adherence In Hemodialysis, Alan Christensen, J. Wiebe, W. Lawton

Alan J. Christensen

The present study examined the joint role of cynical hostility and powerful others health locus of control expectancies in predicting regimen adherence in a sample of center hemodialysis patients. METHOD: Forty-eight hemodialysis patients completed the Cook-Medley Hostility (Ho) Scale and the Powerful Others Health Locus of Control (PHLC) scale. Adherence to the fluid-restriction and phosphorus reduction components of the treatment regimen was assessed by examining patients' interdialysis session weight gains and serum phosphorus (P) levels. RESULTS: In a hierarchical regression analysis, higher hostility was associated with significantly higher serum P levels indicating poorer dietary and medication adherence. The main effect …

The Nature-Nurture Controversy Revisited: Divorce And Gender As Factors In Children's Racial Group Differences, Jeanne Jenkins, John Guidubaldi

Jeanne E. Jenkins

Examines the influence of divorce and gender as factors in racial group differences among elementary age European-American and African-American children. Method of data collection; Comparison of scores between males and females in various categories; Impact of the father figure on male and female child.

Recognition And Implications Of Depression In Renal Dialysis Patients, Alan Christensen

Alan J. Christensen

No abstract provided.

White Experimenters, White Blood, And Other White Conditions: Locating The Psychologist's Race, Jill G. Morawski

Jill G. Morawski

No abstract provided.

Intended And Unintended Overconsumption Of Physical, Spacial, And Temporal Resources., Carin Herlocker, Scott Allison, John D. Foubert, James Beggan

Scott T. Allison

Two studies explored perceptual biases on how resources are shared among groups of people. Intentional and unintentional processes were uncovered.

Review Of Ruthellen Josselson (Ed.) Ethics And Process In The Narrative Study Of Li Es, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

No abstract provided.

Effects Of A Sexual Assault Peer Education Program On Men's Belief In Rape Myths., John D. Foubert, Kenneth A. Marriott

John D. Foubert

An all-male sexual assault peer education program was shown to lead to a decline in rape myth acceptance for two months among fraternity men.

Aphasic Sentence Comprehension As A Resource Deficit: A Computational Approach, Henk J. Haarmann, Marcel Adam Just, Patricia A. Carpenter

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Intended And Unintended Overconsumption Of Physical, Spacial, And Temporal Resources., Carin Herlocker, Scott Allison, John D. Foubert, James Beggan

John D. Foubert

Two studies explored perceptual biases on how resources are shared among groups of people. Intentional and unintentional processes were uncovered.