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Articles 1 - 30 of 366
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Making Sentencing Meaningful: How Victims Find Justice In The Sentencing Process, Melissa Handford
Making Sentencing Meaningful: How Victims Find Justice In The Sentencing Process, Melissa Handford
Bridges: An Undergraduate Journal of Contemporary Connections
This article examines the role of victims in the criminal justice system, and how victims find justice through the sentencing process. It examines the role that providing a victim impact statement, receiving information about typical sentencing practices, and restorative or traditional sentencing play in how victims perceive justice in sentencing. Quantitative analyses were conducted analyzing the aforementioned variables and their relationship to participant perceptions of sentence effectiveness, anger, sentence harshness, and happiness, as well as their propensity to obedience. Qualitative analyses were conducted to better understand the reasoning behind victim perceptions and preferences in relation to restorative and traditional sentencing …
A Responsible Parrhesia? A Review Of The Price Of Secrecy, Sara Tafakori
A Responsible Parrhesia? A Review Of The Price Of Secrecy, Sara Tafakori
RadioDoc Review
The Price of Secrecy immerses the listener in stories of individual trauma, of child abuse and rape, yet also draws lessons from them of wider social significance. It includes moments of narrative catharsis, interspersed with repeated reminders that the stories are unfinished and open-ended—that the solutions lie out there, in social action, rather than in the stories themselves. The series also gestures towards structural critique, especially of ‘the legal constraints’ it identifies, yet it places greater importance on changing the wider culture through challenging the culture of secrecy and shame around victims’ stories of rape and abuse. This centrally means …
Competency To Stand Trial Evaluations: Using Vignettes With Patients Who Lack Insight, Katelyn Fuller
Competency To Stand Trial Evaluations: Using Vignettes With Patients Who Lack Insight, Katelyn Fuller
James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal (JMURJ)
In the United States, an attorney may request a competency to stand trial evaluation if they are concerned that their client is not mentally fit to adequately participate in their case and defense. Patients found incompetent must undergo treatment for restoration of competency, regardless of their willingness. Clinicians and psychiatrists may use vignettes, or hypothetical scenarios, to help restore competency if the patient lacks insight into their mental illness. While vignettes have been well documented in studying attitudes and awareness, decision making, and identifying mental illness, there is little to no research into their use in psychiatric hospitals due to …
Geographic Research On Hate Crimes And Incidents: Approaches For Advancing Inclusive Practices, Hyejin Yoon, Hyowon Ban, Jessie Jungeun Hong-Dwyer
Geographic Research On Hate Crimes And Incidents: Approaches For Advancing Inclusive Practices, Hyejin Yoon, Hyowon Ban, Jessie Jungeun Hong-Dwyer
International Journal of Geospatial and Environmental Research
COVID-19, originally reported in China, has brought an increase in anti-Asian and Asian American hate incidents and crimes in the United States. However, research on hate incidents and crimes are relatively new in the field of geography. To provide better ways to investigate hate crime incidents against Asians and Asian Americans during COVID-19, this article draws on various research methods from existing studies on hate crimes. Geographers have focused attention on minority groups linked to different geographic scales, and non-geographic studies have focused mainly on psychological symptoms and impacts on health. Even though existing studies have helped broaden the knowledge …
Trauma And Juvenile Offending, Cynthia Vasquez, April Terry
Trauma And Juvenile Offending, Cynthia Vasquez, April Terry
SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days
Over the past few decades, studies have shown a relationship between childhood abuse and neglect and juvenile justice system involvement. Additionally, the United States supervises and incarcerates more youth than other established country. This process—from abuse to incarceration—has become known as the abuse-to-prison pipeline or victimization-to-imprisonment. Many traumatized youth find themselves responding to their trauma with behaviors deemed delinquent (e.g., skipping school and running away) which then begins their path into the juvenile justice system. For a sub-set of youth, they are dual-involved, meaning, they are supervised in both the child welfare and juvenile justice systems. For some youth, their …
A Legacy Of Feminism And Advocacy: An Interview With Dr. Lenore Walker, Brandi Diaz
A Legacy Of Feminism And Advocacy: An Interview With Dr. Lenore Walker, Brandi Diaz
Trauma Counseling and Resilience
Dr. Lenore Walker is a pioneer in feminism and trauma counseling. Her contribution to these fields is vast, including topics of gender violence, battered woman syndrome, child abuse and trauma, false confessions of battered women, sex and human trafficking, and psychology and the law. Her theories and conceptualizations have shaped how providers approach trauma-informed care and the assessment of trauma survivors. Moreover, her work has spanned a variety of functions such as a clinician, researcher, educator, advocate, leader, consultant, and mentor. For the purposes of this article, Dr. Walker engaged in an interview to discuss her career, contributions, legacy, and …
Review Of Selected Essays On Peacebuilding And Reconciliation, Rita Merhej, Bashar Rahme
Review Of Selected Essays On Peacebuilding And Reconciliation, Rita Merhej, Bashar Rahme
The Journal of Social Encounters
This paper is a review of selected essays on reconciliation and peacebuilding in conflict-affected and post-conflict societies delineating the fundamental key factors that promote peacebuilding, and the approaches to reconciliation which have proved to be effective over the past 20 years. Acknowledgement of wrongdoing, empathy and the promotion of open dialogue stand out as the factors common to all reconciliation initiatives. The paper examines five approaches to peacebuilding, namely contact theory, restorative justice, making apologies, sharing narratives and reconciliation through education, conceptualizing each in light of its benefits, as well as its challenges, with examples from the real world illustrating …
Animal Assisted Play Therapy® For Childhood Animal Abuse Following Exposure To Family Violence: A Case Example, Katharine Wenocur, Rise Vanfleet
Animal Assisted Play Therapy® For Childhood Animal Abuse Following Exposure To Family Violence: A Case Example, Katharine Wenocur, Rise Vanfleet
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
Intentional harm to nonhuman animals in childhood often correlates with histories of witnessing, experiencing, or perpetrating violence. Without appropriate intervention, children and adolescents who abuse animals following exposure to family violence risk long-term behavioral health challenges. While some treatment models have been specifically designed to reduce the risk of future violence among children displaying this behavior, interventions involving nonhuman animals represent a novel approach and show promise in addressing behavioral challenges associated with this behavior. Framed through the lens of a clinical case study, this article presents the potential benefits of implementing Animal Assisted Play Therapy® to treat symptoms of …
An Exploratory Approach To College Student Counterproductivity, Reagan L. Marsh, Justin Travis
An Exploratory Approach To College Student Counterproductivity, Reagan L. Marsh, Justin Travis
University of South Carolina Upstate Student Research Journal
Although counterproductivity (e.g., shirking responsibilities or lying to supervisors) is a focal topic for many industrial/organizational psychologists, the broader social psychology literature has historically focused on more serious and uncommon forms of individual-level deviance, often in terms of its relation to criminal activity or psychopathology. Additionally, sociologists study intentional harmful behaviors that individuals engage in but use the term deviance in lieu of counterproductivity. Regarding students, there has been some work that addresses the more common phenomenon of counterproductivity at school, such as lying to teachers and cheating on tests. Nevertheless, each of these domains, in criminal justice, social psychology, …
Bi-Negativity: An Assessment Of Negativity Surrounding Bisexuality From The Lgbtq+ And Heterosexual Communities, Whitney R. Ford
Bi-Negativity: An Assessment Of Negativity Surrounding Bisexuality From The Lgbtq+ And Heterosexual Communities, Whitney R. Ford
The Confluence
This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that negative attitudes towards bisexual people (bi-negativity) exists within the LGBTQ+ and heterosexual communities and to determine if levels of bi-negativity are higher within the LGBTQ+ group. I administered the Gender-Based Attitudes Towards Bisexuality (GBAB) Scale by Nielsen et al. (2022) to measure bi-negativity using an online survey. The results, obtained from 87 participants who identify as LGBTQ+ and 121 participants who identify as heterosexual between the ages of 18 and 80, support my hypothesis that bi-negativity exists within both groups. However, contrary to my second hypothesis, higher levels of bi-negativity were …
Editors' Note, Nirupama Devaraj, Bharath Ganesh Babu
Editors' Note, Nirupama Devaraj, Bharath Ganesh Babu
Midwest Social Sciences Journal
No abstract provided.
Book Review: Kings, Conquerors, Psychopaths: From Alexander To Hitler To The Corporation, Tim Bakken
Book Review: Kings, Conquerors, Psychopaths: From Alexander To Hitler To The Corporation, Tim Bakken
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
The book Kings, Conquerors, Psychopaths is a survey of a vast amount of human wrongdoing. It lays bare the motivations of aggressors who wish to subjugate nations or groups of people and corporate executives and government bureaucrats who make discretionary decisions that harm people. Along with cataloging mass killings by despots and soldiers, the book includes stories about Ponzi-schemers and the deaths of automobile drivers and passengers who were killed by vehicle defects known to the manufacturer. The book posits that “[p]owerful, elite forces are trying to force us backward toward a non-democratic state, one where power, wealth, and prerogative …
"He Is Not A Monster": Himpathy And Sexual Assault, Christabel L. Rogalin, Saige M. Addison
"He Is Not A Monster": Himpathy And Sexual Assault, Christabel L. Rogalin, Saige M. Addison
Midwest Social Sciences Journal
Himpathy occurs when privileged men accused of sexual assault or harassment receive extra attention and sympathy (Manne 2018, 2020). While himpathy is closely associated with the #MeToo movement, little research has explicitly explored this concept. In this review, we explore the literatures on rape myths, victim blaming and attributions, detailing the empirical work that provides support for the theoretical claims of himpathy. Sexual violence is a widespread problem, and as such, it is important to understand himpathy may underlie how the numerous (male) perpetrators of these crimes are able to reframe the allegations against them.
Trauma-Informed Youth Sport: Identifying Program Characteristics And Challenges To Advance Practice, Kayla Hussey, Lindsey C. Blom, Zenzi Huysmans, Dana Voelker, Matt Moore, Thalia M. Mulvihill
Trauma-Informed Youth Sport: Identifying Program Characteristics And Challenges To Advance Practice, Kayla Hussey, Lindsey C. Blom, Zenzi Huysmans, Dana Voelker, Matt Moore, Thalia M. Mulvihill
Journal of Youth Development
This purpose of this qualitative study was to explore shared characteristics and local challenges of trauma-informed youth sport program design and implementation through the voices of ten program facilitators (e.g., director, trainer; 8 women, 2 men; average age of 36.2 years, SD = 6.03) across four U.S. regions. Within a postpositivist approach and through thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews (average length of 53 minutes), shared characteristics identified by facilitators included promoting a safe and supportive environment, cultivating healthy relationships among adults and peers, and intentional psychological and social skill-building (e.g., attentional cues). Facilitators also explained the importance of understanding the …
Evaluating Sud/Oud Treatment Outcomes Related To Vocational Success For Previously Incarcerated Persons: A Review, Dorisann Mm Mcginnis, Saba Rasheed Ali
Evaluating Sud/Oud Treatment Outcomes Related To Vocational Success For Previously Incarcerated Persons: A Review, Dorisann Mm Mcginnis, Saba Rasheed Ali
Psychology from the Margins
The United States criminal justice system’s (CJS) primary purpose is for the rehabilitation of the individuals within it, which calls for a comprehensive evaluation and critique of its effectiveness. Though there are many variables of the CJS that can be evaluated, for those who are battling a substance or opioid use disorder, accessing treatment is particularly difficult. Further, upon release from the jail/prison system, such persons are often expected to maintain certain parameters such as holding a job. The complex interaction between all three of these variables (incarceration history, substance use history, and employment status) have not yet been evaluated …
Survivor Experiences Of Male Childhood Sexual Abuse: A Literature Review, Elizabeth Burch B.S., Joseph T. Kenneally Psy.D., Stephanie Zepeda Phd
Survivor Experiences Of Male Childhood Sexual Abuse: A Literature Review, Elizabeth Burch B.S., Joseph T. Kenneally Psy.D., Stephanie Zepeda Phd
Psychology from the Margins
The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes childhood sexual abuse (CSA) as a global health issue. CSA is a human violation that affects both female and male children and has a stronger detrimental impact on mental health than other traumatic childhood experiences. Despite a growing awareness of male survivors of CSA, male survivors are a marginalized group as most CSA research focuses on females. In addition, masculine norms can keep male adults from disclosing further, which can delay support and increase mental health issues. This meta- analysis reviews the current literature on this group of marginalized people and concludes with a …
Examining Remorse In Attributions Of Focal Concerns During Sentencing: A Study Of Probation Officers, Colleen M. Berryessa
Examining Remorse In Attributions Of Focal Concerns During Sentencing: A Study Of Probation Officers, Colleen M. Berryessa
International Journal on Responsibility
This research, using interviews with probation officers in the United States (n = 151) and a constant comparative method for analysis, draws from the focal concerns framework to qualitatively model a process by which probation officers use a defendant’s remorse to attribute focal concerns in order to guide their sentencing recommendations in pre-sentencing reports. The model suggests that officers use expressions of remorse to make attributions about mitigated criminal intention (blameworthiness and notions of responsibility), reduced dangerousness and a high potential for reform (community protection), and organization-level effects for increasing caseload efficiency and using correctional resources (practical effects of …
Norm-Referenced Effects Of A Campus-Based Therapeutic Mentoring Program, Gary Rempe, Michelle Saltis, David Matheson, Sydney Cople
Norm-Referenced Effects Of A Campus-Based Therapeutic Mentoring Program, Gary Rempe, Michelle Saltis, David Matheson, Sydney Cople
Journal of Youth Development
The purpose of this study was to explore potential effects of a 12-week therapeutic mentoring program targeting social, emotional, and behavioral concerns in 52 children and adolescents between 11 and 17 years of age. Self-reported scores on a norm-referenced behavioral questionnaire were tracked across the span of a mentoring program, and then analyzed using multilevel modeling. Results showed that participant scores changed in a healthy direction across all domains measured (i.e., conduct, negative affect, cognitive/attention, and academic functioning). Predictors in the multilevel model included caregiver-reported sex assigned at birth, the semester that the intervention took place, and whether a participant …
Average Or Outlier? Introductory Statistics Adjunct Instructors’ Beliefs, Practices, And Experiences, Samantha Estrada Aguilera, Erica Martinez
Average Or Outlier? Introductory Statistics Adjunct Instructors’ Beliefs, Practices, And Experiences, Samantha Estrada Aguilera, Erica Martinez
The Qualitative Report
In recent years, the adjunct faculty phenomenon has grown steadily. This research focused on adjunct instructors teaching introductory statistics courses. The purpose of the study was to give a voice to adjunct instructors by allowing them to describe their experiences teaching statistics. We conducted a qualitative study with 15 adjunct instructors of introductory statistics through semi-structured interviews. The participants came from several fields: psychology, nursing, and business, among others. Thematic analysis was used to find themes of statistical anxiety, use of technology in the classroom, lack of curriculum flexibility, and connection to the host institution. Our findings can inform institutions …
Recovery Journey Of Diverse Populations Using Design Thinking Method: Recommendations For Practitioners And Policymakers, Lawrence Bryant, Monica Nandan, Sherrie Cade, Bianca Anderson
Recovery Journey Of Diverse Populations Using Design Thinking Method: Recommendations For Practitioners And Policymakers, Lawrence Bryant, Monica Nandan, Sherrie Cade, Bianca Anderson
Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences
Through a state grant-funded multicultural needs assessment, researchers from a U.S. southeastern state university captured the voices of underserved populations related to their unmet needs and recovery journey from the non-medical use of opioids and other substances. Specific voices of African Americans, Latinx, mature adults, veterans, people who are homeless, college students, and individuals within the lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ+) communities were captured utilizing design thinking protocol in focus groups. Participants recommended that providers be culturally responsive in disseminating information and providing affirming care. Moreover, participants felt that counselors and other professionals should be more empathetic and …
Female Perpetrators Of Ritually Motivated Pedicide And Mutilation Of Children, Chima Agazue
Female Perpetrators Of Ritually Motivated Pedicide And Mutilation Of Children, Chima Agazue
Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence
Ritually motivated pedicide is among contemporary Africa’s most severe crimes against children. Most of these crimes involve brutal acts of violence or mutilation of the victim. While men are most often the perpetrators of violent crimes, ritually motivated pedicide and mutilation equally attract women. The role of women in these crimes is not restricted to the less violent aspects of the crimes; instead, they also extend to the most brutal elements, often involving mutilation, decapitation or outright murder of the victim. This article explored the involvement of women in these crimes that target children for mutilation and pedicide. The article …
Exploring Facilitators, Barriers And Concerns Of Police Using Social Media When Investigating Missing Children, Eleanor Howlings, Reka Solymosi
Exploring Facilitators, Barriers And Concerns Of Police Using Social Media When Investigating Missing Children, Eleanor Howlings, Reka Solymosi
International Journal of Missing Persons
Missing person investigations involve the collection of information to ensure the person is located as fast as possible, minimising their exposure to harms. Social media is a valuable source of information in police investigations both to learn about the missing person, and to appeal for information to the public. To ensure social media is used safely and effectively, we must understand the concerns and experiences of investigating officers. In this pilot study, we analysed interviews from 8 experts who investigate missing children to identify the facilitators and barriers of using social media. We also identified concerns raised by officers around …
Can Undergraduate Artists With No Training In Forensic Art Produce Accurate Age Progressions?, William B. Erickson, James Lampinen, Charlie Frowd, Gregory Mahoney
Can Undergraduate Artists With No Training In Forensic Art Produce Accurate Age Progressions?, William B. Erickson, James Lampinen, Charlie Frowd, Gregory Mahoney
International Journal of Missing Persons
When children go missing and remain missing for long periods of time, authorities sometimes retain forensic artists to age progress the last known picture to provide an estimate of the current appearance. In the present research, undergraduate artists with no training in forensic art were asked to age progress images of children to an adult appearance. Similarity of age progressions produced by undergraduate artists were as similar to the corresponding targets as were age progressions produced by practicing forensic artists. However, age progressions produced by undergraduate artists were rated as being more similar to description matched foils than were the …
Shared Responsibility: Conceptualising How A Public Health Approach May Enhance Police Response To Missing Persons, Katie Gambier-Ross, Joe Apps Dr, Sarah Wayland Dr
Shared Responsibility: Conceptualising How A Public Health Approach May Enhance Police Response To Missing Persons, Katie Gambier-Ross, Joe Apps Dr, Sarah Wayland Dr
International Journal of Missing Persons
When a person is reported missing there are substantial costs for the individual, their family and society. This paper conceptualises the experience of missing persons episodes, through a public health approach. This then allows police, stakeholders and the community to engage in discussions about who is vulnerable to going missing by intervening in a way that addresses risk. Historically, a missing persons episode involves an absence, typically followed by police involvement in consultation with next of kin with establishing the whereabouts of the missing person being the primary focus. Yet, the risk factors of going missing relate more to the …
From Exploration Of Classism To Anticlassist Counseling: Implications For Counselors And Counselor Educators, Lucy Parker-Barnes, Suzanne Degges-White, David A. Walker, Scott Wickman, Bellamy Linneman, Courtney Rowley, Robert Giansante, Noel Mckillip
From Exploration Of Classism To Anticlassist Counseling: Implications For Counselors And Counselor Educators, Lucy Parker-Barnes, Suzanne Degges-White, David A. Walker, Scott Wickman, Bellamy Linneman, Courtney Rowley, Robert Giansante, Noel Mckillip
Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision
Classism is a recently studied, but historically present, form of oppression. Despite much attention to inclusion of underrepresented clients in counseling literature, there has been little focus on the presence of classism in academic settings. In an effort to close this gap, a study of 202 individuals, aged 18 to 38, was conducted to explore the relationships among perceived classism, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Only 4.5% of the participants had never experienced any incidents of classism. African American individuals were more likely to experience interpersonal classism and working class/poor individuals were more likely to experience interpersonal and systemic classism. Recommendations …
Gun Violence: Is Mental Illness Really The Issue?, Rachel T. Dillon
Gun Violence: Is Mental Illness Really The Issue?, Rachel T. Dillon
Soaring: A Journal of Undergraduate Research
As the cases of gun violence are continuously increasing in America, so are the number of assumptions that the incident was caused by a mental illness. Whenever there is a mass shooting, the media is quick to diagnose the shooter with a mental illness, without having the credentials to do so. Previous research has found that stories of mass shootings and incidents of gun violence increase negative attitudes towards people with a serious mental illness (SMI), and an increase in support for gun restrictions for this specific population. This paper uses past research on gun violence beliefs to help answer …
Stepping Beyond The Bars: A Comparative Analysis Of Personality Traits In Previously Incarcerated Males And Females, Alexandra Anthonioz, Amanda Elbassiouny, Kayla Sircy
Stepping Beyond The Bars: A Comparative Analysis Of Personality Traits In Previously Incarcerated Males And Females, Alexandra Anthonioz, Amanda Elbassiouny, Kayla Sircy
Modern Psychological Studies
The current study sought to explore differences in a previously incarcerated individual’s personality traits based on biological sex. It was posited that within a population of individuals who were formerly incarcerated, males would demonstrate a greater prevalence of personality traits that have been previously associated with involvement in the criminal justice system, compared to females. A total of 2,400 previously incarcerated people from Wave IV of The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (ADD Health) were asked questions related to personality traits. Previously incarcerated females had significantly higher levels of impulsivity than females not previously incarcerated, whereas previously incarcerated males …
Adoption And Foster Microaggressions Amidst Covid-19: Pandemic-Related Stress May Increase Negative Judgments Of Others, Mikala A. Grimaldi, Holly A. Grant-Marsney, Ashley A. Hansen-Brown
Adoption And Foster Microaggressions Amidst Covid-19: Pandemic-Related Stress May Increase Negative Judgments Of Others, Mikala A. Grimaldi, Holly A. Grant-Marsney, Ashley A. Hansen-Brown
Modern Psychological Studies
One community that has often been overlooked while facing frequent negative perceptions and stigma is adopted individuals. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic at the start of this research, we hypothesized that scenarios of individuals from foster and adoptive families would be more likely to be associated with common misrepresentations that emphasize child-like qualities and lower competency compared to non-adopted peers. We surveyed 313 participants through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk, after exclusion criteria, the sample consisted of 217 participants. Although the original hypothesis was not supported, our results indicate that higher pandemic-related stress influences perceptions of entitlement and infantilization towards others regardless …